Crash of a Beechcraft E90 King Air in Wiscasset: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jun 10, 1996 at 0600 LT
Type of aircraft:
Beechcraft 90 King Air
Operator:
Ruma Advisory Company
Registration:
N916PA
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Executive/Corporate/Business
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Wiscasset - Philadelphia
MSN:
LW-313
YOM:
1979
Location:
Wiscasset
Maine
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
10516
Captain / Total hours on type:
1138.00
Aircraft flight hours:
6230
Circumstances:
The pilot took off on runway 07 and was cleared direct to the Wiscasset NDB, east of the airport. Shortly after takeoff, the airplane began turning to the left. The pilot then asked the controller, '. . . can you tell if I'm in a turn? I have a problem here.' Soon thereafter, the airplane collided with terrain in an uncontrolled descent, about 1.6 miles north of the airport. Investigation revealed that three days before the accident, a refueler had fueled the airplane's left wing with 840 pounds of fuel, then the fuel farm ran out of fuel. No further fueling was accomplished, and the pilot was not advised of the uneven fuel load. Procedures in the Beech E90 Pilot's Operating Manual (POM) included a check of the fuel tanks during preflight. The Beech C90 POM specified a maximum fuel imbalance of 200 pounds, but the E90 POM did not specify a maximum fuel imbalance. During examination of the wreckage, no preimpact malfunction or failure was found.
Probable cause:
Failure of the pilot to maintain control of the airplane while climbing after takeoff, due to spatial disorientation, which resulted in an uncontrolled descent and subsequent collision with terrain. Factors relating to the accident were: the improper refueling (servicing of the aircraft) by FBO personnel, and failure of the pilot to note the excessive lateral imbalance of the airplane during preflight.
Final Report:

Crash of an Ilyushin II-76MD in Kinshasa: 10 killed

Date & Time: Jun 6, 1996
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-76
Operator:
Hoseba
Registration:
UR-76539
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Cargo
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Kinshasa - Athens
MSN:
00334 42234
YOM:
1983
Location:
Kinshasa-N'Djili
Kinshasa City Province
Country:
Democratic Republic of Congo
Region:
Africa
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Aircraft flight hours:
2134
Aircraft flight cycles:
1358
Circumstances:
While taxiing backwards at Kinshasa-N'Djili Airport, the crew used thrust reversers and failed to extend the flaps prior to takeoff. During the takeoff roll, the pilot-in-command started the rotation when the nose gear lifted off. Despite the aircraft failed to take off, the crew did not reject the takeoff procedure and continued. The aircraft adopted a high nose up attitude and a super critical angle of attack. It rolled for about 3,800 metres, overran, rolled for another 800 metres when it struck irregularities on the ground. On impact, the right wing was torn off and the aircraft crashed, bursting into flames. All 10 occupants were killed. The aircraft was on its way to Athens, carrying a load consisting of engine and spare parts.
Probable cause:
The crew failed to prepare the flight according to published procedures and failed to extend flaps prior to takeoff. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Poor flight preparation,
- Poor crew coordination,
- Misunderstanding by the crew about the aircraft configuration,
- The pilot-in-command failed to reject takeoff.
- Crew's fatigue,
- The aircraft was not equipped with an alarm in case of wrong flaps' position.

Crash of a Learjet 25C in Ribeirão Preto: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jun 4, 1996 at 1320 LT
Type of aircraft:
Learjet 25
Operator:
Aeroexecutivos Taxi Aéreo
Registration:
PT-KBC
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Training
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
São Paulo – Uberaba – Ribeirão Preto
MSN:
25-165
YOM:
1974
Location:
Ribeirão Preto
São Paulo
Country:
Brazil
Region:
South America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
3500
Captain / Total hours on type:
250.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2000
Copilot / Total hours on type:
420
Circumstances:
The crew departed São Paulo on a training flight to Ribeirão Preto with an intermediate stop in Uberaba. On approach to Ribeirão Preto-Leite Lopes Airport, the instructor decided to reduce power on the left engine to simulate a failure and to complete a touch-and-go manoeuvre. After touchdown, the left engine power lever remained in the idle position so the captain took over control and attempted to take off as he judged it impossible to stop on the remaining runway. The aircraft took off but landed back about 92 metres past the runway end. Out of control, it collided with a truck and a tree and came to rest, bursting into flames. A man in the truck as well as one pilot were killed while three other pilots were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The following findings were reported:
- There are indications of the presence of psychological variables that may have influenced the instructor's decision to perform the touch-and-go manoeuvre.
- There was inadequate supervision, at the technical and operational level, by the aircraft operating company, due to the lack of training, inadequate instruction and absence of flight simulator training.
- There was an error made by the pilots due to the inadequate use of the crew resources in the cockpit intended for the operation of the aircraft, due to an ineffective fulfillment of the tasks assigned to each of the crew and the non-observance of the operational rules.
- Even though the crew was qualified for the type of flight, there was inadequate planning regarding the absence of a takeoff and landing briefing.
- There was an error made by the copilot, when the delay in reducing the power levers, as soon as the locking of the left engine lever was established during the dash on the ground, with an inadequate assessment of the situation in this regard.
- There was the participation of the training process received, due to quantitative and qualitative deficiency, which did not attribute to pilots the full technical conditions to be developed in the activity, regarding the lack of simulator training, lack of a company training program that included CRM and local flights, among others.
- There are indications that the difficulties reported by the pilots in relation to the throttle were caused by the rupture of fibers in the cable that transfers its control to the FCU. This cable slides inside a corrugated cover and can be jammed if any fiber in the cable breaks.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31T Cheyenne II in Malvern: 5 killed

Date & Time: May 29, 1996 at 1835 LT
Type of aircraft:
Piper PA-31 Cheyenne
Operator:
Registration:
N333LM
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Test
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Malvern - Malvern
MSN:
31-792005
YOM:
1979
Location:
Malvern
Arkansas
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Captain / Total flying hours:
7500
Captain / Total hours on type:
700.00
Aircraft flight hours:
4483
Circumstances:
After the completion of scheduled maintenance and a normal ground run up, the airplane departed the airport for a local test flight. Witnesses observed the airplane in a nose high attitude, turn to the left, and then saw the nose drop toward the ground approximately 1 1/2 miles from the departure end of the runway. The airplane impacted hilly terrain and was consumed by a post impact fire. Detailed examination of the airframe, engines, and propellers revealed no defects or anomalies that would have contributed to the accident.
Probable cause:
The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane after takeoff.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo off Stevensville

Date & Time: May 24, 1996 at 1055 LT
Type of aircraft:
Piper PA-31-310 Navajo
Operator:
Robert W. Childs
Registration:
N103RW
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Private
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Lake, Sea, Ocean, River
Schedule:
Stevensville - Laconia
MSN:
31-223
YOM:
1968
Location:
Stevensville
Maryland
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2000
Captain / Total hours on type:
600.00
Aircraft flight hours:
3812
Circumstances:
The pilot reported that he ran the engines to full power before releasing the brakes. Immediately after lift-off, when he retracted the landing gear, he noticed a dramatic loss of airspeed. The airplane began to rock back and forth, and the pilot's efforts to increase the airspeed including lowering the nose and adding full power was unsuccessful. According to the Piper Information Manual for a short field takeoff, a lift-off speed of 85 mph and 15 degree of flaps is required. The reported winds were 010 degrees at 7 knots. The pilot departed runway 29 which is 2910 feet long. A witness who was refueling an airplane on the ramp stated that the airplane was still on the runway at the 500 foot mark from the end of runway 29.
Probable cause:
The pilot's improper short field takeoff/procedure and selection of the wrong runway for takeoff.
Final Report:

Crash of an Embraer C-95A Bandeirante in Caravelas: 4 killed

Date & Time: May 19, 1996
Type of aircraft:
Embraer C-95 Bandeirante
Operator:
Registration:
2295
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Military
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
110-177
YOM:
1978
Location:
Caravelas
Bahia
Country:
Brazil
Region:
South America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
Crashed on takeoff for unknown reasons, killing all four occupants.

Crash of a Beechcraft B200 Super King Air in Treasure Cay: 2 killed

Date & Time: May 15, 1996 at 0130 LT
Type of aircraft:
Beechcraft 200 Super King Air
Operator:
R&B Leasing
Registration:
N1865D
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Private
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
BB-1119
YOM:
1983
Location:
Treasure Cay
Central Abaco
Country:
Bahamas
Region:
Central America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
On May 15, 1996, about 0130 eastern daylight time, a Beech 200, N1865D, registered to R&B Leasing INC., crashed shortly after takeoff from the Treasure Cay International Airport, Treasure Cay, Bahamas. Weather conditions at the time of the accident are not available and no flight plan was filed for the 14 CFR Part 91 flight. The airplane was destroyed and the pilot and co-pilot were fatally injured. It was reported that at the time of the accident the airplane was being stolen from the Treasure Cay International Airport, Treasure Cay, Bahamas.

Crash of a Boeing 727-2B6 in Quito

Date & Time: May 1, 1996 at 1656 LT
Type of aircraft:
Boeing 727-200
Operator:
Registration:
PP-LBY
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Charter/Taxi (Non Scheduled Revenue Flight)
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Quito - Guayaquil
MSN:
21297
YOM:
1976
Location:
Quito-Mariscal Sucre (City)
Pichincha
Country:
Ecuador
Region:
South America
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
79
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll from runway 35 at Quito-Mariscal Sucre Airport, just before V1 speed, the captain decided to abandon the takeoff procedure and initiated an emergency braking manoeuvre. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran, collided with the ILS antenna, went down an embankment, struck a concrete wall and came to rest. All 90 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. On board were all staff and players of the Brazilian soccer team Corinthians.
Probable cause:
At the time of the accident, the total weight of the aircraft was 69,620 kilos, some 9,700 kilos above the MTOW. The crew had been told by the operator that MTOW was 70,000 kilos.

Crash of a Dassault Falcon 20F in Davao City

Date & Time: Apr 24, 1996 at 1145 LT
Type of aircraft:
Dassault Falcon 20
Operator:
Registration:
RP-C1980
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Cargo
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Davao City - Manila
MSN:
400
YOM:
1979
Location:
Davao City
Davao del Sur
Country:
Philippines
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a cargo flight from Davao City to Manila, carrying six passengers, two pilots and a load consisting of eight crates of gold. Just after liftoff, while climbing to a height of about 75 feet, the aircraft stalled and landed back on runway. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran and came to rest in a banana plantation, broken in three. All eight occupants escaped uninjured.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Russkaya Zhuravka

Date & Time: Apr 23, 1996 at 1850 LT
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-2
Operator:
Registration:
RA-84646
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Spraying (Agricultural)
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Russkaya Zhuravka - Russkaya Zhuravka
MSN:
1G191-24
YOM:
1981
Location:
Russkaya Zhuravka
Voronezh oblast
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft was dispatched at Russkaya Zhuravka for a local spraying mission, carrying one mechanic, one pilot and a load of 1,050 kilos of ammonium nitrate. During the takeoff roll with a tailwind, the aircraft deviated to the left and the pilot counteracted and eventually decided to rotate as quick as possible. After liftoff, the aircraft veered to the left, collided with trees and crashed upside down. Both occupants were uninjured and the aircraft was written off.
Probable cause:
The pilot decided to takeoff with a tailwind in unfavorable conditions. As the aircraft deviated to the left, he initiated the takeoff prematurely as the speed was insufficient. The pilot failed to abandon the takeoff procedure.
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