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Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R near Dzhazator: 3 killed

Date & Time: Sep 5, 1990 at 1537 LT
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-2
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-40433
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Charter/Taxi (Non Scheduled Revenue Flight)
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Dzhazator - Kosh-Agach
MSN:
1G223-59
YOM:
1987
Flight number:
SU4778
Location:
Dzhazator
Altai Krai
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Aircraft flight hours:
2035
Aircraft flight cycles:
2496
Circumstances:
The single engine aircraft departed Dzhazator at 1512LT on a flight to Kosh-Agach, carrying five Ukrainian tourists, one local guide and two pilots. Weather conditions were poor with low ceiling and rain falls. As the visibility was insufficient (below minimums), the crew mistakenly followed a wrong course after departure and the aircraft first entered the Ak-Alakha canyon then the Chad valley. In whiteout conditions, the crew saw a mountain and initiated a right turn when the aircraft struck trees and crashed in a wooded area. There was no fire. The wreckage was found 23 km south of Dzhazator. Both pilots and a passenger were killed while five other occupants were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
The crew's decision to initiate the flight in below minima weather conditions with low ceiling, rain and snow. The crew got disoriented after takeoff and did not realize he was not following the correct route. Also, he continued the flight at an unsafe altitude.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-28 in Rushan

Date & Time: Aug 18, 1990 at 1343 LT
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-28
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-28761
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
1AJ004-10
YOM:
1987
Location:
Rushan
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province
Country:
Tajikistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On short final to Rushan Airport, the aircraft lost height and struck the ground 40 meters short of runway threshold and came to rest. There were no casualties but the aircraft was considered as damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The pilot-in-command inadvertently moved the throttles into idle position on short final, causing the aircraft to lose height and to struck the ground with a positive acceleration of 4,42 g.

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 near Stepanakert: 47 killed

Date & Time: Aug 1, 1990 at 1009 LT
Type of aircraft:
Yakovlev Yak-40
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-87453
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Yerevan - Stepanakert
MSN:
9 43 10 36
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
SU35D
Location:
Stepanakert
Yukhari Garabakh
Country:
Azerbaijan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
43
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
47
Circumstances:
The aircraft operated on a passenger service from Yerevan-Erebuni Airport to Stepanakert Airport. In addition to 30 passengers with tickets, the crew took on board 13 unregistered passengers. With this heavy load, the captain requested a lower altitude, 4,500 meters, for the flight. This was granted by ATC, while the regular altitude on the route was 5,100-6,600 meters with a minimum safe height of 4,516 meters. At 09:59, at a distance of 21 km after passing the Azizbekov NDB, the crew was taken over by a controller of Kafan Airport. The controller instructed to keep the height of 4,500 meters to the point of descent. The flight was the cleared down to 3,900 meters and the aircraft descended over mountains covered by a cloud deck with an upper boundary of 3,000-3,300 meters. However, the flight crew never reported their exact position and the controller did not check it on radar. The flight reached the altitude of 3,900 meters at 10:07, and continued descending without informing the controller. At 10:08, the captain requested to contact Stepanakert, while giving a false report that the flight altitude was 3,900 meters. Not observing the aircraft, not knowing its actual flight altitude and not having direct communication with the controller at Stepanakert, the Kafan ATC controller allowed the crew to switch to the Stepanakert frequency. The captain reported to the controller that they were at an altitude of 3,900 meters and requested permission to descend to 2,400 meters. The controller at Stepanakert, having no radar facilities to monitor the aircraft, permitted a descent to 3,000 meters the NDB. At 10:09:57, the aircraft collided with a rocky mountain slope at an altitude of 2,520 meters while descending in clouds. All 47 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was caused by a combination of the following factors:
- The captain's violations of the flight rules set forth in the policy documents manifested in unsatisfactory navigation, straightening the route and premature unauthorized descent to a height below the minimum safety altitude, which resulted in a collision with a mountain.
- Violations of ATC rules in their zones by ATC dispatchers of Erebuni, Kafan and Stepanakert airports, expressed in failure to comply with the rules of air traffic control and non-interference in the actions of the crew who violated the rules of navigation and flight regime, which did not allow timely prevention of the aircraft collision with an obstacle. The dispatchers at Yerevan-Stepanakert have a stereotype of work: to allow those conditions of approach, which the crews requested. These violations became possible due to shortcomings in the organization of flight work, flights and air traffic control at the Yerevan-Stepanakert MVL of the Armenian and Azerbaijani State Administration.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Usugli

Date & Time: Aug 1, 1990
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-2
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-40413
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Survey / Patrol / Reconnaissance
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Chita – Usugli – Tungokochen
MSN:
1G223-37
YOM:
1987
Location:
Usugli
Zabaykalsky Krai
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Chita on a flight to Tungokochen with an intermediate stop in Usugli, carrying three crew members who were engaged in a forest survey mission. The takeoff roll in Usugli was long and the airplane took off after a distance of 400 meters. During initial climb, at a height of 100 meters, the pilot initiated a left turn when the aircraft stalled and crashed in a swamp. All three occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the total weight of the aircraft was 150-200 kilos above MTOW. The crew failed to abandon the departure procedure when the takeoff roll was abnormally long.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2T in Nerpo

Date & Time: Jul 26, 1990
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-2
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-44962
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Survey / Patrol / Reconnaissance
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Plain, Valley
MSN:
1G26-05
YOM:
1962
Location:
Nerpo
Irkutsk oblast
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft was engaged in a survey flight against potential forest fire, carrying two observers and three crew members. Upon landing on a remote strip in the region of Nerpo, the aircraft encountered strong winds and was unable to stop in time so it collided with trees and came to rest. All five occupants escaped uninjured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Unfavorable and winds encountered on landing.

Ground accident of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Gomel

Date & Time: Jul 13, 1990
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-2
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-70511
Flight Phase:
Parking
Flight Type:
Test
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
1G144-22
YOM:
1973
Location:
Gomel
Gomel voblast
Country:
Belarus
Region:
Europe
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Parked at Gomel Airport, the aircraft was subject to engine test runs. In unknown circumstances, it went out of control and collided with another parked AN-2 registered CCCP-40842. There were no injuries while both aircraft were damaged beyond repair.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-62M in Yakutsk

Date & Time: Jul 1, 1990 at 0019 LT
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-62
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-86456
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Moscow - Yakutsk
MSN:
2623717
YOM:
1976
Location:
Yakutsk-Intl (Platon Oyunsky)
Republic of Yakutia (Sakha)
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
99
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft departed Moscow-Domodedovo Airport at 1237LT with 99 passengers and 10 crew members on board. Following an uneventful flight of 5 hours and 42 minutes, the crew started the approach to Yakutsk-Intl Airport by night. After touchdown on runway 23 (3,300 meters long), the flight engineer mistakenly selected reverse thrust on engine n°2 and 3 only, letting both engines n°1 and 4 running at takeoff power. Both pilots took few seconds to identify the problem and the aircraft's speed was about 265-270 km/h and there were 655 meters of remaining runway. The captain attempted an emergency braking procedure when all tyres burst and the aircraft overran runway at a speed of 200 km/h, lost its undercarriage and came to rest 397 meters further, broken in three. All 109 occupants were evacuated, among them six were injured, two seriously. The aircraft was written off.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of an error on part of the flight engineer who mistakenly selected reverse thrust on engine n°2 and 3 only, letting both engines n°1 and 4 running at takeoff power.
The following contributing factors were reported:
- The spoilers could not deploy because reverse thrust was not activated on all four engines,
- The crew was disorganized during the landing phase,
- Poor crew coordination,
- The mistake committed by the flight engineer was identified too late by the rest of the flying crew, ¨
- Heavy verbal charge during the landing phase,
- Insufficient professional skills of the flight engineer.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R near Shurma: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jun 26, 1990 at 1750 LT
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-2
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-19730
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Ferry
Survivors:
No
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Malmyzh – Kaksinvai – Kirov
MSN:
1G165-44
YOM:
1975
Location:
Shurma
Kirov oblast
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Aircraft flight hours:
8200
Aircraft flight cycles:
22244
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a ferry flight from Malmyzh to Kirov following spraying operations and made an intermediate stop in Kaksinvai. He departed Kaksinvai at 1715LT on the second leg and attempted risky manoeuvre at very low height when the aircraft struck trees and crashed in a wooded area located 15 km east of Shurma, bursting into flames. Both pilots and the sole passenger (an aircraft mechanic who was in the second pilot's seat) were killed. At the time of the accident, the crew was intoxicated.
Probable cause:
It was determined that both pilots were intoxicated at the time of the accident. The captain had a level of 2,1‰ of alcohol in blood and 2,8‰ for the copilot.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-76MD in Kabul

Date & Time: Jun 12, 1990
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-76
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-86905
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Cargo
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Tashkent - Kabul
MSN:
00234 36054
YOM:
1982
Location:
Kabul
Kabul
Country:
Afghanistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
3343
Aircraft flight cycles:
2342
Circumstances:
While cruising over the Pagman Pass at an altitude of 7,700 meters on a cargo flight from Tashkent to Kabul, the aircraft was hit by a Stinger missile that struck the front left part of the fuselage. Three meters square of fuselage was sheared off and both left engine failed. The crew started an emergency descent while being 70 km from the Kabul Airport but was eventually forced to attempt an emergency landing in a field located few km from Kabul Airport. The aircraft landed with flaps and undercarriage up and came to rest. All 10 occupants were rescued, among them two were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Shot down by a Stinger missile.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Kletsko-Poshtovskiy

Date & Time: Jun 11, 1990 at 1225 LT
Type of aircraft:
PZL-Mielec AN-2
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-33042
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Spraying (Agricultural)
Survivors:
No
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Kletsko-Pochtovskiy - Kletsko-Pochtovskiy
MSN:
1G218-29
YOM:
1986
Location:
Kletsko-Poshtovskiy
Volgograd oblast
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Aircraft flight hours:
2557
Circumstances:
The captain decided to complete the spraying mission without his copilot but with an employee of the State farm 'Zimnyatsky' for which the flight was dispatched. Following two successful spraying missions, the pilot decided to make a low pass above the hotel where he was sleeping and made a passage at a height of about 50-75 meters. Then he initiated a climb to 200-250 meters when the aircraft rolled to the left at an angle of 16° and nosed down to angle of 21° when it plunged and crashed, bursting into flames. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the pilot decided to attempt a flight without his copilot. At the time of the accident, the pilot was intoxicated with a level of 1,3‰ of alcohol in his blood for 1,6‰ for the 'copilot'.
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