Crash of an Antonov AN-24 at Tapa AFB: 21 killed

Date & Time: Apr 19, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Pärnu - Tapa
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
15
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
21
Circumstances:
The airplane was completing a flight from Pärnu to Tapa AFB, carrying six crew members and 15 Sukhoi SU-9 pilots. On final approach, the crew encountered poor visibility due to snow showers and failed to realize his altitude was too low when a wing struck the chimney of a spirit factory. Out of control, the airplane crashed in flames in a field located less than 3 km from runway threshold, in Moe. The aircraft was destroyed and all 21 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Poor planned approach on part of the flying crew.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24 in Kiev: 48 killed

Date & Time: Dec 17, 1976 at 2130 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-46722
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chernivtsi - Kiev
MSN:
3 73 003 02
YOM:
1963
Flight number:
SU36N
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
50
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
48
Aircraft flight hours:
27244
Aircraft flight cycles:
24754
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Chernivtsi, the crew started the descent to Kiev-Zhuliany Airport in limited visibility due to foggy conditions and snow. On final approach, at a distance of 2,500 metres from runway threshold, the airplane descended below the glideslope. The crew continued the approach and passed below the decision height while he did not have the runway in sight. The airplane struck the concrete base of the inner marker located 1,265 metres short of runway, rolled for 115 metres and crashed on a railway embankment. Seven occupants were seriously injured while 48 others were killed. At the time of the accident, the horizontal visibility was 600 metres and the vertical visibility was 50 metres.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who descended below the decision height without any visual contact with the runway in limited visibility until the aircraft contacted ground. Deficiencies and inadequacies by ATC at Kiev-Zhuliany Airport were considered as contributing factors as informations transmitted to the crew did not reflect the truth.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24RV off Anapa: 52 killed

Date & Time: Sep 9, 1976 at 1351 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-46518
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Gomel - Donetsk - Sotchi
MSN:
37308504
YOM:
1973
Flight number:
SU7957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
47
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Aircraft flight hours:
6107
Aircraft flight cycles:
4626
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing the second leg from its Gomel - Donetsk - Sochi flight in limited visibility due to cloudy conditions when, at an altitude of 5,700 metres, it collided with an Aeroflot Yakovlev Yak-40. Registered CCCP-87772, the Yak was flying from Rostov-on-Don to Kerch with 18 people on board. Following the collision, both aircraft entered a dive and crashed into the Black Sea about 37 km south of Anapa. Both aircraft sank by a depth of about 500 metres and none of the 70 occupants survived the crash.
Probable cause:
The in-flight collision was the consequence of mistakes committed by the air traffic controller in charge of the western sector of the Krasnodar area who violated the published procedures and failed to provide the minimum separation of 600 meters required for both aircraft prior to transfer them to the Anapa sector. The lack of visibility due to significant cloud cover was considered as a contributing factor, as well as poor ATC coordination between various sectors.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24B in Guryev

Date & Time: Aug 13, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-47734
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
6 99 010 02
YOM:
1976
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
38
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On a night approach to Guryev Airport (now Atyrau), the aircraft passed below the glide path following an error on part of the flying crew and hit the ground at a speed of 210 km/h some 45 meters short of the runway threshold. The aircraft bounced twice and hit the runway surface on a nose down attitude, causing the nose gear to hit the runway with a positive acceleration force of 3,5 g. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair while all 43 occupants were unhurt.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the pilot-in-command.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24RV in Viktorivka: 52 killed

Date & Time: May 15, 1976 at 1048 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-46534
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Vinnitsa – Moscow
MSN:
57310108
YOM:
1975
Flight number:
SU1802
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
46
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
52
Aircraft flight hours:
2976
Aircraft flight cycles:
2328
Circumstances:
On a flight from Vinnitsa to Moscow-Bykovo, while cruising at an altitude of 5,700 meters, the crew disengaged the autopilot system when the sliding cylinder of the MP-100 rudder trimming device deployed by 22.5 mm immediately, causing the rudder to move to the right, reaching the maximum position of 25° within one second. The aircraft went out of control, entered a spin and crashed at a speed of 350 km/h and a nose-down attitude of 50° in a field located 500 metres southeast of Viktorivka, 14.8 km southeast of Chernihiv Airport. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all 52 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Failure of the rudder trimming device during cruise flight. This may have been caused by a technical issue on the electrical system or an unintended pressure of the trim control switch by one of the crew members while the autopilot system was still ON.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24B in Havana: 5 killed

Date & Time: Mar 18, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CU-T879
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Havana - Havana
MSN:
67302501
YOM:
1976
Country:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
The crew departed Havana-José Martí-Rancho Boyeros Airport on a local training mission. After it entered the approach path, the twin engine airplane collided with a Cubana Douglas DC-8-43. Registered CU-T1200, the DC-8 was approaching the same airport following an uneventful flight from Montreal with 13 passengers and a crew of 16 on board. Following the collision, the Antonov AN-24 went out of control, dove into the ground and crashed in flames. All five occupants were killed. The crew of the DC-8 was able to continue the approach and to land without further problems. All 29 occupants escaped uninjured but the aircraft was considered as damaged beyond repair after the engine n°1 was torn off as well as a part of the left wing.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24RV in Saratov

Date & Time: Mar 10, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-46613
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Ufa – Saratov
MSN:
3 73 086 10
YOM:
1973
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
52
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On a night approach to Saratov-Tsentralny Airport, the pilot allowed the aircraft to drop below the glide path. The twin engine aircraft hit the runway surface with a positive acceleration of 2.35 g, bounced and nosed down prior to hit the runway a second time with a positive acceleration of 3 g. The aircraft went out of control, veered off runway to the left and came to rest in flames in a grassy area. While the aircraft was destroyed, all 57 occupants were evacuated safely.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part the of the crew who failed to follow the approved and published procedures.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24 in Shanghai: 40 killed

Date & Time: Jan 21, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-492
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Guangzhou – Changsha – Hangzhou – Shanghai
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
36
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
40
Circumstances:
While descending to Shanghai-Hongqiao Airport, the airplane crashed in unknown circumstances few km from the airfield. All 40 occupants were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24B in Leningrad

Date & Time: Jan 13, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-47280
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Riga – Leningrad – Kirov
MSN:
0 73 064 10
YOM:
1970
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
39
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
11711
Aircraft flight cycles:
8920
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a flight from Riga to Kirov with an intermediate stop in Leningrad. The approach was started by night and below minima-weather conditions. On final approach, the aircraft dropped below the glide path and the captain switched off the ground proximity warning system so the aircraft hit tree tops some 1,700 metres before the inner marker, stalled and crashed in a wooded area located 2,165 metres before the runway threshold. All 5 crew members and 23 of the 39 passengers were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The crew decided to complete the approach while the weather conditions were below minima. Following a wrong approach configuration, the captain allowed the aircraft to drop below the glide path and switched off the GPWS' alarm that was sounding in the cockpit, causing the aircraft to collide with trees and to crash.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24B in Sofia: 3 killed

Date & Time: Nov 22, 1975
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
LZ-ANA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sofia - Varna
MSN:
67302708
YOM:
1966
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
42
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
While parked on apron at Sofia-Vrazhdebna Airport, the airplane was deiced and the snow was removed before the crew was cleared to taxi to runway 10 for takeoff. However, the runway was closed for snow removal. When this was done, the crew was cleared for takeoff and just after liftoff from runway 10, the airplane encountered difficulties to gain height, stalled and crashed on a bank of the Iskar River located by the airport. The copilot was killed and two passengers drowned. All other occupants were rescued, some of them were injured.
Probable cause:
The hold over time (HOT) between the deicing time and the takeoff time was too long and a significant amount of snow accumulated on the fuselage, wings and all critical surfaces. In such conditions, the aircraft was unable to take off. The crew failed to request a second deicing.