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Crash of a Tupolev TU-104A near Chita: 64 killed

Date & Time: Aug 15, 1958 at 2220 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L5442
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Khabarovsk – Irkutsk
MSN:
7 35 03 03
YOM:
28
Flight number:
SU004
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
58
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
64
Aircraft flight hours:
1041
Aircraft flight cycles:
401
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Khabarovsk Airport with a delay of 3 hours and 35 minutes due to poor weather conditions. En route, while cruising at an assigned altitude of 11,000 meters, the crew encountered poor weather conditions and the captain decided to gain height to avoid the low pressure area. Shortly later, while at an altitude of 12,000 meters, the airplane went out of control and nosed down. It dove into the ground and crashed by an angle of 60° nose down in a field located near Chita. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all 64 occupants were killed. Debris were scattered on a distance of about 450 meters.
Probable cause:
The accident was the result of a loss of controllability due to atmospheric turbulences while cruising at an altitude of 12,000 meters which is in excess with the flying limitations and certification of the aircraft. Due to marginal weather conditions, the flight should be cancelled or postponed. The following factors contributed to the accident:
- Poor flight preparation on part of the ground operations, flying crew and flight director,
- The flight was delayed of 3 hours and 35 minutes, causing the aircraft to fly in worse weather conditions than predicted,
- Inadequate weather forecast,
- Poor weather conditions with atmospheric turbulences,
- Lack of clear instructions concerning the aircraft operation limitations (ceiling altitude),
- Violation of standard operating procedures.

Crash of an Antonov AN-2 near Inta: 4 killed

Date & Time: Jul 2, 1958
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L3803
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Pelengachi – Kazhim
MSN:
1 55 473 11
YOM:
1955
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
At Pelengachi Airport, the captain was told that weather conditions were poor all along the route and that operations were suspended. Despite the situation, he took the decision to leave Pelengachi bound to Kazhim with three other crew members. After takeoff, the single engine airplane climbed to an altitude of 200-300 meters before it disappeared in the clouds. Twenty-three minutes later, while cruising in low visibility, the airplane struck the slope of a mountain and disintegrated on impact. All four crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Wrong decision on part of the captain to perform the flight despite poor weather conditions. Lack of operations supervision on part of the authority was also reported. It is believed the captain was tired at the time of the accident due to insufficient rest time. Also, he was apparently intoxicated, which contributed to the accident.

Crash of an Antonov AN-2T in Byelaya Noch: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jun 27, 1958 at 0400 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L5643
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Seymchan - Byelaya Noch - Seymchan
MSN:
1 54 473 11
YOM:
1955
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The aircraft left Seymchan at 0305LT on a geological survey flight in the region of the Byelaya Noch and Popovka Rivers. After few maneuvers at an altitude of 760 meters and at a speed of 250 km/h, the crew reduced his speed down to 80 km/h while approaching a mountain (40° slope). The airplane struck the ground with its tail wheel, causing the airplane to drift down and struck the mountain. The pilot made a turn to the left to bring the aircraft back in the direction of the descent to increase the speed but the airplane bounced three times. During the third impact, it came to rest in flames and both mechanic and navigator were ejected from the cockpit and killed instantly. All four occupants were slightly injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The accident resulted from poor decisions on the part of the pilot-in-command who, by negligence and lack of discipline, engaged the aircraft in hazardous maneuvers near a mountainous area.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-12 in Magadan: 24 killed

Date & Time: Jun 9, 1958 at 1150 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1364
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Okhotsk – Magadan
MSN:
30 082
YOM:
1947
Flight number:
SU105
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
20
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
24
Aircraft flight hours:
11103
Circumstances:
While descending to Magadan Airport on a flight from Okhotsk, weather conditions deteriorated with low clouds, rain falls and a visibility of about four km. On approach, the airplane struck pine trees and crashed in a wooded area located 16,5 km south of the airfield. The aircraft was destroyed and all 24 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The crew started the descent without knowing his real position and altitude. Due to clouds, the pilot failed to locate the ground nor the airport.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-104 at Savasleyka AFB

Date & Time: Feb 19, 1958
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L5414
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Novosibirsk - Sverdlovsk - Moscow
MSN:
6 35 01 01
YOM:
1956
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a training flight from Novosibirsk to Moscow-Vnukovo Airport with an intermediate stop at Sverdlovsk-Koltsovo Airport. While approaching Moscow, the crew informed ATC that the fuel reserves were insufficient and requested the permission to divert to the Dyagilevo Airbase located 180 km southeast of Moscow. Without checking local conditions, the flight director authorized the crew to divert to Dyagilevo. Upon arrival, the pilot was forced to make a go around due to poor weather conditions and it was then decided to divert to the Savasleyka Airbase located 200 km northeast of Dyagilevo. On final approach to Savasleyka Airfield, both engines stopped simultaneously. The airplane stalled, struck trees and crashed in a wooded area located 1,500 meters short of runway. The aircraft was destroyed and all eight crew members were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure caused by a fuel exhaustion.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-12 in Birobidzhan: 27 killed

Date & Time: Dec 18, 1957 at 1235 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1309
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Khabarovsk – Magdagachi – Irkutsk – Moscow
MSN:
30 015
YOM:
1947
Flight number:
SU010
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
22
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
27
Aircraft flight hours:
10436
Circumstances:
While parked at Khabarovsk Airport, the aircraft encountered gusty winds up to 86 km/h. Strong winds were still gusting during taxiing and takeoff. At 1158LT, the crew left Khabarovsk Airport bound for Magdagachi. At 1235LT, while cruising at an altitude of 2,100 meters, the airplane went out of control, dove into the ground and crashed on the northwestern slope of Mt Poktoi located about 30 km west of Birobidzhan. SAR operations were initiated but eventually suspended few days later as no trace of the aircraft was found. The wreckage was located in June 1958 on a 45° slope terrain. The airplane was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the loss of control was the consequence of the failure of the rudder that detached in flight following strong winds encountered on ground while parked at Khabarovsk Airport.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-14P in Helsinki

Date & Time: Dec 3, 1957
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1657
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Leningrad – Helsinki
MSN:
1460 010 27
YOM:
1956
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
16
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After touchdown at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, the airplane encountered difficulties to stop within the remaining distance, overran and came to rest in a ditch with the cockpit destroyed on impact. All passengers were evacuated safely while three crew members in the cockpit were seriously injured. Among the passenger was an employee of the Dutch Embassy in Moscow.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-12 near Aksha: 27 killed

Date & Time: Oct 1, 1957 at 1855 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1389
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Moscow – Irkutsk – Chita – Khabarovsk
MSN:
30 123
YOM:
21
Flight number:
SU011
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
23
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
27
Aircraft flight hours:
9996
Circumstances:
While cruising by night on the leg from Irkutsk to Chita, the crew lost his orientation and requested ATC assistance, without success. The airplane deviated from the prescribed flight path to the south and due to fuel exhaustion, the crew was forced to make an emergency landing. Following three unsuccessful attempts, the captain elected a fourth landing attempt when, at an altitude of 900 meters, the airplane clip trees, continued for about 340 meters and eventually crashed in a dense wooded area. A passenger was seriously injured and later evacuated while all 27 other occupants were killed. The aircraft was totally destroyed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew failed to adhere to published procedures and did not follow the route mentioned on the flight plan because he failed to use the automatic direction finder properly. Following several mistakes and a lack of awareness, the crew failed to take the appropriate actions to establish his position. It was also considered that the ATC assistance was insufficient and inefficient.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-14D in Lviv: 7 killed

Date & Time: Aug 30, 1957 at 0759 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1440
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Lviv – Kiev – Moscow
MSN:
1470 015 12
YOM:
15
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Aircraft flight hours:
122
Circumstances:
For unknown reason, the crew decided to start the flight under VFR in IMC conditions. At the time of the accident, weather conditions were as follow: overcast between 100 and 200 meters, mist and a visibility estimated between 2 and 4 km. The crew departed at 0750LT on a cargo flight to Moscow via Kiev but lost almost immediately his sens of orientation while cruising southbound at an altitude of 150 meters. The pilot-in-command elected to return when the aircraft crashed on a wooded hill located 7,5 km south of the airport. All seven occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control while flying under VFR in IMC conditions.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-14D in Kiev: 7 killed

Date & Time: Aug 17, 1957 at 2002 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1360
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kiev - Kiev
MSN:
1470 014 32
YOM:
0
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Aircraft flight hours:
157
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a local training flight at Kiev-Zhuliany. While flying at an altitude estimated between 250 to 300 meters, the aircraft collided with an Aeroflot Ilyushin II-14G registered CCCP-L2071 that was approaching the same airport following a cargo flight SU126 from Sofia with five crew members on board. Investigations determined that the propeller of the right engine of L2071 struck the right wing of the L1360, proving that both airplanes were facing each other. Following the collision, L1360 lost its right wing, dove into the ground and crashed while L2071 lost its right propeller that penetrated the cockpit and killed instantly both pilots. Out of control, the airplane also dove into the ground. Both aircraft crashed onto several houses located 4,5 km from the airport. All 9 crew members were killed as well as six people on the ground. 23 others were injured, 12 of them seriously.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the collision was the consequence of a lack of radar coverage, guidance and assistance on part of the ATC at Kiev-Zhuliany Airport. It was reported that the crew of L2071 was not informed about the presence of a second aircraft performing training maneuvers in the vicinity of the airfield at the same altitude.