Crash of a Fletcher FU-24-950M in Okoroire: 1 killed

Date & Time: Nov 12, 1984 at 1125 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ZK-BIK
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Okoroire - Okoroire
MSN:
38
YOM:
1957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The aircraft was engaged in an aerial topdressing operation on a farm near Matamata, sowing a mixture of superphosphate and lime along with some other ingredients. After about two hours of normal operations a break was taken while the farm fertilizer bin was replenished from a truck. This was taken as an opportunity to refuel the aircraft. After the truck had departed the aircraft was loaded with 22 hundredweight ( cwt ) of fertilizer mixture and the 14th flight of the day was commenced. The loader driver lost sight of the plane after it took off and was reloading for the next sortie when he noticed that the fertilizer truck had stopped halfway down the farm road. The truck driver came running back to say that the plane had crashed. The aircraft was found on the side of a gully about 250 metres from the end of the airstrip. It was completely wrecked but there was no fire. This was not a survivable accident. The pilot was killed instantly. Evidence showed that the plane had failed to attain takeoff speed and had lifted off briefly then settled back, striking the rear fuselage heavily against the ground and then running through the fence at the end of the strip in a nose high attitude. It became airborne again colliding with a tree while in a 90-degree bank to the right and dived steeply into the gully. The weather was partly cloudy with a northerly wind of 3 to 5 knots. The visibility was good. Weather does not seem to be a factor.
Probable cause:
The investigator found that the aircraft was grossly overloaded and that the C of G was 28 mm beyond the aft limit. This overloading was believed to be due to approx. 200 kg (3.92 cwt) of fertilizer remaining in the hopper from previous flights and the fact that the weighing equipment on the loader was under-reading. When both pilot and loader driver believed that there was 22 cwt aboard there was actually an estimated hopper load of 27.68 cwt.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-2 Beaver near Barham

Date & Time: Nov 10, 1984 at 0930 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VH-IDH
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Barham - Barham
MSN:
1534
YOM:
1963
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
At a height of approximately 50 feet after take-off the engine suddenly lost all power. The pilot was able to glide the aircraft over several drainage banks, two fences and an irrigation canal but a high rate of descent developed and the aircraft landed heavily and overturned. Fire broke out and the central section of the fuselage was burnt out. The pilot, sole on board, was slightly injured.
Probable cause:
The investigation was hampered by the extent of fire damage and the cause of the loss of engine power was not positively established.
Final Report:

Crash of a Fletcher FU-24-950 in Hokitika: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 28, 1984
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ZK-DJF
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hokitika - Hokitika
MSN:
177
YOM:
1972
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The single engine aircraft departed Hokitika Airport on a local skydiving flight, carrying four skydivers and one pilot. The ripcord of the reserve parachute of one of the jumpers was snagged as he climbed out of the cockpit and the chute streamed and began to deploy. The jumper struck the tailplane as he was dragged aft, damaging it, and the Fletcher went out of control and dived into the ground. The remaining parachutists all escaped the crashing plane by the use of their parachutes but the pilot, who was not wearing a parachute, was killed in the crash. The jumper whose reserve had accidentally deployed suffered a head injury which rendered him unconscious briefly but landed safely.

Crash of a Rockwell Shrike Commander 500S off Norfolk Island: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 11, 1984
Operator:
Registration:
N9031N
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Pago Pago – Norfolk Island – Sydney
MSN:
500-1867-43
YOM:
1969
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Norfolk Island Airport, while climbing, the twin engine aircraft lost height and crashed into the sea. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-20 Islander on Mt Musaka: 9 killed

Date & Time: Sep 6, 1984
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
P2-ISG
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Wewak – Tabubil – Telefomin – Kiunga
MSN:
756
YOM:
1975
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
10
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
En route from Tabubil to Telefomin, the twin engine aircraft crashed in unknown circumstances on Mt Musaka. Two passengers were seriously injured while 9 other occupants were killed.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 in Tau: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jul 21, 1984 at 1340 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N43SP
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Pago Pago - Tau
MSN:
669
YOM:
1980
Flight number:
HK513
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
11
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
5094
Captain / Total hours on type:
1020.00
Aircraft flight hours:
11281
Circumstances:
The aircraft crash landed after the pilot used flaps and power to semi control pitch after the elevator down control cable failed at about 300 feet agl on final approach. The left wing of the aircraft hit the terminal roof during the stall mush from 50 feet agl. The company is changing their aircraft control cables from steel to stainless steel to aid in the anti-corrosion and modifying their inspection period from 800 to 100 hours between inspections. The cable that separated failed from corrosion. No evidence of fatigue cracking or mechanical wear was found. Corrosion products were found within 2 inches of the serapation on both cable pieces.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: airframe/component/system failure/malfunction
Phase of operation: approach - vfr pattern - base leg/base to final
Findings
1. (c) flt control syst, elevator control - corroded
2. (c) flt control syst, elevator control - failure,total
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 340A in Goulburn: 4 killed

Date & Time: May 16, 1984 at 2304 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VH-BYB
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Sydney - Goulburn
MSN:
340A-0411
YOM:
1978
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
Prior to departure the pilot had received a weather forecast which indicated that fog could be expected at the destination. Adequate fuel was carried in the aircraft tanks to allow for a considerable period of holding and/or a diversion to another aerodrome if required. After an apparently normal flight of 35 minutes the aircraft arrived in the Goulburn area and the pilot reported his intention to carry out a standard instrument approach. The manoeuvres associated with this procedure do not involve flight over the city of Goulburn, however witnesses observed the aircraft as it circled over the city several times at a relatively low height. It was then seen to roll and descend steeply before striking two houses. A fierce fire broke out which engulfed the aircraft and both residences. The three persons on board the aircraft and a person in one of the houses received fatal injuries. A detailed inspection of the wreckage revealed that the camshaft of the left engine had failed in flight and the pilot had apparently feathered the propeller. The engine was not operating at the time of impact. No other defect or malfunction was discovered which might have contributed to the development of the accident. It was determined that the particular camshaft had failed from fatigue cracking, resulting from defective manufacture. It was considered likely that when the aircraft arrived over Goulburn, shallow fog obscured all or part of the aerodrome. The lights of the city would have been clearly visible and the pilot probably decided to use the city, rather than the nearby radio navigation aid, as a convenient holding point while waiting for conditions at the aerodrome to improve. During a series of left hand orbits, and after advising his intention to conduct an instrument approach, the pilot experienced a complete failure of the left engine. In order to realise the available single-engine performance of the aircraft the pilot had to perform a series of checks and actions which would result in the applicable propeller being feathered; any unnecessary aerodynamic drag being reduced; and an appropriate airspeed being established. It was determined that although the propeller had probably been feathered, the landing gear, which had evidently been lowered previously, had not been raised to reduce drag. In addition, an analysis of radar returns from the aircraft, recorded at Canberra, indicated that the airspeed at which the aircraft was flying shortly before radar contact was lost, was less than the optimum figure. The final manoeuvre described by witnesses was consistent with that which follows a loss of control in twin engine aircraft when power is being supplied by only one engine and the speed is below the minimum required for full control. The reason the pilot did not raise the landing gear and maintain the required minimum control speed could not be established.
Probable cause:
Failure of the left engine in flight due to defective manufacture of camshaft. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Fatigue failure of camshaft,
- Complete loss of power from left engine,
- Aircraft not reconfigured for optimum single engine performance,
- Airspeed fell below minimum for effective control,
- Insufficient height for recovery.
Final Report:

Crash of a Fletcher FU24-954 in Waimate: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 21, 1984 at 0705 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ZK-EMI
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
260
YOM:
1979
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed Waimate Airport, bound to a local farm for a crop spraying mission, carrying one passenger and one pilot. Shortly after takeoff, while climbing to an altitude of about 300-400 feet, the aircraft entered a stratus area when the engine apparently lost power. The aircraft entered a nose-down attitude then crashed in the Waihao River. The passenger was killed and the pilot was seriously injured. The aircraft was totally destroyed.
Probable cause:
The pilot suffered a spatial disorientation while flying in low visibility due to clouds (stratus) after he encountered unknown technical problems with the engine.

Crash of a Fletcher FU-24 in Stuart Mill

Date & Time: Feb 25, 1984 at 1557 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VH-EOF
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Stuart Mill - Stuart Mill
MSN:
2
YOM:
1954
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after take-off during a spreading operation the engine suddenly lost power. The pilot dumped the load and operated the fuel boost pump, however after a short burst of power the engine failed completely. The pilot was committed to a downwind landing and towards the end of the landing roll the aircraft ran into a gully and collided with tree stumps. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair and the pilot was slightly injured.
Probable cause:
The engine had failed from fuel exhaustion. The pilot was not aware of the amount of fuel added to the tanks at the previous refuelling and he had subsequently relied on the fuel gauge readings to assess the remaining endurance.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 500 Citation in Proserpine: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 20, 1984 at 2016 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VH-FSA
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Cairns – Townsville – Proserpine – Brisbane
MSN:
500-0237
YOM:
1974
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The aircraft was engaged on a night freighter service from Cairns (CNS) to Brisbane (BNE) with intermediate stops at Townsville (TSV) and Proserpine (PPP). The flight departed Cairns at 18:47 hours. After arriving at Townsville the aircraft was refuelled and additional freight loaded before departing for Proserpine at 19:47 hours. The aircraft was cleared to track direct to Proserpine on climb to FL250. At 20:08 hours the pilot reported that the aircraft had left FL250 on descent into Proserpine and requested a clearance to track to intercept the 310 omni radial inbound for a DME Arrival. This request was approved and a short time later the aircraft reported established on the radial. At 20:16 hours, in answer to a question from Townsville Control, the aircraft reported at 2600 feet and was instructed to call Townsville Flight Service Unit. The aircraft complied with this instruction, and after the initial contact no further transmissions were received from the aircraft. The wreckage was located approximately 4 kilometres north-west of the threshold of runway 11 and in line with that runway. The aircraft had been destroyed by impact forces and the ensuing fire. A witness, who lived near the final approach path of the aircraft, reported that she observed the aircraft when it was on final approach. Analysis of her observations indicated that when she sighted the aircraft it was at a lower height than normal for the type of approach that the pilot reported would be flown. At the time of the sighting she did not notice anything unusual about the operation of the aircraft. Other persons at the Proserpine Aerodrome at the time of the accident reported rainstorms and strong winds in the vicinity.
Probable cause:
An inspection of the aircraft and its systems did not reveal any defect that could have contributed to the accident. Despite the extensive investigation, no evidence could be found to indicate why the aircraft was below the normal glide path during the approach.