City

The crew was completing the final approach below the minimum safe altitude in reduced visibility due to thick fog.

Failure of the engine n°3 after takeoff for unknown reasons. It was reported that the copilot failed to show up so the captain was the only pilot and he asked the flight engineer to take the copilot seat and a ground mechanic to perform the flight engineer duties.

Failure of the engine n°1 that caught fire during initial climb for unknown reasons.

The following factors were identified:
- In the individual aspect, there were signs of concern of the crew member with prolonged waiting caused by the local traffic in Fortaleza and by another traffic that was approaching the aerodrome and, because of this, accelerated the procedure of the final approach, descending at high speed and triggering the other operational failures that led to the accident; in the same way, there were signs of excessive self-confidence by the pilot.
- The operator's delay in submitting the requested documentation for the aircraft reduced the credibility of the submitted material. The possibility that the secondary stop was deactivated, despite statements to the contrary by a mechanic, would have been caused by inadequate participation of maintenance personnel in the services performed and by non-compliance with the planned AD.
- There are reports from several pilots about this commander's habits of performing unforeseen procedures, including some that avoided flying with him. It was not researched if the other crew members took this fact to the company's management. The company's response was not researched if it was aware of these operational deviations.
- The pilot misused the resources available in the operation of the aircraft, due to ineffective management of the tasks related to the PF and PNF and the noncompliance with operational rules.
- The PNF did not advise the PF during the approach. The PNF accepted the non-stabilized approach and did not react to reverse the situation.
- The crew made the approach above the glide slope and at high speed; thought inappropriately that it could proceed in those conditions and that there would be ways to reduce the speed and make the landing.
- The crew disobeyed the aircraft's operating rules by performing a destabilized approach outside the envelope recommended by the manufacturer and by placing the power levers below the flight idle position.

Collision with obstacle while approaching under VFR mode in IMC conditions. The following factors were identified:
- The pilot did not have sufficient experience,
- Marginal weather conditions,
- The pilot failed to see and avoid the obstacles and may have suffered a spatial disorientation,
- Excessive workload in the cockpit during the approach associated with lack of visibility, low experience and too many radio communications on the frequency.

The following factors were identified:
- Wrong approach configuration as the aircraft was too high on the glide,
- Poor crew coordination,
- The crew failed to comply with published procedures,
- Poor crew training,
- The crew failed to correct the pitch up attitude during the go-around procedure,
- Lack of visibility due to night, rain and fog.

The exact cause of the engine failure could not be determined with certainty. It is known that engines of this series had problems with gas-dynamic stability, especially at high angle of attack.