Ground explosion of a Tupolev TU-134A in Sukhumi: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 23, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
4L-65001
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sukhumi - Tbilisi
MSN:
42235
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
24
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
While parked at Sukhumi-Babushara Airport, the aircraft was struck by a mortar shell, caught fire and exploded. The captain was killed and 29 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Destroyed by a mortar shell.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B in Sukhumi: 108 killed

Date & Time: Sep 22, 1993 at 1830 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
4L-85163
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tbilisi - Sukhumi
MSN:
76A163
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
120
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
108
Circumstances:
On final approach to Sukhumi-Babushara Airport, the aircraft was shot down by a surface-to-air missile and crashed near the runway threshold, bursting into flames. 24 people survived while 108 others were killed. All passengers were Georgian soldiers and policeman dispatched to Sukhumi.
Probable cause:
Shot down by a surface-to-air missile fired by Abkhazi separatists.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134A off Sukhumi: 27 killed

Date & Time: Sep 21, 1993 at 1625 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
4L-65893
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Sochi - Sukhumi
MSN:
53 40120
YOM:
1975
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
22
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
27
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a charter flight from Sochi to Sukhumi, carrying foreign and Russian journalists. On final approach to Babushara Airport, at a height of 300 metres, the aircraft was hit by a surface-to-air Strela missile and crashed in the bay of Sukhumi about 4 km offshore. All 27 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Shot down by a Strela missile fired by Abkhazi separatists based on a patrol boat.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B-1 in Leningrad: 13 killed

Date & Time: May 23, 1991 at 1306 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-85097
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sukhumi - Leningrad
MSN:
75A097
YOM:
1975
Flight number:
SU8556
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
174
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
13
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Sukhumi, the crew initiate the approach to Leningrad-Pulkovo Airport in heavy rain falls. At a distance of 7 km on approach, at an altitude of 400 meters and at a speed of 287 km/h, flaps were deployed to an angle of 45°. Fifteen seconds laters, at a distance of 5,700 meters, the crew was cleared to land and continued the approach when the aircraft passed below the glide. With a rate of descent of 7 meters per second and at a speed of 250 km/h, the aircraft struck the ground 13 meters short of runway threshold in a 1° nose down attitude and with a positive acceleration of 4,5 g. The aircraft broke in three parts and came to rest 80 meters to the left of the runway. 13 passengers were killed, 38 other occupants were injured and 130 escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Deviations in the actions of the crew during the approach procedure,
- Lack of crew coordination,
- Inconsistencies in crew actions during an instrument approach that resulted in a significant vertical deviation from the calculated descent trajectory and delayed actions to eliminate them,
- Lack of assistance from the approach controller,
- Decision of the crew to continue the approach maneuver instead of initiating a go-around procedure.

Crash of a Let L-410M in Poti: 6 killed

Date & Time: Mar 29, 1983 at 1518 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-67190
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Poti - Sukhumi
MSN:
78 11 19
YOM:
1978
Flight number:
SU070G
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
15
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Aircraft flight hours:
3206
Aircraft flight cycles:
6096
Circumstances:
14 seconds after liftoff from runway 10 at Poti Airport, while climbing to a height of 60 meters at a speed of 195 km/h, both engines lost 60% of power. While the power on the left engine increased to 94,5% 11 seconds later, the power on the right engine dropped to zero. The crew elected to feather the right propeller but this was not possible. The airplane lost height, started a descent and slightly turned to the right when, at a speed of 130 km/h, it struck 20 meters high trees and crashed in a wooded area located 450 meters past the runway end. Two pilots and four passengers were killed while 12 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the malfunction of the right engine was the consequence of a short-term failure of the rotor speed regulator, which forced the crew to shut down the engine and to feather the propeller. For unknown reasons, the propeller could not be feathered, causing drag that reduced the aircraft's speed and necessitating an emergency landing.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134A in Sukhumi

Date & Time: Aug 14, 1982 at 1809 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-65836
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sukhumi - Moscow-Vnukovo
MSN:
17113
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
SU974
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
76
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
17003
Aircraft flight cycles:
10406
Circumstances:
At 1808LT, the crew was cleared for takeoff from Sukhumi-Babushara runway 02. During the takeoff run, 26 seconds after it started to roll, at a speed of 195 km/h, the crew sighted a Let L-410M entering the runway. Registered CCCP-67191, the Let L-410 was engaged in a scheduled service (flight SU73G) to Kutaisi with two pilots and nine passengers on board. The captain of the Tupolev decided to abandon the takeoff maneuver and initiated an emergency braking procedure. Spoilers were deployed and revers systems were activated. He elected to turn to the left to reach an exit taxiway. In the same time, the crew of the Let saw the Tupolev coming from their right and increased engine power to move forward. Seven seconds after the crew of the Tupolev rejected takeoff, at a speed of 216 km/h, the right wing of the Tupolev struck the Let that was destroyed upon impact. The Tupolev rolled for about 514 meters then veered off runway to the left and came to rest 48 meters to the left of its centerline. All 82 people on board the TU-134 escaped uninjured while all 11 people on board the Let were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the collision was the consequence of a series of errors made by the crew of the Let L-410 who failed to follow ATC and ground controllers instructions regarding taxiing procedures prior to takeoff, which led them to enter the runway when he was not authorized to do so. A poor management in flights organization at Sukhumi Airport remains a contributing factor as well as few procedures violation on the part of ATC and ground controllers, among others concerning the use of a non-standard phraseology which may create confusion to the crew.

Crash of a Let L-410M in Sukhumi: 11 killed

Date & Time: Aug 14, 1982 at 1809 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-67191
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Sukhumi - Kutaisi
MSN:
78 11 20
YOM:
1978
Flight number:
SU73G
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
11
Aircraft flight hours:
2738
Aircraft flight cycles:
4098
Circumstances:
The Let L-410 departed the terminal and was approaching the runway to depart for a schedule service to Kutaisi, carrying nine passengers and a crew of two. At 1808LT, the crew of an Aeroflot Tupolev TU-134 registered CCCP-65836 was cleared for takeoff from runway 02. En route to Moscow-Vnukovo, the Tupolev was carrying 76 passengers and a crew of six. During the takeoff run, 26 seconds after it started to roll, at a speed of 195 km/h, the crew of the TU-134 sighted a Let L-410M entering the runway. The captain of the Tupolev decided to abandon the takeoff maneuver and initiated an emergency braking procedure. Spoilers were deployed and revers systems were activated. He elected to turn to the left to reach an exit taxiway. In the same time, the crew of the Let saw the Tupolev coming from their right and increased engine power to move forward. Seven seconds after the crew of the Tupolev rejected takeoff, at a speed of 216 km/h, the right wing of the Tupolev struck the Let that was destroyed upon impact. The Tupolev rolled for about 514 meters then veered off runway to the left and came to rest 48 meters to the left of its centerline. All 82 people on board the TU-134 escaped uninjured while all 11 people on board the Let were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the collision was the consequence of a series of errors made by the crew of the Let L-410 who failed to follow ATC and ground controllers instructions regarding taxiing procedures prior to takeoff, which led them to enter the runway when he was not authorized to do so. A poor management in flights organization at Sukhumi Airport remains a contributing factor as well as few procedures violation on the part of ATC and ground controllers, among others concerning the use of a non-standard phraseology which may create confusion to the crew.

Crash of a Let L-410M near Praskoveyevka: 18 killed

Date & Time: Jan 7, 1982 at 1335 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-67290
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Gelendzhik – Sukhumi
MSN:
78 11 01
YOM:
1977
Flight number:
SU96G
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
16
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
18
Aircraft flight hours:
1895
Aircraft flight cycles:
3747
Circumstances:
The twin engine airplane departed Gelendzhik Airport at 1325LT on a schedule service to Sukhumi, Georgia, carrying 16 passengers and two pilots. Weather at that time was marginal with rain falls and a relative low ceiling. Four minutes after takeoff, at 1329LT, the crew informed ATC he was leaving the airport area and his position was about 12 km from the airport at an altitude of 450 meters. Six minutes later, while flying in clouds, the airplane struck trees and crashed in a wooded area located 22 km southeast of Gelendzhik Airport, bursting into flames. The burned wreckage was found three days later, on January 10, near Praskoveyevka, at an altitude of 350 meters. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all 18 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew decided to continue the flight under VFR mode in adverse weather conditions and also failed to consider the wind component. This caused the aircraft to drift off course by 3,7 km to a mountainous area. While cruising in clouds at an insufficient altitude, the airplane contacted trees and crashed.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134B in Sochi

Date & Time: Jan 6, 1981
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-65698
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sukhumi - Sochi
MSN:
63325
YOM:
1980
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
1416
Aircraft flight cycles:
901
Circumstances:
The day prior to the accident, the aircraft was supposed to fly from Riga to Sochi but the flight was diverted to Sukhumi due to poor weather at destination. On the morning of January 6, the crew completed a positioning flight from Sukhumi to Sochi-Adler without any passengers on board. Following a wrong approach configuration, the aircraft landed at an excessive speed and after touchdown, the crew failed to use the brakes properly. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the airplane overran and came to a halt. All six crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who failed to follow the approach checklist. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Flaps and undercarriage were deployed too late during the approach procedure,
- Excessive speed on approach and touchdown,
- After landing, the crew failed to use brakes according to published procedures,
- Poor crew coordination.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 near Pskhu: 9 killed

Date & Time: Oct 16, 1978 at 0940 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-40553
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Pskhu - Sukhumi
MSN:
1G84-06
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
SU302G
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Aircraft flight hours:
8782
Aircraft flight cycles:
11072
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed the grassy runway at Pskhu Airport at 0925LT on a regular schedule service to Sukhumi and the crew was cleared to climb to 2,100 meters. About 15 minutes later, while cruising at an altitude of 1,450 meters in good weather conditions, the airplane went out of control, struck tree tops and crashed in flames in a wooded area located on the slope of Mt Dzishra (2,623 meters high) located 6 km south of the airfield. The aircraft was totally destroyed by fire and all nine occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined by the fact that the aircraft was totally consumed by fire. Nevertheless, a high concentration of carbon monoxide was found in both pilots blood and it is believed it may be the consequence of smoke spreading in the cabin due to a fire in a hand luggage containing films or a possible electrical short-circuit. The assumption that the loss of control was also the consequence of an in-flight collision with a flock of birds that struck the windshield and injured both pilots was not ruled out.