Crash of a Mitsubishi MU-300-10 Diamond II in Houston

Date & Time: Mar 12, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N411BW
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1008
YOM:
1985
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After landing on wet runway 35 at Houston-Sugar Land Airport, the crew encountered nil braking action. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran and came to rest in a ditch. Both occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
No investigations were conducted by the NTSB. The pilot reported this incident was caused by tire hydroplaning and loss of brake effectiveness due to wet runway conditions.

Crash of an Antonov AN-12BP in Lucapa: 15 killed

Date & Time: Mar 12, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-11531
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Luanda – Lucapa
MSN:
6 34 45 06
YOM:
1966
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
11
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
15
Circumstances:
On final approach to Lucapa in heavy fog, the captain was unable to establish a visual contact with the runway and decided to make a go-around. A second approach was abandoned few minutes later. During a third attempt to land, the crew failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when the four engine aircraft hit obstacles some 200 metres to the right of the runway, crashed and burst into flames. All 15 occupants were killed.

Crash of an Airbus A320-212 in Abu Dhabi

Date & Time: Mar 10, 1997 at 1056 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
A4O-EM
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Muscat – Abu Dhabi – Bahrain – Cairo
MSN:
536
YOM:
1995
Flight number:
GF071
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
107
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll on runway 31 at Abu Dhabi Airport, just before V1, the aircraft started to vibrate and longitudinal control was lost. The captain decided to abandon the takeoff procedure and initiate an emergency braking manoeuvre. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran, lost its nose gear and came to a halt few dozen metres further. On impact, the cockpit and both engines were almost destroyed and the left wing broke in two.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the vibration during the takeoff roll was the consequence of a tyre burst.

Crash of a Let L-410UVP-E in La Ceiba

Date & Time: Mar 3, 1997 at 0700 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HR-IAS
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
La Ceiba - Puerto Lempira
MSN:
86 16 08
YOM:
1986
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
19
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff from runway 06, while in initial climb, the crew raised the landing gear and reduced the engine power. The aircraft stalled and sank back on the runway, slid for about 450 metres and came to rest. All 21 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Failure of the crew to reduce power shortly after rotation as it is specified in the flight manual on this model that the engine power cannot be reduced below the minimum altitude of 1,500 feet.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-120RT Brasília in Vilhena

Date & Time: Mar 3, 1997 at 0044 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PT-MFC
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Campo Grande - Vilhena
MSN:
120-206
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
PTN126
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
9280
Captain / Total hours on type:
2501.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4153
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1988
Circumstances:
En route from Campo Grande to Vilhena, while in cruising altitude, the crew received the last weather bulletin about Vilhena with conditions below minimums. The copilot (under line check on this flight) suggested to divert to the alternate airport but the captain/instructor preferred to attempt an approach via Echo 1 and the NDB for runway 03. If visual contact would not be established at decision height, the crew would divert to the alternate airport. Then the copilot set the decision height at 2,500 feet which was wrong as the correct decision height was fixed at 2,560 feet. Nor the copilot nor the captain realized this mistake prior to start the descent to Vilhena Airport. On approach, the copilot was told by captain to monitor the horizon. He focused his attention on the horizon and failed to monitor the altimer. On his side, the captain elected to establish a visual contact with the ground and the runway light but is was later confirmed that the city of Vilhena suffered a general blackout. On final, the aircraft descended below MDA then struck trees and crashed less than one km from the runway threshold, bursting into flames. All 16 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
The following findings were identified:
- Poor crew coordination,
- Wrong approach configuration,
- The crew's attention was focused on their respective tasks without monitoring the approach configuration, causing the aircraft to descent below the glide,
- The captain/instructor failed to supervise properly the copilot's manoeuvres,
- No approach briefing,
- Lack of visibility due to a general blackout.

Final Report:

Crash of a Dassault Falcon 20E in Ardabil: 4 killed

Date & Time: Mar 3, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
5-3020
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Tehran - Ardabil
MSN:
348
YOM:
1976
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
While approaching Ardabil Airport in poor weather conditions, the aircraft struck the ground few km short of runway. All four crew members were killed. They were completing a humanitarian flight from Tehran.

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air in Salt Lake City: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 2, 1997 at 1913 LT
Registration:
N117WM
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Las Vegas - Salt Lake City
MSN:
BB-662
YOM:
1980
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
8172
Captain / Total hours on type:
1841.00
Aircraft flight hours:
4692
Circumstances:
The flight was on a coupled instrument landing system (ILS) approach with 1/2 mile visibility in snow showers. Three successive fixes on the localizer are defined by distance measuring equipment (DME) paired with the ILS; prior to the ILS DME commissioning 6 months before the accident, the DME fixes were defined by a VORTAC 4.7 nautical miles past the ILS DME. The aircraft was 800 feet high at the first fix and 1,500 feet high at the second, but approximately on altitude 4.7 nautical miles past the first and second fixes, respectively. It passed the outer marker 900 feet high and captured the glide slope from above about 1.8 nautical miles from the threshold, 500 feet above decision height (DH) and 700 feet above touchdown. The aircraft was on glide slope for 28 seconds, during which time its speed decayed to stall speed; it then dropped below glide slope and crashed 1.3 nautical miles short of the threshold. The pilot's FLT DIR DME-1/ DME-2 switch, which control the DME display on the pilot's horizontal situation indicator (HSI), was found set to DME-2; the NAV-2 radio was set to the VORTAC frequency. Up to 800 feet may be required for stall recovery.
Probable cause:
The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed on the ILS approach, resulting in a stall. Factors included: low visibility; the pilot's selection of the improper DME for the approach; his resulting failure to attain the proper descent profile for the approach; and insufficient altitude available for stall recovery.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piaggio P.166S Albatross in Johannesburg

Date & Time: Mar 1, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
ZS-NJR
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Johannesburg - Port Elizabeth
MSN:
455
YOM:
1973
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after liftoff, while in initial climb, the twin engine aircraft stalled and crashed near the runway end. The pilot was injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control during initial following an engine failure for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Learjet 35A in Greenville

Date & Time: Feb 27, 1997 at 1015 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N440HM
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Atlanta - Greenville
MSN:
35-294
YOM:
1980
Flight number:
GRA440
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5293
Captain / Total hours on type:
202.00
Circumstances:
The pilot-in-command stated he was cleared for an ILS approach. He had to use spoilers to intercept the glideslope. The landing was extended at the outer marker as the airspeed was slowed through 200 knots. As the airspeed decreased the spoilers were retracted and the flaps were extended to 20-degrees. The airplane was drifting to the right and flaps were lowered to 40-degrees as the drift was corrected. The airplane floated and touched down long. The spoilers, and brakes were applied as well as full reverse. There was no braking due to hydroplaning. Examination of the crash site revealed the airplane went off the end of the runway, skidded through 200 feet of sod, vaulted off a 25 foot embankment, skidded across a road, and collided with a ditch.
Probable cause:
The pilot-in-command's failure to achieve the proper touchdown point on a known wet runway, resulting in a subsequent overrun and on ground collision with a ditch.
Final Report:

Crash of a Dornier DO.128-6 Skyservant in Kaduna: 3 killed

Date & Time: Feb 24, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
NAF017
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kaduna - Kaduna
MSN:
6007
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Kaduna-New Kaduna Airport. On final approach, the pilot-in-command lost control of the airplane that nosed down and crashed in a field located 3 km short of runway. All three crew members were killed.