Crash of a Tupolev TU-104A in Almaty: 90 killed

Date & Time: Jan 13, 1977 at 1814 LT
Type of aircraft:
Tupolev TU-104
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-42369
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Novossibirsk – Almaty
MSN:
8 66 012 03
YOM:
1958
Flight number:
SU3843
Location:
Almaty
Almaty Province
Country:
Kazakhstan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
82
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
90
Aircraft flight hours:
27189
Aircraft flight cycles:
12819
Circumstances:
On final approach to Almaty Airport runway 23, while at an altitude of 400 metres, the left engine caught fire. An explosion occurred and the airplane descended at a speed of 150-190 km/h and crashed in flames in a snow covered field located 3,280 metres short of runway threshold. The aircraft was destroyed and all 90 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Failure of a fuel line on the left engine caused the fuel to leak and to ignite while contacting hot air coming from the heating system due to a seal failure. This also resulted in a high carbon monoxide that spread in the cabin and the cockpit. Also, a fuel pump broke away.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A Trislander III-2 in Samarinda

Date & Time: Jan 10, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Britten-Norman Trislander
Operator:
Registration:
PK-KTD
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
1018
YOM:
1975
Location:
Samarinda
East Kalimantan
Country:
Indonesia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances at Samarinda Airport. There were no casualties.

Crash of a BAc 111-520FN in Campinas

Date & Time: Jan 4, 1977 at 2230 LT
Type of aircraft:
BAc 111
Operator:
Registration:
PP-SDS
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Vitória – Rio de Janeiro – Campinas
MSN:
236
YOM:
1971
Flight number:
TR203
Location:
Campinas-Viracopos
São Paulo
Country:
Brazil
Region:
South America
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
38
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The approach to Campinas-Viracopos Airport was completed in heavy rain falls. After touchdown on runway 32, a tire burst. The airplane went out of control, veered off runway to the left and came to rest in a muddy ground about 360 metres further. All 43 occupants were evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134A in Prague

Date & Time: Jan 2, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Tupolev TU-134
Operator:
Registration:
OK-CFD
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Leningrad - Prague
MSN:
2 35 15 05
YOM:
1972
Location:
Prague-Ruzyne
Prague (Hlavní mesto Praha)
Country:
Czech Republic
Region:
Europe
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
42
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Prague-Ruzyne Airport in limited visibility, the crew was cleared to land. Upon landing, the Tupolev collided with a CSA Ilyushin II-18V registered OK-NAA. With six crew members on board, the II-18 was just cleared to line up for takeoff. While the II-18 was slightly damaged, the TU-134 veered off runway, lost its undercarriage and came to rest in a snow covered field. All 48 occupants were evacuated safely, four of them were injured.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the air traffic controller based in the tower just cleared the crew of the II-18 to line up on the same runway where the crew of the TU-134 was cleared to land few seconds earlier. The separation time was insufficient. The lack of visibility was considered as a contributing factor as both crew failed to see each other.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154 in Kiev

Date & Time: Dec 31, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Tupolev TU-154
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-85020
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
71A-020
YOM:
1971
Location:
Kiev-Borispol
Kiev oblast
Country:
Ukraine
Region:
Europe
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
For unknown reasons, the airplane landed hard at Kiev-Borispol Airport and was considered as damaged beyond repair. There were no casualties. The exact date of the mishap remains unknown, somewhere in 1976.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-3 Islander in Mara

Date & Time: Dec 30, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Britten-Norman Islander
Operator:
Registration:
PK-KNC
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Plain, Valley
MSN:
663
YOM:
1972
Location:
Mara (Mentawai Island)
West Sumatra
Country:
Indonesia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances. There were no casualties.

Crash of a Douglas C-54A-1-DO Skymaster near Trujillo: 24 killed

Date & Time: Dec 30, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Douglas C-54 Skymaster
Operator:
Registration:
OB-R-247
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Trujillo - Tarapoto
MSN:
7462
YOM:
1944
Location:
Trujillo
La Libertad
Country:
Peru
Region:
South America
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
19
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
24
Circumstances:
After takeoff from runway 02 at Trujillo-Capitán Carlos Martinez de Pinillos Airport, while climbing, the four engine airplane struck the slope of Mt Pintado located 25 km north of the airport. The wreckage was found few hours later in a rocky area and all 24 occupants were killed.

Crash of a Boeing 707-366C in Bangkok: 73 killed

Date & Time: Dec 25, 1976 at 0345 LT
Type of aircraft:
Boeing 707
Operator:
Registration:
SU-AXA
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
City
Schedule:
Rome - Cairo - Bombay - Bangkok - Manila - Tokyo
MSN:
20763/871
YOM:
1973
Flight number:
MS864
Location:
Bangkok-Don Mueang
Bangkok City District
Country:
Thailand
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
44
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
73
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Bombay, the crew started the descent to Bangkok-Don Mueang Airport by night. On approach, the pilot reported runway in sight and was cleared to land on runway 21L. On short final, he failed to realize his altitude was too low when the four engine airplane struck the roof of a building and crashed in flames on a spinning factory located 2 km short of runway. The aircraft and several buildings were killed. All 53 occupants on board the B707 were killed as well as 20 people working in the factory. At the time of the accident, the visibility was estimated to be 4 km.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of several errors on part of the flying crew who continued the approach below the minimum safe altitude until impact with ground.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24 in Kiev: 48 killed

Date & Time: Dec 17, 1976 at 2130 LT
Type of aircraft:
Antonov AN-24
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-46722
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Chernivtsi - Kiev
MSN:
3 73 003 02
YOM:
1963
Flight number:
SU36N
Location:
Kiev-Zhuliany-Igor Sikorsky
Kiev oblast
Country:
Ukraine
Region:
Europe
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
50
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
48
Aircraft flight hours:
27244
Aircraft flight cycles:
24754
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Chernivtsi, the crew started the descent to Kiev-Zhuliany Airport in limited visibility due to foggy conditions and snow. On final approach, at a distance of 2,500 metres from runway threshold, the airplane descended below the glideslope. The crew continued the approach and passed below the decision height while he did not have the runway in sight. The airplane struck the concrete base of the inner marker located 1,265 metres short of runway, rolled for 115 metres and crashed on a railway embankment. Seven occupants were seriously injured while 48 others were killed. At the time of the accident, the horizontal visibility was 600 metres and the vertical visibility was 50 metres.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who descended below the decision height without any visual contact with the runway in limited visibility until the aircraft contacted ground. Deficiencies and inadequacies by ATC at Kiev-Zhuliany Airport were considered as contributing factors as informations transmitted to the crew did not reflect the truth.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 100 off Victoria

Date & Time: Dec 16, 1976
Type of aircraft:
De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter
Operator:
Registration:
C-FAJB
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Lake, Sea, Ocean, River
Schedule:
Vancouver - Victoria
MSN:
19
YOM:
1966
Location:
Victoria
British Columbia
Country:
Canada
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Approaching Victoria on a flight from Coal Harbour in Vancouver, the crew encountered limited visibility due to foggy conditions. The seaplane landed hard, causing both floats to be damaged. All 16 occupants were evacuated safely while the aircraft sank in the Juan de Fuca Strait, by a depth of 300 feet, about 4 miles south of Victoria Harbour.
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