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Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 in Orlik: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 18, 1937
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1731
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Uralsk – Guryev
MSN:
9474
YOM:
1935
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Aircraft flight hours:
1281
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Uralsk on a cargo flight to Guryev, carrying two crew members and a load of 400 kg of fret and mail. En route, weather conditions worsened. Due to poor visibility, the pilot made an emergency landing near the village of Kalmykovo. About an hour later, as the visibility seems to be better, he took off again. The airplane failed to arrive at destination. The wreckage was found near the village of Orlik. The aircraft was destroyed and both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The following factors were identified:
- The pilot decided to continue the flight in poor visibility (between 50 and 200 metres) and failed to return,
- Lack of discipline,
- Overconfidence,
- The weather bulletin transmitted to the crew prior to departure from Uralsk were incomplete and inaccurate.

Crash of a Tupolev ANT-9 near Verkhnii-Naur: 1 killed

Date & Time: Feb 10, 1937
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L167
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tbilisi – Baku – Grozny – Moscow
MSN:
168
YOM:
1933
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
1404
Aircraft flight cycles:
1103
Circumstances:
The aircraft was on its way from Tbilisi to Moscow for maintenance purposes. The crew made a technical stop in Baku then continued to Grozny. On approach to Grozny, the crew encountered poor visibility due to foggy conditions. After 15-20 in such conditions, ice started to accumulate on the aircraft and several instruments such as the horizon, the gyrocompas and the speed indicator failed. The crew attempted an emergency landing when the aircraft crashed in an open field located about 30 km northwest of Grozny. The aircraft was destroyed and both occupants were seriously injured. The mechanic died from his injuries two days later.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain while cruising in fogy conditions. It was determined that the crew departed Baku Airport without any weather bulletin for Grozny.

Crash of a Polikarpov SP near Vladivostok: 1 killed

Date & Time: Feb 9, 1937 at 1600 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L2095
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Iman – Vladivostok
MSN:
8148
YOM:
1936
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
339
Circumstances:
The pilot was completing a mail flight from Iman to Vladivostok. Approaching the destination from the north, he encountered poor weather conditions with heavy snow falls. Flying low in limited visibility, the airplane impacted two tall trees and crashed in a wooded area located 25-30 km north of Vladivostok Airport. The wreckage was found two days later and the pilot was killed.
Probable cause:
The following factors were identified:
- Sudden deterioration of the weather conditions with low visibility due to heavy snow falls;
- The decision of the pilot to continue at low height in such conditions;
- The pilot did not receive any weather bulletin prior to the accident;
- Lack of discipline and overconfidence on part of the pilot.

Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 on Mt Akh-Dag: 1 killed

Date & Time: Dec 26, 1936
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-M50
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Basargechar - Yerevan
MSN:
9572
YOM:
1935
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
645
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed Basargechar at 1550LT on a cargo flight to Yerevan, carrying one pilot and a load of 240 kg of tobacco. While cruising in clouds over the Akhmangan Mountain Range, the airplane went out of control and impacted the slope of Mt Akh-Dag (3,454 metres high). As the airplane failed to arrive at destination, SAR operations were initiated but were eventually suspended on 15 January 1937. The wreckage was found on 26 August 1937. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot was killed.
Probable cause:
The pilot suffered a spatial disorientation while flying in clouds over mountainous terrain, causing a loss of control and a subsequent impact with terrain.
The following contributing factors were identified:
- The decision to fly another route over mountains was in violation of the published procedures,
- The number of daylight hours after takeoff from Basargechar was insufficient.

Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 in Sukhotinka: 2 killed

Date & Time: Dec 10, 1936 at 1235 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-Sh869
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Tambov - Balashov
MSN:
7986
YOM:
1934
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Aircraft flight hours:
585
Aircraft flight cycles:
2120
Circumstances:
The single enginer airplane departed Tambov on a training flight to Balashov with one instructor and one student pilot on board. About 15-20 minutes into the flight, while flying over the village of Sukhotinka, the airplane was following a road at low height when it entered clouds. Shortly later, it rolled to the left, descended to the ground and crashed. Both crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the combination of the following factors:
- The student pilot was not authorized to fly in clouds,
- The student pilot training was insufficient,
- The instructor was overconfident.

Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 near Kulob: 1 killed

Date & Time: Nov 21, 1936 at 1700 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1892
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Kulob - Stalinabad
MSN:
9492
YOM:
1935
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
1341
Aircraft flight cycles:
954
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed Kulob Airport at 1650LT on a cargo flight to Stalinabad, carrying one pilot and six bags of corn for a total weight of 425 kg. After takeoff, the pilot made several circuits over the airport to reach the altitude of 800 metres then sets course for Stalinabad. About 10 minutes later, while cruising at an altitude of 300 metres, the engine failed. The pilot attempted to make an emergency landing but there was not suitable terrain. Out of control, the airplane crashed on hilly terrain located about 10 km from Kulob. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot was killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the result of an engine failure due to the failure of the lower head of the 3rd cylinder connecting rod as a result of poor heat treatment. The accident occurred in an area that did not allow the pilot to make an emergency landing, which was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 in Mineralnye Vody: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 30, 1936 at 1520 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1706
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Mineralnye Vody – Rostov-on-Don
MSN:
9460
YOM:
1935
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
839
Circumstances:
The pilot departed Mineralnye Vody Airport on a cargo flight to Rostov-on-Don. Shortly after takeoff, while climbing to a height of 25 metres, he initiated a turn to the right when the airplane stalled and crashed, bursting into flames. The pilot was killed.
Probable cause:
Investigations were unable to determine the exact cause of the accident. Nevertheless, it is believed that the pilot precipitated the takeoff procedure to allow another plane to depart immediately behind him. It was established that the airplane rolled for a distance of 620 metres only prior to rotation and that its speed during the first turn was insufficient, causing it to stall.

Crash of a Tupolev ANT-7 off Malmyzh: 6 killed

Date & Time: Aug 4, 1936
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L2122
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky – Nizhnetambovskoye – Khabarovsk
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The float plane departed Nizhnetambovskoye at 1555LT on the final leg to Khabarovsk on a flight from Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky. The crew did not obtain any weather bulletin for en route and destination prior to takeoff. Also, several instruments such as the variometer, the path finder and the artificial horizon were unserviceable. After passing over Komsomolsk, weather conditions deteriorated with low clouds and the captain decided to reduce his altitude and to continue at a height of 150 metres. Later, stormy weather forced the pilot to lower again his altitude and eventually, he attempted to land on the Amur River. On final, he saw an island and initiated a sharp turn to the left when the left float impacted the water surface. The aircraft cartwheeled and crashed in the river off Malmyzh. A passenger and all three crew members were rescued while six other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the combination of the following factors:
- The crew took the decision to take off without weather report being able to inform them about the conditions en route and at destination;
- The crew took the decision to start the flight whereas instruments were out of order;
- The crew decided to continue the flight after encountering poor weather conditions rather than returning to Nizhnetambovskoye;
- A pilot error during the last turn.

Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 in Kuybyshev: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jul 31, 1936 at 0930 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1918
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Aktyubinsk – Kuybyshev – Moscow
MSN:
9466
YOM:
1935
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The pilot, sole on board, departed Aktyubinsk on a mail flight to Moscow with an intermediate stop in Kuybyshev. On approach to Kuybyshev Airport, the pilot completed a haft-circle to reach the runway when he realized his position was incorrect. He decided to initiate a go-around procedure when he saw the pipe of a foundry. While trying to get height, the airplane collided with the pipe and crashed, bursting into flames. The pilot was killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the result of a wrong approach configuration caused by pilot fatigue combined with poor piloting techniques.