Crash of a Douglas DC-3 in Agartala: 3 killed

Date & Time: Oct 19, 1956
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DGK
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
KAL-2
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
On approach to Agartala Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions and the pilot-in-command decided to make a go around. A second attempt to land was abandoned few minutes later. Despite the fact that weather conditions were below minima, the crew started a third attempt to land. On final, as the pilot-in-command was unable to locate the runway, he decided to make a new go around when the aircraft struck trees and crashed in flames few km short of runway. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all three crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Decision of the crew to attempt an approach and landing in below minima weather conditions.

Crash of a Douglas DC-3 in Najran

Date & Time: Feb 16, 1956 at 1200 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HZ-AAO
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed while taking off from Najran Airport. No casualties.

Crash of a Douglas DC-3C in Burbank: 3 killed

Date & Time: Sep 8, 1955 at 0757 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N74663
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Burbank – Oakland
MSN:
6257
YOM:
1943
Flight number:
CRR024
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
30
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
4500
Captain / Total hours on type:
1200.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2880
Copilot / Total hours on type:
120
Aircraft flight hours:
9849
Circumstances:
This was a nonscheduled flight originating at Burbank, California, for Oakland, California. There were 30 passengers and a crew consisting of Captain Joseph A. Bradsher, Copilot Keith C. Dutson, and Stewardess Utta Jorgensen. Company records indicated that takeoff gross weight was 26,089 pounds (authorized maximum was 26,200 pounds), and the center of gravity of the aircraft was located within prescribed limits. A Defense Visual Flight Rules flight plan was filed; the plane was loaded, taxied to the end of the runway, and its engines were run up. At 0751 the flight was cleared for takeoff from runway 15, to climb westward on top of haze and smoke. It executed a takeoff and climbed in a normal manner into smoke haze, which was more dense toward the south., and in which it was lost to view of observers at the airport. Approximately one minute 2 after takeoff (0752) Flight 24 called the tower and requested an emergency landing clearance. This was granted; runway 7 was suggested by the tower and accepted by the pilot. The airport was cleared of traffic and emergency equipment alerted. At 0755 the tower called repeatedly as the flight had not been sighted. At 0756 the flight called the tower and stated its intent to land on runway "31." Lockheed Air Terminal has no runway 31 but has a runway 33. About this time Flight 24 was sighted by the control tower operator an estimated one mile to the southwest proceeding in a nose-high attitude toward the airport but not aligned with any runway. Across the approach track being used was a powerline about 500 feet short of the airport boundary. As this line approached the nose-high attitude increased and immediately after passing this powerline the aircraft executed a slight left turn, banked 10 to 12 degrees. The left wing then struck a service powerline at the airport boundary. The aircraft stalled, its left wing collided with two parked Air Force C-54's, it cartwheeled, slid across the apron and struck Lockheed Service hangar No. 24, coming to rest in the open doorway of that hangar. The fuselage broke open at a point behind the wing and most of the survivors escaped or were rescued through this opening. Small fires started by the crash were quickly extinguished by personnel of Lockheed's plant protection organization, who also rescued survivors and rendered first aid most efficiently. This organization also guarded the scene and wreckage.
Probable cause:
On the basis of all available evidence the Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the captain's irrevocable commitment to a landing without radio or visual confirmation of his runway alignment following engine failure immediately after takeoff. A contributing factor was engine malfunction immediately after takeoff in near minimum visibility. The following findings were reported:
- Overheating of the right engine's rear master rod and loss of much of its bearing metal constituted a failure which foretold imminent internal destruction of that engine,
- Feathering of the right propeller was not accomplished and that propeller continued to rotate (windmill),
- The aircraft when observed approaching the airport had its gear extended, its attitude was excessively nose-high, and it was not aligned with any runway,
- The left wing of the aircraft struck a powerline,
- Forward motion continued; the aircraft stalled and collided successively with two parked Air Force aircraft, the apron, and Lockheed Service Hangar No. 24.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-3A on Mt Forno Grande: 13 killed

Date & Time: Aug 26, 1955 at 0800 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PP-CBY
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Rio de Janeiro – Caravelas
MSN:
11692
YOM:
1943
Country:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
13
Circumstances:
The aircraft took off from Rio for Caravelas with an IFR flight plan specifying flight at 1,500 meters along airway Vd-1, carrying 4 crew members and 9 passengers. After 58 minutes of flight the aircraft reported that it was over Campos at 1,500 meters. There was no further news from the aircraft whose wreckage was later discovered on the summit of Mt Forno Grande in the State of Espírito Santo. There were no survivors and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The accident was due to the Forno Grande peak not being indicated on current charts, the flight being conducted outside the airway and failure to adhere to the approved flight plan.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-3 in Beauvais: 9 killed

Date & Time: Mar 18, 1955
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
F-BAXL
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Beauvais - Beauvais
MSN:
20047
YOM:
1944
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
The crew was conducting a local training flight at Beauvais-Tillé Airport. On takeoff from runway 31, the airplane encountered difficulties to gain height, hit power cables and crashed in a field. The aircraft was destroyed and all nine occupants were killed.

Crash of a Douglas DC-3A-228D near Talpa de Allende: 26 killed

Date & Time: Mar 8, 1955 at 1340 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XA-DIK
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Puerto Vallarta – Talpa de Allende – Mascota – Guadalajara
MSN:
3992
YOM:
1941
Flight number:
MX591
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
23
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
26
Circumstances:
While descending to Talpa de Allende Airport in marginal weather conditions, the airplane hit the slope of the Cerro del Cabre located about 20 km northwest of the airport. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all 26 occupants were killed.

Crash of a Douglas DC-3 near Berlin: 2 killed

Date & Time: Nov 30, 1954 at 1115 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N17891
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Boston – Concord – Laconia – Berlin
MSN:
11745
YOM:
1943
Flight number:
NE792
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
7900
Captain / Total hours on type:
5500.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4300
Copilot / Total hours on type:
831
Aircraft flight hours:
26000
Circumstances:
Flight 792 originated at Boston, Massachusetts, for Berlin, New Hampshire, with stops at concord and Laconia, New Hampshire. The drew consisted of Captain W. P. Carey, First Officer George D. McCormick, Stewardess Mary McEttrick, and Flight Superintendent John C. McNulty. Departure from Boston was at 0930, approximately on schedule, with a company clearance to Laconia under Visual Flight Rules. The first two segments of the flight, Boston-Concord and Concord-Laconia, were routine. Departure from Laconia was on schedule at 1039. The aircraft carried fuel for about four hours., its gross weight was considerably under the max allowable,. and its center of gravity was located within prescribed limits. Scheduled arrival at Berlin was 1112. A minute or so after takeoff the flight requested an IFR clearance f or the 73-mile flight which was at once approved by the company dispatcher at Boston, and Issued by the CAA Air Route Traffic Control Center, "Boston ATC clears Northeast Flight 792 for an approach to the Berlin Airport via Blue 63 to cruise 8,000 feet." At 1103 the flight called the company station at the Berlin Airport and asked for local weather. The station agent immediately gave the 1045 observation: Estimated 3,000 feet overcast; visibility 2-1/2 miles; light snow showers. The flight acknowledged but did not give its altitude and position. The agent then made a special weather observation at 1110 and transmitted the following information to the flight: 2,300 scattered, 39000 overcast; visibility 2-1/2 miles; light snow showers; wind northwest 10; snow showers to the north. (This was close to the Berlin minimums of 2,300 foot ceiling and 2 miles visibility.) The flight's acknowledgement of this transmission was logged at 1114; however, the actual time may have been as much as two minutes earlier as the agent was alone and busy. There was no further contact. No position report was received for North Conway, a company-required reporting point about midway between Laconia, and Berlin. At 1125 the company's Boston station asked by teletype regarding the flight, Accordingly, the Berlin operator called the flight at 1128 but received no reply. At 1130 he sent a special weather report and suggested that, the flight return to Laconia. Again there was no reply. (The accident had already occurred.) This special weather was: Ceiling estimated 1,500 feet broken, 3,000 feet overcast; visibility 2 miles; light snow; wind northwest 10 (below Berlin minimums).
Probable cause:
The Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was a premature and unauthorized instrument descent to an altitude that did not permit terrain clearance. The following findings were reported:
- The 1114 company weather message for Berlin reported marginal weather conditions; this was acknowledged,
- The pilot started his descent not in accord with the approved instrument approach procedure for the Berlin, New Hampshire, airport,
- In so doing he struck a hill while letting down directly toward the airport.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-3 on Mt Jirishanca: 24 killed

Date & Time: Nov 16, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
FAP403
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Pucallpa – Lima
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
21
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
24
Circumstances:
While cruising at an altitude of 18,000 feet in marginal weather conditions, the airplane struck the southeast slope of Mt Jirishanca (,6,094 meters high) located about 200 km north of Lima-Callao Airport. As the airplane failed to arrive at destination, SAR operations were conducted and the wreckage was found on December 4, 1954. All 24 occupants (21 civilians and three crew members) were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of a Douglas R4D-1 in Rio de Janeiro

Date & Time: Oct 21, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PP-CCP
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
4226
YOM:
1942
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
28
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight and approach, the crew landed at Santos Dumont Airport. After touchdown on a wet runway, the airplane encountered difficulties to stop within the remaining distance, overran and plunged into the Guanabara Bay. While all 31 occupants were quickly evacuated and uninjured, the aircraft was written off.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who completed the landing procedure with an excessive speed and a tail wind component. The aircraft's speed at touchdown was too high and the runway surface was wet, which were considered as contributory factors.

Crash of a Douglas DC-3 in Vietnam: 3 killed

Date & Time: Aug 12, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
F-BSGS
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Saigon – Hanoi
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances while performing a cargo flight from Saigon to Hanoi. All three crew members were killed.