Crash of a Lockheed L-188C Electra in Jamba: 141 killed

Date & Time: Dec 18, 1995
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
9Q-CRR
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Jamba - Kinshasa
MSN:
1080
YOM:
1959
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
139
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
141
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Jamba Airport, the four engine aircraft encountered difficulties to gain height, stalled and crashed in a field located few km from the airfield. The copilot and two passengers survived while 141 other occupants were killed, among them 83 children. The aircraft was completing a charter/humanitarian flight to Kinshasa to repatriate Congolese refugees.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the loss of control was the consequence of an overloaded aircraft that was certified to carry a maximum of 97 passengers.

Crash of a Cessna 402A in Avon Park: 2 killed

Date & Time: Dec 5, 1995 at 0632 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N402RL
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Avon Park – Moss Town – Port-au-Prince
MSN:
402A-0051
YOM:
1969
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
2700
Captain / Total hours on type:
104.00
Aircraft flight hours:
11512
Circumstances:
After takeoff at dawn on a foggy morning, the airplane collided with electrical transmission wires about one mile from the end of the runway, on an extended line about 50 degrees left of the extended runway centerline. The left wing tip fuel tank (left main) was partially severed from the airplane, breaching the tank. Additionally, the top of the vertical stabilizer and rudder were severed, and a portion of the windscreen was separated. A suggestion was made by the operator that the autopilot trim may have been improperly set, precipitating a nose pitch down upon engagement of the autopilot during the climb. The airplane continued to fly for about 20 minutes, then impacted in a steep right wing down attitude into a densely wooded area that was surrounded by open terrain. The ensuing fire precluded any determination of engine malfunction, systems' discrepancies, or wire strike damage to the left propeller. No determination of pilot incapacitation was possible because of the post impact fire. Based upon the ground witness statement, the left engine was probably inoperative following the wire strike. The impact attitude was inconsistent with a decreasing speed loss of control with the left engine inoperative. However, the flight control trim settings, left main fuel tank selected, and throttle quadrant settings all may have been indicative of pilot incapacitation that precluded proper emergency procedure response. Additionally, the airplane impacted into a densely wooded area surrounded by flatter terrain absent of tall obstacles.
Probable cause:
The failure of the pilot to maintain the proper climb rate and direction of flight following takeoff, resulting in a collision with obstacles. The reason for the loss of control and subsequent unusual attitude ground impact was not determined.
Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-12TB in Huambo

Date & Time: Nov 22, 1995
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
RA-11008
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Luanda - Huambo
MSN:
4 026 12
YOM:
1967
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a humanitarian flight from Luanda to Huambo, carrying three passengers, six crew members and a load of 13,579 kilos of food on behalf of the United Nations Organization. While descending to Huambo-Albano Machado Airport, the crew completed a last turn to join the approach path when he realized that his altitude was insufficient. Instead of initiating a go-around manoeuvre, the pilot-in-command continued the descent but landed too far down the runway which is 2,660 metres long. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran and came to rest 260 metres further. All nine occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the crew who landed too far down the runway and failed to initiate a go-around. It was reported that the undercarriage and flaps were deployed too late during the approach procedure. A lack of crew coordination and a poor planned approach and landing were considered as contributing factors.

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air near Menongue: 5 killed

Date & Time: Oct 21, 1995
Operator:
Registration:
ZS-MGR
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Luanda – Lanseria
MSN:
BB-19
YOM:
1975
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft was completing a special flight from Luanda to Lanseria on behalf of the World Food Programme. While cruising in poor weather conditions, the aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in an isolated area located in the region of Menongue. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all five occupants were killed. It was reported that weather was poor at the time of the accident with severe turbulences. The left aileron and a part of the left wing were never recovered and probably separated from the aircraft prior to the loss of control.

Crash of a Douglas C-47A-80-DL in Antananarivo: 36 killed

Date & Time: Jul 18, 1995
Registration:
5R-MMG
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Maintirano - Antananarivo
MSN:
19525
YOM:
1944
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
30
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
36
Circumstances:
On final approach to Antananarivo-Ivato Airport, the aircraft suffered a double engine failure, stalled and crashed 500 metres short of runway 11 threshold. Two passengers were seriously injured while 34 other occupants were killed. The day after the accident, both survivors died from their injuries. All occupants, except the military crew, were doctors, dentists and nurses coming from the island of La Réunion. There were returning to Antananarivo after taking part to a humanitarian mission at Maintirano. The aircraft had the dual registration 5R-MMG (civil) and 525 (military).
Probable cause:
Double engine failure on approach, possibly due to fuel exhaustion.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 400M in Jérémie

Date & Time: Jun 16, 1995
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
TC-73
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
10407
YOM:
1969
Country:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
31
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a humanitarian mission to Jérémie on behalf of the United Nations Organization. Upon touchdown, the left main gear collapsed. The aircraft went out of control, veered off runway and eventually collided with the Airport main terminal. All 35 occupants were rescued, among them two were seriously injured. The aircraft was written off.
Probable cause:
Failure of the left main gear upon landing for unknown reasons.

Crash of an AMI Turbo DC-3T in Likwangbala: 2 killed

Date & Time: Apr 13, 1995
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ZS-LYW
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
14357/25802
YOM:
1944
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in an humanitarian flight on behalf of Unicef. On approach to an airstrip somewhere near Likwangbala, the aircraft collided with trees and crashed. Both pilots were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-32 in Kinshasa: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jan 18, 1995
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
UR-48074
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
3010
YOM:
1992
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
28
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a humanitarian flight on behalf of the United Nations and was carrying 28 passengers, 4 crew members and various goods. On short final, at low height, the aircraft nosed down and struck the ground few metres short of runway threshold. Out of control, the aircraft came to rest few dozen metres further. Fifteen occupants were injured, 16 others escaped uninjured and one passenger died.
Probable cause:
It was determined that on final approach, the attachments used to fix the cargo failed, causing the load to move forward and the aircraft to nose down.

Crash of a Basler BT-67 in Lobito: 2 killed

Date & Time: Dec 16, 1994 at 0715 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N96BF
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Lobito - Luanda
MSN:
13321
YOM:
1944
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The aircraft was engaged in a humanitarian flight from Lobito to Luanda on behalf of the International Committee of the Red Cross, carrying two pilots and a load of 4,6 tons of green beans. After takeoff, while climbing to a height of about 50 feet, the aircraft stalled and crashed by the runway. The aircraft was destroyed and both pilots were killed.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty but it is believed that the loss of control that occurred during initial climb was the consequence of an unexpected shift of the cargo.

Crash of an Antonov AN-26B in Saborsko: 7 killed

Date & Time: Jul 31, 1994 at 0033 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
UR-26207
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Ćoralići – Pula
MSN:
14202
YOM:
1985
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a humanitarian flight from Ćoralići to Pula on behalf of the United Nations Organization. En route, while cruising by night, the aircraft was shot down by fire and crashed in a wooded area located near Saborsko, Croatia. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all seven occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Shot down by ground fire.