Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III in Munich: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jan 25, 1992
Operator:
Registration:
D-IBHH
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Zurich - Augsburg
MSN:
421C-0162
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
On approach to Augsburg-Mühlhausen Airport, the pilot encountered foggy conditions with a visibility down to 500 meters. Unable to establish a visual contact with the runway, he initiated a go-around procedure and diverted to Munich-Riem Airport. On approach to Munich, weather conditions were poor. On short final, he realize the aircraft was not properly aligned and decided to attempt a go-around maneuver when the aircraft struck the ground and crashed to the left of the runway. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact and all five occupants were killed. At the time of the accident, visibility and RVR were below minimums.

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III off Savannah: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jan 13, 1992 at 1606 LT
Registration:
N40JK
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Milville - Sebastian
MSN:
421C-0441
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Captain / Total flying hours:
3064
Captain / Total hours on type:
500.00
Circumstances:
At 0716, the pilot received a weather brief for a proposed takeoff of 1130. The FSS briefer provided info on thunderstorms forecast in GA and FL. No info was provided about forecast lines and clusters of thunderstorms in SC coastal plains and sern GA. En route, the pilot was given info about level III thunderstorms across the projected flight path by Beaufort and Savannah approach control. ATC radar data revealed that the aircraft flew the route contained in the flight plan clearance. Radio transmissions from the aircraft indicated that onboard weather radar was being used. ATC radar data and radio communications indicated that the aircraft entered a thunderstorm, then made a 180° turn to exit the storm. Examination of the wreckage revealed plastic deformation of the wings inboard of the engines in an upward direction. Also, both wings broke off outboard of the engines in a downward direction. The horizontal stab and elevator were not recovered. There was fuselage damage which indicated that the horizontal stab separated aft and down. All five occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The pilot's inadequate weather evaluation, and his continued flight into known adverse weather conditions. Factors were: the improper weather briefing by a flight service station specialist, and level iii thunderstorms.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III near Mammoth Lakes: 4 killed

Date & Time: Jan 4, 1992 at 1855 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N2654M
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Mammoth Lakes - La Verne
MSN:
421C-0691
YOM:
1974
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
1250
Captain / Total hours on type:
270.00
Aircraft flight hours:
3200
Circumstances:
Due to the impending arrival of a snow storm, the certificated commercial pilot and 5 passengers departed one day earlier than planned, from an uncontrolled airport located in mountainous terrain to begin a night, cross country flight. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed. Prior to departure, the pilot was given an ifr clearance void time from an ARTCC. The pilot was climbing toward a VOR located about 27 miles southeast of the departure airport while attempting to contact the ARTCC to open his instrument flight plan. The pilot failed to maintain terrain clearance, and became lost/disoriented. The airplane struck trees and snow covered terrain at 10,200 feet msl, 7 nautical miles and about 22° to the right of the intended course. Four passengers were killed while two other occupants, among them the pilot, were injured.
Probable cause:
The failure of the pilot to plan and conduct his departure flight to avoid high mountainous terrain, during which the pilot became lost/disoriented. Contributing to the accident was self induced pressure to depart before the arrival of a snow storm.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III near Cortez: 5 killed

Date & Time: Mar 29, 1991 at 1125 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N3851C
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Tucson - Cortez
MSN:
421C-0119
YOM:
1976
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Captain / Total flying hours:
530
Captain / Total hours on type:
40.00
Circumstances:
The flight departed without a flight plan or weather brief. En route deteriorating weather was encountered and an IFR flight plan was filed to a revised destination. Clearance was received for a VOR approach and the pilot was advised of 1/2 mile visibility in snow and fog. A missed approach was reported over the unicom frequency. Impact occurred with a heading of about 170° at 7,700 feet msl in mountainous terrain on the 173° radial, 7.3 miles from the VOR. The inbound course to the final approach fix was 170° with an inbound final approach course of 196°. Airport elevation was 5,914 feet msl. The airport was located on the 196° radial, 5.5 miles from the VOR final approach fix. The VOR approach to runway 21 called for a missed approach to be executed at 5.5 DME from the VOR and a minimum descent altitude of 6,600 feet. All five occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The pilot's improper IFR procedures. Factors were: the existing weather conditions and the pilot's failure to obtain a preflight briefing.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III in Boulder: 2 killed

Date & Time: Apr 1, 1990 at 1540 LT
Registration:
N2655V
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Granby - Denver
MSN:
421C-0702
YOM:
1974
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
10102
Captain / Total hours on type:
528.00
Aircraft flight hours:
4117
Circumstances:
The airplane was observed flying erratically at a low altitude, then enter a left wing, nose low attitude, impacting the ground in a residential area. Autopsies on both occupants included findings of massive traumatic injuries sustained during a struggle. The passenger reportedly planned to take his life by jumping out of an airplane over the mountains of Colorado because he believed he had an inoperable brain tumor.
Probable cause:
A loss of airplane control as a result control interference by the passenger following a struggle between the pilot and the passenger.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III near Schwäbisch Gmünd: 7 killed

Date & Time: Apr 22, 1989
Operator:
Registration:
D-ICAD
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
MSN:
421C-1016
YOM:
1981
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft was returning to Stuttgart after a flight from Corsica, carrying six passengers and one pilot. While descending to Stuttgart-Echterdingen Airport, the pilot encountered poor weather conditions and limited visibility due to fog and heavy rain falls. In such conditions, he failed to realize his altitude was too low when the aircraft struck the slope of Mt Bargauer Horn located southeast of Schwäbisch Gmünd, about 49 km northeast of Stuttgart Airport. The aircraft was destroyed and all seven occupants were killed.

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III in Machala: 10 killed

Date & Time: Sep 8, 1988 at 0900 LT
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Machala - Quito
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
Three minutes after takeoff from Machala Airport, while in initial climb, the crew encountered technical problems (engines?) when the aircraft went out of control and crashed in a shrimp pond. All 10 occupants were killed.

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III in Marsh Harbour

Date & Time: Aug 9, 1988 at 1355 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N98427
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
San Andros – Marsh Harbour – West Palm Beach
MSN:
421C-0032
YOM:
1976
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Upon landing at Marsh Harbour, the twin engine aircraft went out of control, veered off runway and came to rest. All eight occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III in Taunton: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jul 14, 1988 at 1929 LT
Registration:
N825DW
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Beverly - Taunton
MSN:
421C-0079
YOM:
1976
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
780
Circumstances:
Before reaching his descent, the pilot advised approach control that his right engine was 'blowing some smoke' and losing oil pressure. Vectors were provided for a visual approach, but there were low clouds in the area and visibility was restricted due to haze. After reaching the vicinity of the airport, the pilot said it was in sight and he was entering a downwind for runway 30. Witnesses saw the aircraft on a left downwind, but said the aircraft overshot the 1st turn to final approach. Subsequently, while maneuvering to land, the aircraft crashed approximately 2,500 feet northeast of the runway in a wooded area. Witnesses agreed the aircraft was slow and in a steep right turn with the gear extended before it crashed in a steep descent and burned. An examination revealed evidence the starter on the right engine had backed off; 3 starter bolts had fractured thru the threaded area with signs of fatigue cracking; wear marks on the starter gear and engine gear ring indicated the starter motor had shifted aprx 3/4' rearward. Also, there was evidence the torsional damper was loose on its shaft before the accident and that both props were operating at low pitch during initial impact.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (partial) - mech failure/malf
Phase of operation: cruise
Findings
1. 1 engine
2. (f) engine accessories - fatigue
3. (f) engine accessories, engine starter - loose
4. (f) lubricating system, oil seal - loss, partial
5. (f) fluid, oil - leak
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: maneuvering
Findings
6. (f) propeller feathering - not performed - pilot in command
7. (f) planned approach - improper - pilot in command
8. (c) airspeed (vmc) - not maintained - pilot in command
9. (c) aircraft control - not maintained - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III near Shaver Lake: 4 killed

Date & Time: May 28, 1988 at 1910 LT
Registration:
N98683
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Rialto - Truckee
MSN:
421C-0209
YOM:
1976
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
3060
Captain / Total hours on type:
15.00
Aircraft flight hours:
2575
Circumstances:
The pilot bought the aircraft about a month prior to the accident. He had limited experience in the aircraft, and limited experience with high altitude flight and its weather phenomenon. The pilot obtained two weather briefings for the flight. During both, he was advised of the forecast and pilot reported conditions of moderate to severe mixed icing and turbulence associated with a mountain wave on the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada mountains. Instead of flying along his intended route on the western side of the mountains, he chose a direct route, which placed the aircraft on the eastern side of the mountains. The track of the aircraft was established by recorded radar data. The data showed the aircraft in cruise at 16,500 feet until about 1 minute prior to the accident. The aircraft was shown to climb to 17,200 feet before it disappeared. The last radar target was observed about 2 miles from the impact location. The aircraft impacted in a steep nose down descent. All four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Inflight encounter with forecasted severe icing and turbulence beyond the capability of either the aircraft or the pilot, which led to an inflight loss of control. Factors in the accident were the pilots lack of understanding of high altitude flight aspects and meteorological phenomenon.
Findings:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: cruise - normal
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - icing conditions
2. (f) weather condition - mountain wave
3. (f) weather condition - turbulence
4. Preflight briefing service - issued - nws personnel
5. (f) lack of total experience in type operation - pilot in command
6. (c) weather evaluation - not understood - pilot in command
7. (c) flight into known adverse weather - attempted - pilot in command
8. (f) in-flight planning/decision - poor - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: cruise - normal
Findings
9. (c) aircraft performance - exceeded
10. (c) aircraft control - inadequate - pilot in command
11. (c) stall/spin - inadvertent - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report: