Crash of a BAc 111-204AF in Port Harcourt

Date & Time: Sep 16, 1991
Type of aircraft:
BAc 111
Operator:
Registration:
5N-KBG
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
082
YOM:
1965
Location:
Port Harcourt
Rivers
Country:
Nigeria
Region:
Africa
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
60
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
48522
Aircraft flight cycles:
70457
Circumstances:
Belly landed at Port Harcourt Airport and slid on runway for few dozen metres before coming to rest. All 66 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. An unconfirmed report suggests that the aircraft bounced on landing. The captain then took over control of the copilot who was PIC. The flight engineer assumed the captain was initiating a go-around procedure and raised the landing gear.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B-2 in Mexico City

Date & Time: Sep 14, 1991 at 0938 LT
Type of aircraft:
Tupolev TU-154
Operator:
Registration:
CU-T1227
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Havana - Mexico City
MSN:
82A541
YOM:
1982
Flight number:
CU130
Location:
Mexico City-Benito Juarez
Federal District of Mexico City
Country:
Mexico
Region:
Central America
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
100
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On approach to Mexico City-Benito Juarez Airport, the crew encountered poor visibility due to foggy conditions. As he was unable to locate the runway, the captain decided to initiate a go-around procedure. Few minutes later, during a second attempt to land, the aircraft remained above the glide on short final and eventually landed too far down the runway. After touchdown, the aircraft was unable to stop within the remaining distance and overran. While contacting soft ground, the left main gear collapsed, the aircraft slid for about 500 meters then collided with the ILS antenna, causing the left wing to be torn off. A fire erupted and destroyed a part of the left fuselage. All 112 occupants were evacuated, among them one passenger was slightly injured.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who continued the approach above the glide and landed too far down the runway, reducing the landing distance available. It was also reported that the crew was unable to initiate a second go-around because the fuel reserve were insufficient to perform a third circuit.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-120RT Brasília in Eagle Lake: 14 killed

Date & Time: Sep 11, 1991 at 1003 LT
Type of aircraft:
Embraer EMB-120 Brasília
Operator:
Registration:
N33701
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Laredo - Houston
MSN:
120-077
YOM:
1987
Flight number:
CO2574
Location:
Eagle Lake
Texas
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
11
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
14
Captain / Total flying hours:
4243
Captain / Total hours on type:
2468.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
11543
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1066
Aircraft flight hours:
7229
Aircraft flight cycles:
10009
Circumstances:
The airplane broke up in flight while descending from FL240. The horizontal stabilizer, or top of the T-type tail, had separated from the fuselage before ground impact. Examination revealed that the 47 screw fasteners that would have attached the upper surface of the leading edge assembly for the left side of the horizontal stabilizer were missing. They had been removed the night before during scheduled maintenance. Investigation revealed that there was a lack of compliance with the FAA-approved general maintenance manual procedures by the mechanics, inspectors, and supervisors responsible for assuring the airworthiness of the airplane the night before the accident. In addition, routine surveillance of the continental express maintenance department by the FAA was inadequate and did not detect deficiencies, such as those that led to this accident. All 14 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The failure of continental express maintenance and inspection personnel to adhere to proper maintenance and quality assurance procedures for the airplane's horizontal stabilizer deice boots that led to the sudden in-flight loss of the partially secured left horizontal stabilizer leading edge and the immediate severe nose down pitchover and breakup of the airplane. Contributing to the cause of the accident was the failure of continental express management to ensure compliance with the approved maintenance procedures, and the failure of the faa surveillance to detect and verify compliance with approved procedures.
Final Report:

Crash of a Short SC.7 Skyvan 3 Variant 100 near Long Seridan: 14 killed

Date & Time: Sep 3, 1991 at 1410 LT
Type of aircraft:
Short SC.7 Skyvan Variant
Operator:
Airtech Rajawali Udara
Registration:
9M-AZB
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Bario - Marudi
MSN:
1975
YOM:
1981
Location:
Long Seridan
Sarawak
Country:
Malaysia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
18
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
14
Circumstances:
18 minutes after takeoff from Bario Airport, while in cruising altitude, both engines failed due to fuel exhaustion. The crew attempted an emergency landing when the aircraft struck trees and crashed in a wooded area located 9 km from Long Seridan. Six passengers were rescued while 14 other occupants were killed, among them both pilots.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure in flight following a fuel exhaustion. Poor flight preparation on part of the flight crew who failed to ensure the fuel quantity was sufficient for the expected flight time. Lack of surveillance on part of the authority about the operator's activities was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander in Sampit: 3 killed

Date & Time: Sep 3, 1991
Type of aircraft:
Britten-Norman Islander
Operator:
Registration:
PK-VIP
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Sampit - Palangkaraya
MSN:
752
YOM:
1975
Location:
Sampit
Central Kalimantan
Country:
Indonesia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Sampit Airport, while climbing, the right engine lost power. The crew initiated a left turn in an attempt to return to the airport when the aircraft stalled and crashed in the Mentaya River. Both pilots and a passenger were killed, all seven other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
Loss of power on the right engine during initial climb for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Let L-410UVP near Guriev

Date & Time: Aug 27, 1991
Type of aircraft:
Let L-410
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-67099
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Plain, Valley
MSN:
84 13 25
YOM:
1984
Location:
Guryev
Atyrau
Country:
Kazakhstan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Few dozen minutes after takeoff from Guryev Airport, while in cruising altitude, the crew noticed a higher than normal fuel consumption and realized he could not reach the destination. The captain decided to fly back to Guryev but a the fuel remaining was insufficient, the crew attempted an emergency landing in an open field located about 42 km from Guryev Airport. The aircraft crash landed in a field and came to rest. All six occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the ground personnel in charge of the refuel operations at Guryev Airport failed to replace the fuel tank cap properly. This caused the fuel to leak out of the tank during flight, forcing the crew to attempt an emergency landing. The failure of the crew to check the aircraft prior to takeoff according to published procedures was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of a Let L-410UVP in Poliny Osipenko

Date & Time: Aug 21, 1991
Type of aircraft:
Let L-410
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-67091
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
81 07 32
YOM:
1981
Location:
Poliny Osipenko
Khabarovsk Krai
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
12
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff, while in initial climb, the crew lowered the gear when the aircraft stalled and struck the runway surface. It slid for few dozen metres and came to rest. All 14 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-26 Islander near Ketchikan: 4 killed

Date & Time: Aug 20, 1991 at 1315 LT
Type of aircraft:
Britten-Norman Islander
Operator:
Registration:
N68HA
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Ketchikan - Wrangell
MSN:
2009
YOM:
1978
Location:
Ketchikan
Alaska
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
5107
Captain / Total hours on type:
740.00
Aircraft flight hours:
16395
Circumstances:
Approximately 3/4 of an hour after departing for Wrangell, Alaska, the pilot of the regularly scheduled commuter flight contacted company dispatch approximately 30 miles from Ketchikan, and reported that he was returning due to weather. Shortly thereafter, the pilot communicated with another company pilot flying in the same vicinity and both pilots described the weather at their respective locations as 'marginal'. Weather conditions at the Ketchikan International Airport (18 nautical miles from the crash site) at the time of the accident were characterized by low ceilings, multiple cloud layers and reduced (3 mile) visibilities with light rain. The aircraft collided with trees/rising terrain at 800 feet msl while in a near level flight path headed east southeast. Right wingtip impact signatures indicated a very shallow right wing down/nose up attitude at the initial tree impacts. All four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The pilot's attempting to operate vfr in instrument meteorological conditions. Factors contributing to the accident were upsloping terrain in the aircraft's flight path as well as weather conditions resulting in an obscuration of the terrain.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 737-2A8 near Imphal: 69 killed

Date & Time: Aug 16, 1991 at 1246 LT
Type of aircraft:
Boeing 737-200
Operator:
Registration:
VT-EFL
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Calcutta - Imphal
MSN:
21497
YOM:
1977
Flight number:
IC257
Location:
Imphal
Manipur
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
63
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
69
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Calcutta-Dum Dum Airport at 1154 on a regular schedule service to Imphal, Manipur. On descent, the crew encountered poor weather conditions and the visibility was low. After being cleared to descend to 10,000 feet, the crew obtain the permission to make a direct outbound course in view of an ILS approach to runway 04. While completing a turn to join the approach path, the crew failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when the GPWS alarm sounded in the cockpit during 6,3 seconds. The aircraft struck the slope of Mt Thangjing located 39 km southwest of runway 04 threshold and disintegrated on impact. All 69 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident occurred by reason of a grave error on the part of the Pilot-in-Command in not adhering to the operational flight plan and ILS let down chart and not realizing that his early descent to 10,000 feet and turning right for outbound leg without reporting overhead VOR would result in loss of time reference and as such misplace him in the hilly terrain. The Pilot-in-Command's action may have been influenced by his extreme familiarity with the terrain.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S off Masbate

Date & Time: Aug 14, 1991
Type of aircraft:
Beechcraft E18
Operator:
Commuter Air Philippines
Registration:
RP-C707
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Site:
Lake, Sea, Ocean, River
MSN:
BA-126
YOM:
1956
Location:
Masbate
Masbate
Country:
Philippines
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances in the sea shortly after takeoff from Masbate Airport. Occupant fate remains unknown.
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