Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander 720 Alti Cruiser in Klamath River: 1 killed

Date & Time:
Registration:
N4831C
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Fresno - Eugene
MSN:
720-760-10
YOM:
1959
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
695
Captain / Total hours on type:
154.00
Circumstances:
While cruising by night in marginal weather conditions (rain and fog), the pilot informed ATC about an engine failure. Shortly later, the airplane went out of control, entered a dive and crashed near Klamath River, north of California. The wreckage was found a day later and the pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the probable cause of the accident was that the carburetor on one engine failed after encountering icing conditions. It was reported that the aircraft was not equipped with de-icing equipments.

Crash of a Douglas DC-8-62 off Los Angeles: 15 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
LN-MOO
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Copenhagen – Seattle – Los Angeles
MSN:
45822/272
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
SK933
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
36
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
15
Captain / Total flying hours:
11135
Captain / Total hours on type:
900.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5814
Copilot / Total hours on type:
973
Aircraft flight hours:
6948
Circumstances:
The aircraft crashed in Santa Monica Bay, approximately 6 nautical miles west at 1921LT. The aircraft was operating as flight SK933 from Seattle, Washington, to Los Angeles, following a flight from Copenhagen, Denmark. A scheduled crew change occurred at Seattle for the flight to Los Angeles. The accident occurred in the waters of Santa Monica Bay while the crew attempting an instrument approach to runway O7R at Los Angeles International Airport. Of the 45 persons aboard the aircraft, 3 passengers and one cabin attendant drowned, 9 passengers and 2 cabin attendants are missing and presumed dead; 11 passengers and 6 crew members including the captain, the second pilot, and the systems operator, were injured in varying degrees; and 13 passengers escaped without reported injury. The aircraft was destroyed by impact. The fuselage broke into three pieces, two of which sank approximately 350 feet of water. The third section including the wings, the forward cabin and the cockpit, floated for about 20 hours before being towed into shallow water where it sank. This section was later recovered and removed from the water. The weather at Los Angeles International Airport was generally: 1,700 feet broken, 3,500 feet overcast; visibility 4 miles in light rain and fog, wind 060° at 10 knots; and the altimeter setting was 29.87 inches of mercury. The weather in the accident area was reported to be similar.
Probable cause:
The lack of crew coordination and the inadequate monitoring of the aircraft position in space during a critical phase of an instrument approach which resulted in an unplanned descent into the water. Contributing to this unplanned descent was an apparent unsafe landing gear condition induced by the design of the landing gear indicator lights, and the omission of the minimum crossing altitude at an approach fix depicted on the approach chart.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing RC-135S in Shemya

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
59-1491
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Shemya - Shemya
MSN:
17979/394
YOM:
1960
Location:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was returning to Shemya following a reconnaissance mission. After touchdown on an icy runway, the airplane encountered difficulties to stop within the remaining distance, overran and came to rest few dozen yards farther. While the aircraft was damaged beyond repair, all 18 occupants were evacuated safely.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo near Jamestown: 6 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N440DL
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
176
Circumstances:
While cruising by night in marginal weather conditions, the pilot lost control of the airplane that crashed on the top of a hill. The aircraft was destroyed and all six occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control for undetermined reason. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Icing conditions including sleet and freezing rain,
- Turbulences associated with clouds and thunderstorm,
- Snow,
- Witnesses heard the aircraft circling at low altitude.
Final Report:

Crash of a Convair CV-580 in Bradford: 11 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5825
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Washington DC – Harrisburg – Bradford – Erie – Detroit
MSN:
386
YOM:
1956
Flight number:
AL737
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
11
Captain / Total flying hours:
5761
Captain / Total hours on type:
499.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8220
Copilot / Total hours on type:
738
Aircraft flight hours:
27285
Circumstances:
Allegheny Airlines Flight 737 was a scheduled passenger flight from Washington, DC, to Detroit, MI, with en route stops at Harrisburg, Bradford, and Erie, PA. The flight was uneventful until it arrived in the Bradford area, about 20:22. About 20:23, Erie Approach Control asked flight 737 to report their distance to the airport: "Allegheny seven thirty seven, what are you showing DME from Bradford?". Upon which the crew replied, "Fifteen". Erie Approach Control then instructed, "... descend and cruise four thousand via Victor thirty three and cleared for the VOR thirty two (runway 32) approach to the Bradford Airport, report leaving six and Bradford's current weather sky partially obscured, measured ceiling eight hundred overcast, visibility one and one half and light snow showers, wind one seventy degrees at ten (knots) Bradford altimeter twenty nine point four nine." At ten miles from the airport Flight 737 asked for clearance to make its instrument approach to runway 14 instead of runway 32. The Bradford FSS Specialist obtained approval for this change from Erie Approach Control and so advised the flight. At 20:31 the flight reported completing the procedure turn inbound. The Convair clipped treetops 4,7nm short of the airport and cut a swath through trees bordering a fairway of the Pine Acres Golf Course. The aircraft came to rest inverted. Both pilots and 9 passengers were killed while 17 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Investigations were unable to determine precisely the probable cause of this accident. Of some 13 potential causes examined by the Board, three remain after final analysis. They are:
- Misreading of the altimeter by the captain,
- A malfunction of the captain's altimeter after completion of the instrument approach procedure turn, and
- A misreading of the instrument approach chart. Of these three, no single one can be accepted or rejected to the exclusion of another based on the available evidence.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed P2V-7 Neptune near Whidbey Island NAS

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
140160
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
MSN:
726-7063
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances in the region of Whidbey Island NAS. Crew fate remains unknown.

Crash of a Rockwell CT-39A-1-NO Sabreliner at Langley AFB: 6 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
62-4502
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
276-55
YOM:
1962
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
On final approach to Langley AFB, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when the airplane struck trees, stalled and crashed in flames one mile short of runway. The aircraft was destroyed and all six occupants were killed.

Crash of a Convair CV-580 in Chicago: 28 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N2045
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Minneapolis – Wausau – Green Bay – Manitowoc – Milwaukee – Chicago
MSN:
369
YOM:
1968
Flight number:
NC458
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
41
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
28
Captain / Total flying hours:
10972
Captain / Total hours on type:
123.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2421
Copilot / Total hours on type:
526
Aircraft flight hours:
27180
Circumstances:
On final approach by night to Chicago-O'Hare Airport, at an altitude of 200 feet, the captain decided to make a go-around when the airplane lors height, struck the ground then crashed inverted onto a hangar. Three crew members, 24 passengers and one people on the ground were killed while 18 other were injured.
Probable cause:
Spatial disorientation of the captain precipitated by atmospheric refraction of either the approach lights or landing lights at a critical point in the approach wherein the crew was transitioning between flying by reference to flight instruments and by visual reference to the ground.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-15 in Sioux City

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N974Z
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sioux Falls – Sioux City – Chicago
MSN:
47034/162
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
OZ982
Location:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
64
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
19146
Captain / Total hours on type:
63.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
6048
Copilot / Total hours on type:
20
Aircraft flight hours:
3458
Circumstances:
At approximately 0711LT, the aircraft crashed while taking off from the Sioux City Airport, Iowa. There were no fatalities. Among the 64 passengers and four crewmembers, 10 passengers were hospitalized with minor injuries and three crew members received serious injuries. The aircraft was destroyed in the crash. There was no fire. Flight 982 began its takeoff on Runway 35 with the flight crew aware that ice was present on the wings. The aircraft lifted off and the landing gear was selected to the up position by the first officer. The captain began turning off the landing and taxi lights. As the landing gear began to retract, the aircraft rolled abruptly and violently to the right to an angle of bank estimated by the flight crew to have reached 900. The captain applied additional power and left rudder in an attempt to level the wings. When no immediate response was noted, he then applied left aileron. With the application of left aileron, the right wing came up; however, the roll continued to the left until the left wing contacted the runway. At this point, the captain discontinued the takeoff. He approximately 110 feet beyond the departure threshold of Runway 35. succeeded in leveling the wings prior to final ground contact, The aircraft came to rest in a grove of trees approximately 1,181 feet beyond the departure end of Runway 35.
Probable cause:
A stall near the upper limits of ground effect, with subsequent loss of control as a result of aerodynamic and weight penalties of airfoil icing. The flight crew failed to have the airfoil ice removed prior to the attempted take-off from Sioux City. The Board also finds that the crew selected an improper takeoff thrust for the existing gross weight condition of the aircraft.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 707-321C at Elmendorf AFB: 3 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N799PA
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
San Francisco – Elmendorf – Tokyo – Đà Nẵng – Cam Ranh Bay
MSN:
18824/397
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
PA799
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
15207
Captain / Total hours on type:
3969.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
9813
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2813
Circumstances:
The aircraft christened 'Clipper Racer' departed San Francisco on a cargo flight to Cam Ranh Bay, Vietnam with en route stops at Elmendorf AFB, Tokyo and Đà Nẵng. Because of below minima weather at Anchorage International Airport, the aircraft landed at Elmendorf AFB. Several delays were experienced before the flight taxied out at 06:02. Flight 799 was given a void time of 06:15 by Oceanic Control to avoid traffic conflict. If the crew failed to make that time, it would result in a 45 min delay. When the checklist item "wing flaps" was called, the 'follow me' truck arrived to guide them to runway 23. From then on the crew were busy steering the plane on the slippery taxiways and talking to Oceanic Control resp. The aircraft was cleared for takeoff at 06:14. The stick shaker sounded shortly after VR (154 kts). The aircraft rotated climbed slowly. The right wing contacted the snow covered ground 94 feet left of the extended centerline at a distance of 2760 feet from the runway. The aircraft rolled inverted and broke up.
Probable cause:
An attempted takeoff with the flaps in a retracted position. This resulted from a combination of factors:
- Inadequate cockpit checklist and procedures,
- A warning system inadequacy associated with cold weather operations,
- Ineffective control practices regarding manufacturer's Service Bulletins,
- Stresses imposed upon the crew by their attempts to meet an air traffic control deadline.
Final Report: