Scheduled Revenue Flight

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

City

Schedule:

Boston - Los Angeles

MSN:

21873

YOM:

1983

Flight number:

UA175

Location:

New York

Country:

United States of America

Region:

North America

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Aircraft flight hours:

66647

Aircraft flight cycles:

17569

Circumstances:

The Boeing 767 departed Boston-Logan Airport at 0814LT on a regular schedule service to Los Angeles, carrying 56 passengers and a crew of nine. Few minutes later, the aircraft was hijacked by terrorists who modified the flight path and flew direct over New York. At 0903LT, the aircraft struck the South Tower of the World Trade Center, between 78th and 84th floor. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 65 occupants were killed. The tower later collapsed. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 are under the jurisdiction of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The Safety Board provided requested technical assistance to the FBI, and this material generated by the NTSB is under the control of the FBI. The Safety Board does not plan to issue a report or open a public docket.

Probable cause:

Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 767-223ER in New York: 92 killed

Date & Time: Sep 11, 2001 at 0845 LT

Type of aircraft:

Boeing 767-200

Operator:

Registration:

N334AA

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

City

Schedule:

Boston - Los Angeles

MSN:

22332

YOM:

1987

Flight number:

AA011

Location:

New York

Country:

United States of America

Region:

North America

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Aircraft flight hours:

58350

Aircraft flight cycles:

11789

Circumstances:

The Boeing 767 departed Boston-Logan at 0759LT on a regular schedule service to Los Angeles, carrying 81 passengers and a crew of 11. Few minutes later, the aircraft was hijacked by terrorists who modified the flight path and flew direct over New York. At 0845LT, the aircraft struck the North Tower of the World Trade Center, between 94th and 99th floor. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 92 occupants were killed. The tower later collapsed. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 are under the jurisdiction of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The Safety Board provided requested technical assistance to the FBI, and this material generated by the NTSB is under the control of the FBI. The Safety Board does not plan to issue a report or open a public docket.

Probable cause:

Final Report:

Crash of a Saab 340B in Tijuana

Date & Time: Sep 6, 2001 at 1235 LT

Type of aircraft:

Saab 340

Operator:

Registration:

XA-ACK

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Tijuana-General Abelardo L. Rodríguez

Site:

Plain, Valley

Schedule:

Ciudad Juárez – Tijuana

MSN:

183

YOM:

1990

Flight number:

SLI2130

Location:

Baja California

Country:

Mexico

Region:

Central America

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

While descending to Tijuana-General Abelardo L. Rodríguez Airport in good weather conditions, the crew informed ATC about the failure of both engines. The captain attempted an emergency landing in an open field located in the Las Palmas Valley, about 24 km from Tijuana Airport. The aircraft slid on its belly for few dozen metres and came to rest. All 32 occupants escaped uninjured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Probable cause:

Double engine failure in flight for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Casa-Nurtanio CN-235-200 (IPTN) in Málaga: 4 killed

Date & Time: Aug 29, 2001 at 1016 LT

Type of aircraft:

Casa-Nurtanio CN-235 (IPTN)

Operator:

Registration:

EC-FBC

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Melilla – Málaga

MSN:

C-033

YOM:

1990

Flight number:

AX8261

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

7372

Captain / Total hours on type:

4166.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

8485

Copilot / Total hours on type:

4885

Aircraft flight hours:

14577

Aircraft flight cycles:

20780

Circumstances:

Following an uneventful flight from Melilla, the crew was cleared to descend to Málaga-Pablo Ruiz Picasso Airport. On final approach to runway 32, the crew encountered an unexpected situation when the engine fire warning light came on in the cockpit panel, indicating a fire on the left engine. The copilot informed ATC and after he declared an emergency, was cleared to land on runway 32. On short final, both engines stopped. The aircraft stalled and crashed 538 metres short of runway threshold and came to rest against the embankment of a motorway. The captain and three passengers were killed while all other occupants were injured, some of them seriously. The aircraft was destroyed.

Probable cause:

It is considered that the cause of the accident was the incorrect execution, by the crew, of the emergency procedure of fire or serious damage to an engine contained in the Flight Operations Manual that was on board the aircraft, causing the consecutive shutdown of both engines with the consequent total loss of thrust, so that the progression of the flight was impeded. The activation of the emergency procedure occurred as a consequence of a left engine fire warning which turned out to be false. The appearance of the false fire warning could be caused by the presence of moisture and/or dirt in the connectors of the fire detector circuit. It is considered that a contributing factor to these circumstances could be the definition of maintenance tasks for that system in the Aircraft Maintenance Manual, which was not compliant to the methods recommended by the manufacturer of the fire detection system to avoid the existence of humidity in the installation. As factors that could have contributed to the incorrect performance of the crew during the application of the emergency procedure, the following are considered:
- A lack of coordination in the piloting tasks, carried out in the absence of 'Crew Resource Management" criteria.
- Insufficient training for the cockpit change received by the copilot, which did not include simulator training for the application of emergency procedures.

Final Report:

Crash of a BAc 111-412EB in Libreville

Date & Time: Aug 28, 2001

Type of aircraft:

BAc 111

Operator:

Eagle Aviation - Nigeria

Registration:

5N-BDC

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

MSN:

111

YOM:

1967

Location:

Libreville

Estuaire (Libreville)

Country:

Gabon

Region:

Africa

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

After landing at Libreville-Léon M'Ba Airport, the aircraft encountered difficulties to stop within the remaining distance. It overran, lost its nose gear and came to rest few dozen metres further. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Probable cause:

It was reported that both thrust reverser systems were inoperative.

Ground accident of a Boeing 747-368 in Kuala Lumpur

Date & Time: Aug 23, 2001 at 2208 LT

Type of aircraft:

Boeing 747-300

Operator:

Registration:

HZ-AIO

Flight Phase:

Taxiing

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Gran Propeller - Victoria Air

Schedule:

Kuala Lumpur - Jeddah

MSN:

23266

YOM:

1985

Flight number:

SV3830

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Following technical problems with the engines, the aircraft was transferred to a hangar at Kuala Lumpur for maintenance. In the evening, a team of six technicians was dispatched to convoy the aircraft to the main terminal where 319 passengers should embark on a flight to Jeddah. While on a taxiway, the engineers attempted to turn to another taxiway when control was lost. The aircraft veered off taxiway and came to rest, nose first, in a drainage ditch. All six occupants were injured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. At the time of the accident, only the engine n°2 and 3 only were running and it is believed that the auxiliary hydraulic pump switches were in the OFF position. Thus, the nosewheel steering system was inoperative as well as the brakes.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-28 near Bukavu: 4 killed

Date & Time: Aug 23, 2001

Type of aircraft:

PZL-Mielec AN-28

Operator:

Registration:

3C-LLA

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Democratic Republic of Congo

Site:

Plain, Valley

Schedule:

Bukavu – Kama – Kampene

MSN:

1AJ005-22

YOM:

1989

Location:

Bukavu

Sud-Kivu

Country:

Region:

Africa

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Eight minutes after takeoff from Kama, en route to Kampene, one of the engine failed. The crew decided to divert to Bukavu that was distant of 225 km from Kama. While descending to Bukavu-Kavumu Airport, the aircraft stalled and crashed in a wooded area located about 20 km from the airport. Both pilots and two passengers were killed while seven other occupants were injured, some critically. At the time of the accident, weather conditions in Kama and Bukavu were considered as good. For unknown reasons, the crew decided to divert to Bukavu instead of returning to Kama following an engine failure. It is believed that the second engine failed as well as approaching Bukavu Airport, causing the aircraft to stall and to crash. The aircraft was apparently overloaded and was carrying arms and ammunition.

Probable cause:

Engine failure for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Boeing 727-2N8A in Asmara

Date & Time: Aug 1, 2001 at 0700 LT

Type of aircraft:

Boeing 727-200

Operator:

Registration:

7O-ACW

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Cessna 208B Grand Caravan

Schedule:

Sana'a - Asmara

MSN:

21845

YOM:

1979

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

132

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Following an uneventful flight from Sana'a, the three engine aircraft landed on runway 25 at Asmara-Johannes IV Airport. After touchdown on a wet runway surface, the crew started the braking procedure and the thrust reverser systems were activated. Unable to stop within the remaining distance (runway 25 is 3 km long), the aircraft overran and collided with a concrete block, causing the left main gear to be torn off. All 140 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. At the time of the accident, wind was from 200 at 6 knots and the runway surface was wet due to recent rain falls. The exact touchdown point could not be determined and all braking systems were available and properly used after landing. The aircraft collided with a concrete block located beside a runway light just past the runway end.

Crash of a Cessna 208B Grand Caravan in Viacha

Date & Time: Jul 10, 2001 at 1646 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

CP-2395

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors: