Crash of a Short 330-100 in La Lopé

Date & Time: Apr 23, 1998 at 0800 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
TR-LEH
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Libreville - Booué
MSN:
3075
YOM:
1981
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While approaching Booué Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions. As a landing was impossible in such conditions, the crew decided to return to Libreville but en route, ATC confirmed that weather was poor and the crew decided to divert to La Lopé Airport. After landing on a wet runway surface (La Lopé runway is 800 metres long), the aircraft encountered difficulties to stop within the remaining distance and overran. While contacting soft ground, the nose gear collapsed then the aircraft rolled for about 50 metres before coming to rest in a rocky area. All 16 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Boeing 737-2H4 in Almaty

Date & Time: Apr 12, 1998 at 1448 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
P4-NEN
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Aktyubinsk - Almaty
MSN:
20925
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
OEG717
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
80
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
71160
Aircraft flight cycles:
84935
Circumstances:
After touchdown on a wet runway surface, the crew aircraft was unable to stop within the remaining distance. It overran at a speed of 80 knots, lost its right main gear and right engine before coming to rest few dozen metres further. All 88 occupants evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Piper PA-60 Aerostar (Ted Smith 600) in Presque Isle: 1 killed

Date & Time: Apr 10, 1998 at 1837 LT
Registration:
N7527S
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Presque Isle – Bangor
MSN:
60-0188-084
YOM:
1975
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
1500
Captain / Total hours on type:
123.00
Aircraft flight hours:
8286
Circumstances:
The twin-engine Aerostar departed on Runway 1. While on initial climb, after take-off, witnesses observed the airplane roll to the left until it became inverted, after which the nose dropped and the airplane impacted the ground in a near vertical nose down attitude. The fuselage was consumed with a post crash fire. On-site examination revealed the wing flaps and landing gear were retracted. No evidence of a mechanical failure or malfunction was found relating to the airplane, engines, or propellers. The investigation revealed that both propellers were rotating and absorbing power at the time of impact. The winds were reported from 360 degrees at 17 knots, with gusts to 25 knots.
Probable cause:
The failure of the pilot to maintain control of the airplane during takeoff for undetermined reasons.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S in Del Rio

Date & Time: Apr 8, 1998 at 1905 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N2083C
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Del Rio - San Antonio
MSN:
BA-446
YOM:
1959
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
6800
Captain / Total hours on type:
55.00
Circumstances:
The pilot lost control of the airplane following the loss of engine power from the right engine during takeoff. The pilot stated that the engine power loss was not sudden, but rather a slow continued reduction of power. The pilot further stated that the loss of power occurred after he placed the landing gear selector in the retract position. He added that his airspeed at the time of the power loss was between Vmc (86 mph) and Vy (120 mph). The airplane started to roll towards the right (dead) engine as the pilot reduced the power on the left engine. The outboard portion of the right wing impacted the ground short of a taxiway. Examination of the wreckage revealed that the right engine propeller was in the feather position and the left engine was torn from the airframe. The reason for the loss of engine power was not determined.
Probable cause:
A loss of engine power on the right engine for undetermined reasons, and the pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 208B Super Cargomaster in Bismarck: 1 killed

Date & Time: Apr 7, 1998 at 0838 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N868FE
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Grand Forks - Bismarck
MSN:
208B-0193
YOM:
1989
Flight number:
FDX8738
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
2265
Captain / Total hours on type:
19.00
Aircraft flight hours:
6140
Circumstances:
The airplane was making an instrument landing system approach in instrument meteorological icing conditions when control was lost. The airplane impacted the terrain 1.6 miles from the approach end on the runway. The airplane contacted the terrain with the left wing first prior to cartwheeling and coming to rest approximately 120 feet from the point of first impact. The pilot had 19 hours total flight time in Cessna 208's of which 1.9 hours were in actual instrument meteorological conditions.
Probable cause:
The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed during the approach which resulted in an inadvertent stall. Factors associated with the accident were the icing conditions and the pilot's low level experience in this make and model of airplane.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III in Hamburg: 1 killed

Date & Time: Apr 6, 1998 at 1320 LT
Operator:
Registration:
D-ICBK
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Hamburg - Hanover
MSN:
421C-0292
YOM:
1977
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel Airport, while climbing, the pilot reported engine problems and was cleared to return for an emergency landing. While completing a turn, he lost control of the airplane that crashed in Niendorf, near the airport. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.

Crash of a Cessna 402B in West Palm Beach

Date & Time: Apr 3, 1998 at 1705 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N400AR
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Marsh Harbour - West Palm Beach
MSN:
402B-0338
YOM:
1972
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
6120
Captain / Total hours on type:
350.00
Circumstances:
According to the passengers, they departed about 30 or 40 minutes late because of the late arrival of the airplane. When the pilot arrived, he 'seemed to...be in a hurry...there was no safety instructions or any attempt to show us or the kids the operation of the door.' After takeoff, the flight climbed to an altitude of 6,700 feet. The pilot attempted to make radio contact with an unknown station, was unsuccessful in making radio contact, and according to a passenger, 'seemed agitated.' The passengers noticed that the left alternator light was illuminated, and questioned the pilot. The pilot told the passengers, '...it's nothing it always comes on.' About 15 minutes after departure, the flight descended to 3,000 feet and the pilot attempted to make radio contact with someone again. The flight continued at 3,000 feet until the pilot saw a ship in the ocean. He descended to around 1,000 feet over the ship, and was still working with the radio. The flight continued onto the coast. The passengers told EMS personnel that the airplane made an 'abrupt' left turn to line up with the runway, and when the airplane touched down, they felt the right side of the aircraft collapse. After touchdown on runway 27L, the airplane's right main landing gear collapsed, then the left gear collapsed. The airplane slid off the right side of the runway and struck RVR (runway visual range) equipment. According to the pilot's statement he, '...made [a] normal approach to runway 27 left. All system indicated normal. Upon touchdown and roll out all was ok for 3-4 hundred feet- [right] gear collapsed...unable to hold aircraft on runway...nose hit RVR antenna swinging aircraft more right to catch right wing and remove tip tank. Left gear collapsed as aircraft came to rest.' According to the FAA Inspector's statement, it was his opinion, on the day of the accident the aircraft was 'over gross weight on departure from Marsh Harbor...the pilot was experiencing radio problems... and I [FAA Inspector] believe he was flustered and annoyed...in the pattern he made an abrupt left turn to lineup with [runway] 27, and when he touched down on the runway the right gear immediately collapsed due to [side] overload.' In addition, both landing gear trunnions, where the retract mechanisms attached, were broken as if 'overloaded.'
Probable cause:
The pilot allowed the airplane to improperly touchdown on the right main landing gear, resulting in the gear collapsing, and subsequent impact with runway visual range equipment.
Final Report:

Crash of an Avro 748-378-2B in Stansted

Date & Time: Mar 30, 1998 at 2331 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-OJEM
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Stansted - Leeds-Bradford
MSN:
1791
YOM:
1982
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
40
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
6100
Captain / Total hours on type:
3950.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1100
Copilot / Total hours on type:
250
Aircraft flight hours:
18352
Aircraft flight cycles:
19122
Circumstances:
Immediately after take-off from London (Stansted) Airport, on a night flight with 30 passengers and 4 crew on board, an uncontained failure of the right engine occurred. This resulted in sudden power loss and a major engine bay fire. The commander elected to land back on the runway. The aircraft overran the paved surface, and uneven ground in the overrun area caused the nose landing gear to collapse. After the aircraft had come to rest, with the engine bay fire continuing, the crew organized a rapid evacuation and all the occupants escaped, with little or no injury. The engine bay fire was extinguished by the Airport Fire Service (AFS), but fuel release continued for some hours.
Probable cause:
The engine failure was caused by high-cycle fatigue cracking of the High Pressure (HP) turbine disc. Four similar Dart turbine failures had occurred over the previous 26 year period. These had been attributed to a combination of turbine entry flow distortion and turbine blade wear. The following causal factors were identified:
- Significant reduction in the fatigue strength f the HP turbine disc due to surface corrosion,
- Inadequate control of the fit between engine turbine assembly seal members, possibly influenced by inadequate turbine clamping blot fit, causing sufficient reduction in the natural frequency of an HP turbine disc vibratory mode to allow its excitation within the normal operating speed range and consequent excessive stressing of the disc,
- Fuel leakage from the engine bay fuel system, resulting in a major nacelle fire,
- Failure to identify the turbine assembly seal member fit and HP turbine disc corrosion as possible contributors to disc fatigue damage after previous similar failures.
Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-32 in Piura: 28 killed

Date & Time: Mar 29, 1998 at 0935 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OB-1389
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tumbes - Piura
MSN:
1203
YOM:
1987
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
50
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
28
Circumstances:
The aircraft was engaged in an humanitarian flight from Tumbes to Piura, evacuating flood victims. The aircraft departed Tumbes-Pedro Canga Rodríguez on a flight to Piura with 50 passengers and five crew members on board. On final approach to Piura-Capitán Guillermo Concha Iberico Airport, the right engine failed. The aircraft lost height and crashed on the shore of an irrigation canal located less than 400 metres short of runway 01. The aircraft broke in two and was destroyed, killing 28 occupants.
Probable cause:
Failure of the right engine for unknown reasons. At the time of the accident, the aircraft was heavily loaded.

Crash of an Airbus A320-214 in Bacolod: 3 killed

Date & Time: Mar 22, 1998 at 1941 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RP-C3222
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Manila - Bacolod
MSN:
708
YOM:
1997
Flight number:
PR137
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
124
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
5048
Captain / Total hours on type:
74.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2886
Copilot / Total hours on type:
147
Aircraft flight hours:
1240
Aircraft flight cycles:
1070
Circumstances:
Flight PR137 was a regular scheduled passenger flight and departed Manila for Bacolod at 18:40. The airplane departed with the thrust reverser of engine n°1 inoperative. At 19:20, PR137 called Bacolod Approach Control and reported passing FL260 and 55 DME to Bacolod . The crew then requested landing instructions and was instructed to descend to FL90 after passing Iloilo and descend to 3,000 feet for a VOR runway 04 approach. Wind was 030° at 08 kts, altimeter 1014 mbs, transition level at FL60 and temperature at 28°C. At 19:28, the flight requested to intercept the final approach to runway 04 and Approach Control replied "PR 137 visual approach on final". At 19:37, Bacolod Tower cleared the flight to land at runway 04 and the clearance was acknowledged by the pilot. The approach was flown with the Autothrust system was engaged in SPEED mode. The thrust lever of engine no.1 was left in Climb detent. Upon touchdown the first officer called out "no spoilers, no reverse, no decel". Engine no.2 was set to full reverse thrust after touchdown, but the engine no .1 thrust lever was not retarded to idle and remained in the climb power position. Consequently, the spoilers did not deploy. Because one engine was set to reverse, the autothrust system automatically disengaged. With the autothrust disengaged, no. 1 engine thrust increased to climb thrust. Due to the asymmetrical thrust condition, the A320 ran off the right side of the runway. At this speed, rudder and nosewheel steering are ineffective. Engine no.2 was moved out of reverse up to more than 70 percent N1 and the airplane swerved back onto the runway. The A320 continued past the runway end. The aircraft hit the airport perimeter fence and then jumped over a small river. It continued to slice through a hallow block fence where it went through several clusters of shanties and trees. No fire ensued after the crash.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of this accident was the inability of the pilot flying to assess properly the situational condition of the aircraft immediately upon touch down with n°1 engine reverse inoperative, thereby causing an adverse flight condition of extreme differential power application during the landing roll resulting in runway excursion and finally an overshoot. Contributory to this accident is the apparent lack of technical systems knowledge and lack of appreciation of the disastrous effects of misinterpreting provisions and requirements of a Minimum Equipment List (MEL).
Final Report: