Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 in Khorugh: 82 killed

Date & Time: Aug 28, 1993 at 1046 LT
Type of aircraft:
Yakovlev Yak-40
Operator:
Registration:
EY-87995
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Khorugh - Dushanbe
MSN:
9 54 19 44
YOM:
1975
Location:
Khorugh
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province
Country:
Tajikistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
81
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
82
Circumstances:
During takeoff roll at Khorugh Airport, at Vr speed, the crew started the rotation but the aircraft failed to respond and did not lift off. It continued at high speed, overran, collided with a concrete wall located 150 metres past the runway end and eventually crashed in the Pyanj River. Four passengers were rescued while 82 other occupants were killed, most of them woman, children and soldiers.
Probable cause:
The accident occurred during the Tajik Civil War. It was determined that soldiers forced the crew to embark as many passengers as possible while the Yak-40 is certified fox max 32 passengers. At the time of the accident were 81 passengers on board. As the total weight of the aircraft was 3 tons above MTOW, it was impossible to take off in such conditions.

Crash of a Let L-410UVP-E in Aldan: 24 killed

Date & Time: Aug 26, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Let L-410
Operator:
Registration:
RA-67656
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Yakutsk - Aldan
MSN:
90 25 09
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
SVT301
Location:
Aldan
Republic of Yakutia (Sakha)
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
22
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
24
Circumstances:
On final approach to Aldan Airport, at a speed of 196 km/h, the crew extended the flaps to 42° when the aircraft adopted a 42,5° nose-up attitude. The crew elected to go-around but, as the speed dropped to 52 km/h, the aircraft stalled and crashed 273 metres short of runway and 160 metres to the left of its extended centreline. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and all 24 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the total weight of the aircraft was 623 kilos above MTOW while departing Yakutsk Airport and 550 kilos above the max landing weight upon arrival at Aldan Airport. More than 400 kilos of bagages were placed in the rear compartment, causing the CofG to be out of permissible limits.

Crash of a Cessna 402C near Andytown

Date & Time: Aug 25, 1993 at 0855 LT
Type of aircraft:
Cessna 402
Operator:
Registration:
N206RH
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Sarasota - Fort Lauderdale
MSN:
402C-0206
YOM:
1979
Location:
Andytown
Florida
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
3000
Captain / Total hours on type:
2400.00
Aircraft flight hours:
12918
Circumstances:
The pilot was deviating around weather during descent when he noted the fuel flow and manifold pressure on the left engine oscillating. Because the propeller was still turning he elected not to feather the left propeller. The airplane would not maintain altitude so he lowered the landing gear and ditched the airplane in a swamp. Examination of the left fuel tank revealed the fuel float valve actuators and float arms excessively worn. This condition would allow unmetered air into the fuel lines. Also noted was the condition of one of the left fuel valves that could jam open allowing the fuel pickup to unport and induce excessive air into the fuel lines.
Probable cause:
The failure of the pilot to feather the propeller when the engine lost power, and his failure to follow the emergency procedure checklist. Contributing to the accident was the inadequate design of the fuel tank float valves which allowed for excessive wear and subsequent induction of unmetered air into the fuel lines.
Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-12B nea Al Fashir

Date & Time: Aug 7, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Antonov AN-12
Operator:
Aviakor
Registration:
RA-11110
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Desert
Schedule:
Khartoum - El Otey
MSN:
01 347 902
YOM:
1971
Location:
Al Fashir
North Darfur (شمال دارفور)
Country:
Sudan
Region:
Africa
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route from Khartoum to El Otey, weather conditions deteriorated and the crew lost his orientation. Unable to locate his position, the crew was eventually forced to attempt an emergency landing due to fuel exhaustion. The aircraft crash landed in a desert area located in the region of Al Fashir. All 23 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The crew got lost in bad weather after all ground navigation systems were unserviceable following a general electrical failure.

Crash of a Cessna 207 Skywagon in Ecuador: 4 killed

Date & Time: Aug 3, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Cessna 207 Skywagon/Stationair
Operator:
Registration:
HC-BQC
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Mountains
MSN:
207-0467
YOM:
1978
Location:
Ecuador
All Ecuador
Country:
Ecuador
Region:
South America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
While cruising in poor weather conditions, the single engine aircraft struck the slope of a mountain and crashed. Three occupants were rescued while four others were killed. The exact place of the accident remains unknown.

Crash of a Dornier DO228-101 in Bharatpur: 19 killed

Date & Time: Jul 31, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Dornier DO228
Operator:
Registration:
9N-ACL
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Kathmandu - Bharatpur
MSN:
7029
YOM:
1984
Location:
Bharatpur
Narayani
Country:
Nepal
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
16
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
19
Circumstances:
While descending to Bharatpur Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions. Too low, the aircraft struck the slope of a rocky peak located about 6,5 km short of runway 15 threshold. The aircraft was destroyed and all 19 occupants were killed.

Crash of a Boeing 737-5L9 in Mokpo: 68 killed

Date & Time: Jul 26, 1993 at 1548 LT
Type of aircraft:
Boeing 737-500
Operator:
Registration:
HL7229
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Seoul - Mokpo
MSN:
24805
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
OZ733
Location:
Mokpo
South Jeolla (전라남도)
Country:
South Korea
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
110
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
68
Aircraft flight hours:
7301
Aircraft flight cycles:
5707
Circumstances:
Following an eventful flight from Seoul-Gimpo, the crew started the descent to Mokpo Airport in poor weather conditions with low clouds, heavy rain falls and strong winds. A first attempt to land was abandoned as well as a second few minutes later as the crew was unable to establish a visual contact with the runway. On a third attempt to land under VOR/DME mode, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when the aircraft struck the wooded slope of Mt Ungeo located about 7,5 km short of runway 06 threshold. Two crew members and 66 passengers were killed while 48 other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
The crew took the decision to continue the approach in below weather minima until the aircraft impacted ground, resulting in a controlled flight into terrain. Poor weather conditions, limited visibility, poor crew monitoring and wrong approach configuration were considered as contributing factors.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-2 Beaver in Klemtu: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jul 26, 1993 at 1001 LT
Type of aircraft:
De Havilland DHC-2 Beaver
Operator:
Registration:
C-FRQW
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Lake, Sea, Ocean, River
Schedule:
Bella - Klemtu
MSN:
618
YOM:
1954
Flight number:
3V801
Location:
Klemtu
British Columbia
Country:
Canada
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
On approach to Klemtu, while completing a last turn to the left, the single engine aircraft struck a tree and crashed, bursting into flames. All five occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the pilot misjudged the distance with the ground and was probably hampered by the presence of local fog banks that were along the shore.

Crash of a BAe 146-300 in Yinchuan: 55 killed

Date & Time: Jul 23, 1993 at 1441 LT
Type of aircraft:
BAe 146
Operator:
Registration:
B-2716
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Yinchuan - Beijing
MSN:
E3215
YOM:
1992
Flight number:
WH2119
Location:
Yinchuan
Ningxia Hui
Country:
China
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
108
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
55
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll on runway 36 at Yinchuan Airport, at Vr speed, the pilot-in-command pull up the control column to rotate but the aircraft failed to respond. Following a lack of crew coordination and inappropriate decisions, the crew failed to abort the takeoff procedure. After a long roll, the nose gear lifted off but the aircraft entered a high nose attitude, causing the tail to struck the runway surface. The aircraft then overran runway 36, collided with various obstacles and eventually crashed in a lake. 58 occupants were injured while 55 others were killed, among them one crew member. Weather conditions were good with OAT +27° C and an excellent visibility. Runway 36 is 2,160 metres long.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the accident was the consequence of a wrong takeoff configuration on part of the crew. For unknown reasons, both leading edge and trailing edge flaps were not properly deployed for the takeoff procedure. Due to lack of coordination, the crew failed to proceed to cross checks prior to departure and failed to realize that the aircraft was not properly configured for takeoff. Nevertheless, it was not established if the flaps warning sounded or not prior to the accident.

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-32 in Ciudad Bolívar

Date & Time: Jul 19, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Douglas DC-9
Operator:
Registration:
YV-613C
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
47104
YOM:
1967
Location:
Ciudad Bolívar
Bolívar
Country:
Venezuela
Region:
South America
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
60
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The approach to Ciudad Bolívar Airport was completed in poor weather conditions with limited visibility due to heavy rain falls. On short final, about 4,800 metres short of runway 06 threshold, the aircraft was too high on the glide and the captain decided to make a correction. After touchdown, the crew initiated the braking procedure but the aircraft was unable to stop within the remaining distance. It overran the wet runway (1,737 metres long) and came to rest 150 metres further. All 65 occupants were evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the crew who continued the descent too high on the glide. It was reported that the landing speed was slightly above Vref at 123 knots and the aircraft suffered aquaplaning as the runway surface was wet.
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