Crash of a Convair CV-580 in New Haven: 28 killed

Date & Time: Jun 7, 1971 at 0949 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5832
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Washington DC – Groton – New London – New Haven – Philadelphie – Newport News
MSN:
384
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
AL485
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
28
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
28
Captain / Total flying hours:
12107
Captain / Total hours on type:
3600.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4150
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2400
Aircraft flight hours:
33058
Circumstances:
During a non precision approach to New Haven-Tweed Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with rain falls. On final, the pilot-in-command passed below the glide slope and continued the approach until the airplane struck cottages and crashed in flames 4,890 feet short of runway 02. Three occupants survived while 28 others were killed.
Probable cause:
The captain's intentional descent below the prescribed minimum descent altitude under adverse weather conditions without adequate forward visibility or the crew's sighting of the runway environment. The captain disregarded advisories from his first officer that minimum descent altitude had been reached and that the airplane was continuing to descend at a normal descent rate and airspeed. The Board was unable to determine what motivated the captain to disregard prescribed operating procedures and altitude restrictions and finds it difficult to reconcile the actions he exhibited during the conduct of this flight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-31 near Duarte: 49 killed

Date & Time: Jun 6, 1971 at 1711 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N9345
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Los Angeles – Salt Lake City – Boise – Lewiston – Pasco – Yakima – Seattle
MSN:
47441/503
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
RW706
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
44
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
49
Captain / Total flying hours:
15490
Captain / Total hours on type:
2562.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
17128
Copilot / Total hours on type:
272
Aircraft flight hours:
5542
Circumstances:
Airwest flight 706, a DC-9, was to fly from Los Angeles, CA (LAX) to Seattle, WA (SEA) with intermediate stops at Salt Lake City (SLC), Boise (BOI), Lewiston (LWS), Pasco (PSC) and Yakima (YKM). The aircraft departed Los Angeles at 18:02. At 18:09 the crew reported leaving FL120 and Los Angeles ARTCC cleared them direct to Daggett. At 17:16 h a US Marine Corps McDonnell F-4B Phantom 151458 departed Naval Auxiliary Air Station (NAAS) Fallon for a flight to MCAS El Toro at low altitude. The aircraft had several technical difficulties, including an inoperative transponder and a leak in the oxygen system. Due to deteriorating visibility northwest of Palmdale, the crew climbed to 15,500 feet . Shortly after level-off, aircraft was 50 miles from MCAS El Toro. The pilot executed a 360° aileron roll at this time, which took approximately 3 seconds to complete. The Radar Intercept Officer (RIO) estimated that the true airspeed in the climb and after level-off was 420 knots. The F-4B collided with the Airwest DC-9 about 1 minute and 20 sec after the roll, at 15150 feet. After the collision, the F-4 began to tumble violently about the lateral axis. The RIO waited about 5 seconds, and, after seeing numerous warning lights in the cockpit, he ejected from the aircraft . The ejection was successful, and he parachuted to the ground without injury. The other F-4 crewmember did not survive the accident.
Probable cause:
The failure of both crews to see and avoid each other but it is recognized that they had only marginal capability to detect, assess, and avoid the collision. Other causal factors include a very high closure rate, comingling of IFR and VFR traffic in an area where the limitation of the ATC system precludes effective separation of such traffic, and failure of the crew of 151458 to request radar advisory service, particularly considering the fact that they had an inoperable transponder.
Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-2T in Kirov

Date & Time: May 24, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-02171
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1121 473 01
YOM:
1959
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed on takeoff at Kirov Airport. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It is reported that the total weight of the aircraft was above the MTOW.

Crash of a Dornier DO.28A-1 on Saba Island

Date & Time: May 17, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PJ-ADI
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Philipsburg – Juancho E. Yrausquin
MSN:
3044
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Upon touchdown at Juancho E. Yrausquin Airport on Saba Island, the airplane went out of control, veered off runway and came to rest. All occupants escaped uninjured while a goat was killed. The airplane was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Loss of control while trying to land in heavy crosswinds.

Crash of a Convair CV-440-0 Metropolitan in Titograd

Date & Time: May 15, 1971
Operator:
Registration:
YU-ADO
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
470
YOM:
1958
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
For unknown reason, the airplane belly landed at Titograd Airport. There were no casualties but the aircraft was written off. The exact date of the mishap remains unknown, somewhere in May 1971.

Crash of a Curtiss C-46A-55-CK Commando near Guatemala City: 5 killed

Date & Time: May 11, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
TG-ACA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Guatemala City – Flores
MSN:
121
YOM:
1944
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
29
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Guatemala City-La Aurora Airport, while climbing, the crew declared an emergency after an engine failed. The captain elected to return but the airplane lost height and crashed in a hilly terrain located 24 km south of the capital city. All three crew members and two passengers were killed while 27 other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
Engine failure for unknown reason.

Crash of a Douglas DC-3 in Mae Hong Son

Date & Time: May 7, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HS-TDE
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
13794/25239
YOM:
1944
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
18
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach, the airplane was too low and crashed in unclear circumstances short of runway. All 21 occupants were able to evacuate the cabin and none of them was injured. Nevertheless, the airplane was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Carstedt Jet Liner 600A near Coolidge: 12 killed

Date & Time: May 6, 1971 at 1315 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N4922V
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Tucson - Phoenix
MSN:
04285
YOM:
1950
Flight number:
33
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
10
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
12
Captain / Total flying hours:
6000
Captain / Total hours on type:
2500.00
Circumstances:
Apache Airlines Flight 33 of May 6, 1971, was a regularly scheduled air taxi flight from Tucson to Phoenix, Arizona. The aircraft was a De Havilland Dove Model 104-7AXC (Carstedt CJ600A Conversion), N4922V. The flight departed Tucson International Airport, under visual conditions, at 1253 m.s.t. with 10 passengers and a crew of two, and with 140 gallons of fuel on board. At about 1315, ground witnesses near Coolidge, Arizona, observed the aircraft flying in a northwesterly direction. Some of these witnesses reported that they first heard loud engine noises emanating from the aircraft, and that the engine sound then ceased. According to two of the witnesses, the aircraft initially descended at a “slight angle” which steepened to a 45-to-50 degree dive angle. None of the witnesses saw smoke or fire while the aircraft was in the air, and none saw parts separate from the aircraft. According to the witnesses, there were high scattered cumulus clouds in the area. A pilot, who flew a light aircraft through that general area after the accident, reported that he encountered severe turbulence at about 4,200 feet in the Phoenix area. The 1258 surface weather observation at Phoenix was reported as, measured ceiling of 4,800 feet broken clouds, 25,000 feet overcast, visibility 40 miles, wind from 250’ at 8 knots, and an altimeter setting of 29.78 inches. The crew was current in the aircraft and qualified for the operation involved. The wreckage site, a flat plowed field, revealed two distinct craters with no impact marks between them. One crater was oriented north/south. Most of the fuselage and left wing wreckage was found north of that crater and within 200 feet of it. The other crater, which contained remains of the right wing and the right engine, was located approximately 35 feet southeast of the fuselage crater. Scattered parts of the right wing were located northeast of the crater formed by that wing. Only one piece of wreckage was found outside the immediate area of the craters. This piece, a fairing from the lower aft wing root, was located 1,160 feet northwest (downwind) of the fuselage crater. Although the entire airframe of N4922V was fragmented, the degree of fragmentation was greater on the right side of the fuselage. Both engines were recovered, still attached to portions of their wing attach structure. No evidence of any pre-existing damage was noted on the engine mounts. The engines revealed no evidence of malfunction or failure prior to impact. Neither engine was producing power at impact. Both propellers were found in the feathering range: Disassembly and examination of both fuel controls, the fuel pumps, and the propeller governors revealed no discrepancies except for impact damage. All 12 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The inflight failure and subsequent separation of the right wing. This failure was the result of a fatigue fracture in the lower main root joint fitting which propagated from an area of corrosion and fretting damage which, in turn, was caused by design deficiencies. These deficiencies remained undetected because surveillance of the supplemental type certification process and the modification programs was not adequate to assure compliance with design and inspection requirements.
Final Report:

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R near Chernivtsi

Date & Time: Apr 29, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-42696
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1G43-05
YOM:
2
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route, the pilot was forced to make an emergency landing following an engine failure. The aircraft crash landed near Chernivtsi and was damaged beyond repair. There were no casualties.
Probable cause:
Engine failure.

Crash of a Beechcraft E18 in Charlotte Amalie: 8 killed

Date & Time: Apr 21, 1971 at 1726 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N456T
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Charlotte Amalie - San Juan
MSN:
BA-173
YOM:
1956
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Captain / Total flying hours:
14563
Captain / Total hours on type:
2400.00
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from runway 10 at Charlotte Amalie-Harry S. Truman Airport, while in initial climb, the right engine failed. The pilot elected to maintain control when the airplane stalled and crashed onto the Island Beachcomber Hotel located along the runway. The aircraft was destroyed and all 8 occupants were killed. Fortunately, there were no victims on the ground.
Probable cause:
Engine malfunction during initial climb and loss of control. The following factors were reported:
- Inadequate maintenance and inspection on part of the maintenance personnel,
- Powerplant failure, engine structure, piston and piston rings,
- The pilot-in-command failed to follow the approved procedures,
- Powerplant - lubricating system, filters, screen,
- The right engine piston tops were eroded, pieces of rings were missing,
- The right propeller could not be feathered,
- The landing gear were still down at impact.
Final Report: