Crash of an Avro 748-106-1A in Pokhara

Date & Time: Nov 6, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
9N-ACM
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Kathmandu - Pokhara
MSN:
1549
YOM:
1963
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
44
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After landing at Pokhara Airport, the hydraulic system failed. The crew lost control of the airplane that veered off runway to the right and collided with a parked Nepal Airways Avro 748 registered 9N-ACW. All 48 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Cessna 402B in Fort Lauderdale

Date & Time: Nov 2, 1997 at 1745 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N69312
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Andros Town - Fort Lauderdale
MSN:
402B-0430
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5017
Captain / Total hours on type:
2175.00
Aircraft flight hours:
7482
Circumstances:
The pilot was on approach for landing when the right main landing gear did not indicate that it was down. The pilot made a go-around and remained in left closed traffic performing emergency gear extension procedures with negative results. The pilot departed closed traffic and proceeded offshore to burn off fuel before attempting an emergency landing. A company airplane was dispatched to verify the landing gear position. The pilot started a straight in approach for landing five miles from the airport. The right engine started surging and quit. The left engine started surging one mile from the runway. He switched fuel tanks. The engine started and quit. He made a forced landing straight ahead and collided with runway approach lights about 1/4 mile from the end of the runway. The pilot stated he ran out of fuel.
Probable cause:
The pilot's improper management of fuel resulting in a total loss of engine power on both engines due to fuel exhaustion.
Final Report:

Crash of a Swearingen SA226TC Metro II in Island Lake

Date & Time: Nov 2, 1997 at 1257 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C-FNKN
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Winnipeg - Island Lake
MSN:
TC-296
YOM:
1979
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Following a firm touchdown on a gravel airstrip at Island Lake Airport, the crew heard a noise when the left wing dropped. Suspecting a left main gear failure, the captain initiated a go-around procedure and decided to divert to another airport with better facilities. Shortly later, the hydraulic pressure was lost and fuel quantity began to drop rapidly. The crew decided to return to land at Island Lake. Upon touchdown, the left main gear collapsed and the aircraft veered off runway to the left before coming to rest. All 11 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. slid off the runway. The pilot reported a very strong cross wind and that he touched down with crab.
Probable cause:
The left main gear drag links may have failed in overload.

Crash of a Pilatus PC-6/B2-H2 Turbo Porter in Laon: 9 killed

Date & Time: Nov 1, 1997 at 1140 LT
Registration:
F-GHXS
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Laon - Laon
MSN:
620
YOM:
1966
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Captain / Total flying hours:
1192
Captain / Total hours on type:
24.00
Aircraft flight hours:
20315
Circumstances:
The single engine aircraft was engaged in a local skydiving flight on behalf of the CERP of Picardie. After takeoff from runway 35, while climbing to a height of about 1,000 feet, the aircraft rolled to the right, entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in a swampy area located about 1,500 metres east of the airfield. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all nine occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the result of a loss of pitch control of the aircraft following the appearance of extreme forces on the elevator control caused by placing the stabilizer in the full nose down position depth. The actions of the pilot on the flight controls led to this situation of aerodynamic locking of the elevator stabilizer control, presumably interpreted as a mechanical blockage of the system. This phenomenon, specific to airplanes equipped with such a stabilizer system depth and linked to the importance of the forces involved, was it not known to the pilot. The training on PC-6/B2-H4 that the pilot had followed as well as his weak experience on PC-6/B2-H2, associated with the ergonomics of the manual flaps and stabilizer, are contributing factors.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 707-323C in Kinshasa

Date & Time: Nov 1, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
9Q-CKK
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
19577
YOM:
1968
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On approach to Kinshasa-N'Djili Airport, the crew informed ATC that the nose gear was stuck in its wheel well and could not be lowered, even manually. The aircraft landed on its nose and slid on the runway before coming to rest. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Cessna 500 Citation I in Canela: 3 killed

Date & Time: Oct 31, 1997 at 1650 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PT-LQG
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Curitiba - Canela
MSN:
500-0271
YOM:
1975
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The approach to Canela Airport was completed in marginal weather conditions with rain falls and a visibility estimated to be 1,500 - 2,000 metres. The landing was completed with a tail wind component of 15-20 knots and the aircraft landed too far down a wet runway which is 1,250 metres long. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran, went down an embankment, crossed a road and came to rest against houses, bursting into flames. The aircraft was destroyed and all three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The following findings were reported:
- Wrong approach configuration,
- Marginal weather conditions with limited visibility due to rain falls,
- The crew completed the landing with a tailwind component of 15-20 knots,
- The runway surface was wet,
- The runway length was 1,250 metres only,
- The aircraft landed too far down the runway, reducing the landing distance available,
- The braking action was poor because the runway surface was wet,
- The crew failed to initiate a go-around procedure.

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 in Jalalabad: 2 killed

Date & Time: Oct 29, 1997
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
YA-KAE
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
9 44 10 37
YOM:
1974
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
20
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
Crashed on landing in unknown circumstances. A crew member and a passenger were killed.

Crash of a Fairchild-Hiller FH-227D in Ambato

Date & Time: Oct 28, 1997 at 1617 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HC-BUF
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Quito - Ambato
MSN:
573
YOM:
1968
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Quito-Mariscal Sucre Airport, the crew started the descent to Ambato Airport in good weather conditions but was stressed by the presence of another aircraft in the approach area. On approach, the aircraft was too high on the glide and its speed was 100 knots, about 12 knots above the reference speed. This caused the aircraft to land too far down the runway 19, about 900 metres past the runway threshold (Ambato's runway 19 is 2,000 metres long). After touchdown, the crew decided to initiate a go-around procedure and increased engine power. The aircraft adopted a high angle of attack, causing the base of the empennage to struck the runway surface. Out of control, the aircraft continued, overran and came to rest in a ravine located 60 metres past the runway end. All seven occupants escaped with minor injuries and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The following findings were reported:
- Wrong approach configuration as the aircraft was too high on the glide with an excessive speed,
- The aircraft landed too far down the runway, reducing the landing distance available,
- Poor flight planning,
- Poor crew coordination,
- The copilot failed to calculate properly the approach and landing speeds,
- The captain was not aware of the total weight of the aircraft upon landing,
- The operator failed to train the crew according to the specificities related to Ambato Airport,
- The operator failed to prepare documentation required for the operations at Ambato Airport,
- When the crew initiated the go-around procedure, the aircraft' speed was insufficient, and the input on the control column was sudden, causing the base of the empennage to struck the runway surface.

Crash of a Cessna 402B in Tampa: 3 killed

Date & Time: Oct 27, 1997 at 1510 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N69293
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sarasota - Tampa
MSN:
402B-0415
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
3050
Aircraft flight hours:
3622
Circumstances:
The flight had departed runway 32, under IFR, from a local reliever airport 35 miles south of the destination, and was cleared to intercept the ILS approach for runway 36R. Instrument meteorological conditions existed with a low scattered cloud layer beneath the 900 foot broken clouds. Visibility was 8 miles. The flight never stabilized on the inbound course and glide slope. After acquiring the runway visually, about 3 miles from the airport, the airplane dove for the runway, subsequently touching down with the landing gear retracted. The left propeller incurred greater damage than the right propeller. The airplane began to go around, pitched up, then entered a steep left, descending turn that continued until impact with the ground.
Probable cause:
The pilot's failure to follow the landing checklist and extend the landing gear for landing, and his failure to maintain VMC during a go-around. Factors were: the pilot's diverted attention due to a non-stabilized instrument approach and his lack of recent instrument experience.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-32 in Mexico City

Date & Time: Oct 15, 1997 at 2030 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XA-DEJ
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
47594
YOM:
1973
Country:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
67
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The base of the empennage struck the runway surface upon landing at Mexico City-Benito Juárez Airport. The aircraft was stopped on the runway and all 72 occupants evacuated safely. The aircraft was written off.