Crash of a Beechcraft 99 Airliner in Liège: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jun 30, 1999 at 0441 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
D-IBEX
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Luton - Frankfurt
MSN:
U-45
YOM:
1968
Flight number:
EXT114
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
En route from Luton to Frankfurt, while on a night cargo service (flight EXT114), at an altitude of 11,000 feet, the crew declared an emergency after both engines failed almost simultaneously. The crew was cleared to divert to the nearest airport that was Liège-Bierset. After being cleared to descend to FL60, the crew contacted Brussels ATC and was vectored for an approach to runway 23L. Due to the critical situation, the crew requested a straight-in approach. While descending to the airport, the aircraft crashed in a wooded area located near Seraing, about nine km southeast of the airport. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and both pilots were killed.
Probable cause:
Both engines failed in flight due to poor maintenance. The following contributing factors were identified:
- The crew failed to follow the operator published procedures,
- There was a misunderstanding between the crew and ATC,
- Lack of visibility due to night conditions.
Final Report:

Crash of an Airbus A320-211 in Warsaw: 2 killed

Date & Time: Sep 14, 1993 at 1643 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
D-AIPN
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Frankfurt - Warsaw
MSN:
105
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
LH2904
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
64
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
12778
Captain / Total hours on type:
1440.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
11361
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1595
Aircraft flight hours:
7546
Aircraft flight cycles:
6721
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Frankfurt, the crew started the descent to Warsaw-Okecie Airport in poor weather conditions with thunderstorm activity, wind shear, rain falls and CB's. After being cleared to land on runway 11, the wind component changed during the last seconds. The right main gear touched down 770 metres past the runway threshold (aircraft's speed was 170 knots). The left main gear touched down 9 seconds later, 1,525 metres past the runway threshold. On a wet runway, the crew started the braking procedure and activated the thrust reversers and spoilers but the remaining distance was insufficient. At a speed of 72 knots, the aircraft overran, went down an embankment, lost its left engine and came to rest 90 metres further, bursting into flames. A female passenger and the captain were killed while all other occupants were rescued, among them 51 were seriously injured. The aircraft was destroyed by a post crash fire.
Probable cause:
Cause of the accident were incorrect decisions and actions of the flight crew taken in situation when the information about windshear at the approach to the runway was received. Wind shear was produced by the front just passing the aerodrome; the front was accompanied by intensive variation of wind parameters as well as by heavy rain on the aerodrome itself. Actions of the flight crew were also affected by design features of the aircraft which limited the feasibility of applying available braking systems as well as by insufficient information in the aircraft operations manual (AOM) relating to the increase of the landing distance.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-10-30 in Dallas

Date & Time: May 21, 1988 at 1612 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N136AA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Dallas - Frankfurt
MSN:
47846
YOM:
1972
Flight number:
AA070
Crew on board:
14
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
240
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
15660
Captain / Total hours on type:
2025.00
Aircraft flight hours:
61322
Aircraft flight cycles:
12864
Circumstances:
A rejected takeoff was attempted when the slat disagree light illuminated and the takeoff warning horn sounded at 166 knots (V1). The pilot aborted the takeoff, but the aircraft accelerated to 178 knots ground speed before it began to decelerate. The deceleration was normal until 130 knots where an unexpected rapid decay in the deceleration occurred. The aircraft ran off the end of the runway at 95 knots, the nose gear collapsed, and the aircraft came to a stop 1,100 feet beyond the end of the runway. Eight of the ten brake sets failed. Post-accident exam of the brakes revealed that excessive brake wear occurred during the rejected takeoff. Testing showed that dc-10 worn brakes have a much greater wear rate during an rto. The faa does not require worn brake testing. Douglas did not use brake wear data from rto certification tests to set more conservative brake wear replacement limits. New brakes were used for those tests. All 254 occupants were evacuated, among them eight were injured, two seriously. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: airframe/component/system failure/malfunction
Phase of operation: takeoff
Findings
1. (f) flt control syst, wing slat system - false indication
----------
Occurrence #2: airframe/component/system failure/malfunction
Phase of operation: takeoff - aborted
Findings
2. Aborted takeoff - attempted
3. Airspeed (v1) - exceeded
4. (c) landing gear, normal brake system - inadequate
5. (c) acft/equip, inadequate aircraft component - manufacturer
6. (c) inadequate substantiation process - manufacturer
7. (c) inadequate certification/approval, aircraft - faa (organization)
8. Landing gear, normal brake system - worn
9. (c) landing gear, normal brake system - failure, total
----------
Occurrence #3: overrun
Phase of operation: takeoff - aborted
Findings
10. Terrain condition - soft
11. Object - approach light/navaid
----------
Occurrence #4: nose gear collapsed
Phase of operation: takeoff - aborted
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 414 Chancellor in Obernburg am Main: 3 killed

Date & Time: Mar 17, 1985 at 1945 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N8154Q
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Leeds - Frankfurt
MSN:
414-0054
YOM:
1970
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The pilot was preparing to land to Frankfurt-Main Airport by night when the twin engine aircraft crashed in unknown circumstances in a wooded area located one km southeast of Obernburg am Main, some 45 km southeast of Frankfurt-Main Airport. The aircraft was destroyed and all three occupants were killed.

Ground accident of a Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle IIIA in Frankfurt

Date & Time: Mar 12, 1979
Operator:
Registration:
F-BHRL
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Frankfurt - Lyon
MSN:
31
YOM:
1960
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
35
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While taxiing at Frankfurt-Main Airport, the pilot-in-command lost control of the airplane that collided with a fence and ground lights marking construction work before coming to rest. The right wing was seriously damaged and a tank was punctured, causing 500 liters of fuel to leak on the ground. All 41 occupants were evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Douglas DC-10-30C in New York

Date & Time: Nov 12, 1975 at 1310 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N1032F
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
New York - Frankfurt - Jeddah
MSN:
46826
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
OV032
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
128
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
25000
Captain / Total hours on type:
2000.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
14500
Copilot / Total hours on type:
450
Aircraft flight hours:
8193
Circumstances:
The airplane was engaged in a positioning flight from New York to Jeddah via Frankfurt, carrying ONA employees only. The aircraft taxied to runway 13R and commenced takeoff at 13:10. Shortly after accelerating through 100 knots, but before reaching the V1 speed, a flock of birds were seen to rise from the runway. The aircraft struck many birds and the takeoff was rejected. Bird strikes had damaged the no. 3 engine's fan blades, causing rotor imbalance. Fan-booster stage blades began rubbing on the epoxy micro balloon shroud material; pulverized material then entered into the engine's HPC area, ignited and caused the compressor case to separate. A fire erupted in the right wing and no. 3 engine pylon. The aircraft couldn't be stopped on the runway. The pilot-in-command steered the aircraft off the runway onto taxiway Z at a 40 knots speed. The main undercarriage collapsed and the aircraft came to rest against the shoulder of the taxiway. The successful evacuation may be partially attributed to the fact that nearly all passengers were trained crew members.
Probable cause:
The disintegration and subsequent fire in the No.3 engine when it ingested a large number of seagulls. Following the disintegration of the engine, the aircraft failed to decelerate effectively because:
- The n°3 hydraulic system was inoperative, which caused the loss of the n°2 brake system and braking torque to be reduced 50%,
- The n°3 engine thrust reversers were inoperative,
- At least three tyres disintegrated,
- The n°3 system spoiler panels on each wing could not deploy,
- The runway surface was wet.
The following factors contributed to the accident:
- The bird-control program at John F. Kennedy airport did not effectively control the bird hazard on the airport,
- The FAA and the General Electric Company failed to consider the effects of rotor imbalance on the abradable epoxy shroud material when the engine was tested for certification.
Final Report:

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40FG in Saarbrücken

Date & Time: Feb 19, 1975 at 1714 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
D-BOBD
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Frankfurt - Saarbrücken
MSN:
9 23 03 23
YOM:
1972
Flight number:
LH1745
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
12
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The airplane was completing flight LH1745 from Frankfurt to Saarbrücken on behalf of Lufthansa. After touchdown on wet runway 27, the crew started the braking procedure but the airplane was unable to stop within the remaining distance. It overran and eventually collided with several trees. All 16 occupants were rescued, two passengers were slightly injured. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
At the time of the accident, the runway surface was wet and the braking coefficient was reduced. It was determined that only the reverse system on engine n°2 was activated. For undetermined reason, reversers on engines n°1 and 3 were not deployed. In such conditions, braking action was poor.

Crash of a Beechcraft 65 King Air B90 near Königstein im Taunus: 6 killed

Date & Time: Jan 22, 1971 at 1522 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
D-ILTU
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Frankfurt - Fritzlar
MSN:
LJ-359
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Frankfurt-Main Airport at 1512LT on a flight to Fritzlar Airport, carrying four passengers and a crew of two. During initial climb, bound to the north, the crew encountered poor visibility due to fog. While climbing to an altitude of 2,000 feet, the twin engine airplane struck trees and crashed onto the slope of Mt Altkönig (798 meters high) located about 3,5 km north of Königstein im Taunus, some 20 km north of Frankfurt Airport. The aircraft was destroyed and all six occupants were killed, among them two pilots, one employee of the German construction company Heitkamp and three representatives of the city of Wattenscheid.
Crew:
Alfred Krummlauf, pilot,
Rolf Brennholt, pilot.
Passengers:
Erwin Topp, Mayor of the city of Wattenscheid,
Georg Schmitz, Director of the city of Wattenscheid,
Kurt Wille, Head of construction of the city of Wattenscheid,
Josef Peckelsen, authorized representative of the Heitkamp Company.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of a Boeing 707-373C in Tel Aviv

Date & Time: Nov 30, 1970 at 0255 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N790TW
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tel Aviv – Frankfurt – New York
MSN:
18738
YOM:
1964
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
15700
Captain / Total hours on type:
4200.00
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll from runway 30 at Tel Aviv-Lod Airport by night, just before V1 speed, the crew saw an Israel Air Force Boeing KC-97G Stratotanker that was towed across the active runway. The pilot-in-command initiated an immediate takeoff when the left wing struck the Stratotanker. On impact, both airplanes caught fire and exploded. While all three crew members on board the 707 survived, both technicians on board the KC-97 were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that ATC cleared the mechanics of KC-97 to cross the active runway when they had just allowed the TWA crew to take off from the same runway. It was determined that the time elapsed between both clearances was too short and that ATC failed to pay sufficient attention to potential traffic. Lack of coordination and poor visibility due to the night were considered as contributing factors.
Final Report:

Crash of a Vickers 815 Viscount in Luxembourg

Date & Time: Dec 22, 1969
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
LX-LGC
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Frankfurt - Luxembourg
MSN:
376
YOM:
1959
Flight number:
LG303
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft landed on a slippery runway due to wet snow. It went out of control, veered off runway and lost its nose gear before coming to rest. All occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.