Crash of a Boeing 720-047B in Mexico City

Date & Time: Aug 16, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HK-723
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Bogotá - Mexico City
MSN:
18061/197
YOM:
1961
Country:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
121
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the last segment on final approach to Mexico City-Benito Juarez Airport, while passing over the runway threshold, the four engine airplane entered an area of heavy rain falls. The pilot-in-command apparently lost visual contact with the runway and decided to initiate a go-around manoeuvre when the airplane stalled, nosed down and struck the runway surface nose gear first. Upon impact, the nose gear was torn off and the airplane slid for several metres before coming to rest. All 127 occupants were evacuated safely.

Crash of a Vickers 785D Viscount on Mt Chimborazo: 59 killed

Date & Time: Aug 15, 1976 at 0835 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HC-ARS
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Quito - Cuenca
MSN:
377
YOM:
1958
Flight number:
EH232
Country:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
55
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
59
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Quito-Mariscal Sucre Airport at 0806LT on a regular schedule flight EH232 to Cuenca, carrying four crew members and 55 passengers. At 0827LT, while cruising at 18,000 feet, the crew reported over Ambato. Eight minutes later, while cruising in limited visibility, the four engine airplane struck the slope of Mt Chimborazo (6,263 metres high). As the airplane failed to arrive at destination, SAR operations were initiated but eventually suspended few days later as no trace of the aircraft nor the 59 occupants was found. The wreckage was apparently localized on 17 October 2002 and a team of 20 alpinists was able to reach the crash site on 18 February 2003. Debris of the airplane were found, confirming this was flight EH232.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of an Antonov AN-2 off Uelen

Date & Time: Aug 13, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-23722
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Lavrentiya - Uelen
MSN:
13547305
YOM:
1953
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While descending to Uelen Airstrip, the crew encountered foggy conditions but decided to continue the approach when the airplane struck the water surface and crashed in the Uelen lagoon. The wreckage was found 415 metres short of runway threshold and 35 metres to the left of its extended centerline. There were no casualties. At the time of the accident, the visibility was below minimums.
Probable cause:
The crew continued the approach in below weather conditions until the airplane struck the water surface and crashed in a lagoon.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24B in Guryev

Date & Time: Aug 13, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-47734
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
6 99 010 02
YOM:
1976
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
38
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On a night approach to Guryev Airport (now Atyrau), the aircraft passed below the glide path following an error on part of the flying crew and hit the ground at a speed of 210 km/h some 45 meters short of the runway threshold. The aircraft bounced twice and hit the runway surface on a nose down attitude, causing the nose gear to hit the runway with a positive acceleration force of 3,5 g. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair while all 43 occupants were unhurt.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the pilot-in-command.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 in Krasnyy: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jul 31, 1976 at 1519 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-70255
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Anapa – Maykop – Cherkessk – Kislovodsk
MSN:
1G139-14
YOM:
1972
Flight number:
SU470
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
En route, the crew encountered marginal weather conditions and was forced to modify his altitude several times between 400 and 800 metres. Approaching Labinsk, the crew was informed about thunderstorm activity on the route but decided to continue. The airplane entered the thunderstorm area at 1503LT, lost speed and altitude. Eventually, it went out of control and crashed in a cornfield located in Krasnyy, about 35 km southeast of Labinsk. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact. While four passengers were seriously injured, all five other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The decision of the crew to continue the flight into thunderstorm activity and adverse weather conditions, and failed to return. Thunderstorm activity and altitude turbulences caused the aircraft to lose speed and height and to become uncontrollable. Information transmitted to the crew regarding weather briefing were inaccurate, which was considered as concomitant.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Bratislava: 76 killed

Date & Time: Jul 28, 1976 at 0937 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OK-NAB
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Prague - Bratislava
MSN:
189 0016 05
YOM:
1959
Flight number:
OK001
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
73
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
76
Circumstances:
While descending to runway 22 at Bratislava-Ivanka-Milan Rastislav Štefánik Airport, the crew adopted a wrong approach configuration and descended with a rate of descent of 22 m/s instead of 10 m/s. This caused the airplane to be unstable while its speed varied from 435 to 225 km/h. Flaps were directly selected from zero to full down position, which caused the airplane's speed to decrease. Reverse thrust were activated on both engines n°2 and 3 below the altitude of 1,000 metres. At this time, the engine n°3 failed and in a certain confusion, the crew inadvertently feathered the propeller on engine n°4. During the last segment, about 50 metres above the runway threshold, the captain considered a missed approach and decided to initiate a go-around manoeuvre. The airplane climbed to an altitude of 40 metres and turn to the right when the engine n°4 was restarted. The airplane rolled to the right then stalled and crashed in the Zlaté piersky Lake located one km short of runway 13 threshold, northwest of the airport. Four passengers were rescued while 75 other occupants were killed. Few hours later, one of the survivor died from his injuries.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who failed to follow the approved procedures. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Poor approach planning,
- Poor crew coordination,
- Unstable approach,
- Failure of the n°3 engine,
- Reverse thrust activated on engines n°2 and 3 at an unsafe altitude,
- Propeller on engine n°4 inadvertently feathered on approach,
- Inappropriate decisions on part of the captain,
- Poor flight supervision.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A Islander in Covilhã

Date & Time: Jul 28, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
CS-AJQ
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Covilhã - Lisbon
MSN:
68
YOM:
1969
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Covilhã Airport, while in initial climb, one of the engine failed. The pilot elected to make an emergency landing in an open field. The aircraft crash landed and came to rest. While all occupants were evacuated safely, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the engine failure was the consequence of a bird strike shortly after rotation.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Astrakhan

Date & Time: Jul 26, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-07285
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1G148-46
YOM:
1973
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
For unknown reason, the pilot got distracted and lost control of the airplane that crashed near Astrakhan. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 100 in Bhubaneshwar

Date & Time: Jul 24, 1976 at 1852 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DMD
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
10174
YOM:
1961
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
19
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
32677
Aircraft flight cycles:
27978
Circumstances:
The airplane landed hard and bounced. It rolled to the right and struck the runway surface again with its right wing. Upon touchdown, the nose gear tyre burst and the airplane veered off runway and came to rest. All 23 occupants were evacuated and the aircraft was considered as damaged beyond as the right wingtip and the right engine were torn off.
Probable cause:
Improper recovery from a bounced landing.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-104A in Chita

Date & Time: Jul 17, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-42335
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chita – Novosibirsk – Chelyabinsk – Moscow
MSN:
7 66 005 01
YOM:
1957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
110
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After a long roll at Chita-Kadala Airport, the aircraft took off very late at a speed of 275 km/h. During initial climb, it struck the embankment of a railway road located 322 metres past the runway end. It crash landed in a field, slid for dozen metres then turn to the left and came to rest. Four passengers and a flight attendant were injured while 112 other occupants escaped uninjured. The aircraft was written off.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the total weight of the aircraft was 5 tons above the MTOW at the time of the accident (75,300 kilos).