Crash of a Cessna 421A Golden Eagle I in Albuquerque: 2 killed

Date & Time: Mar 25, 1988 at 1801 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
C-GVDG
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kansas City - Albuquerque
MSN:
421A-0067
YOM:
1968
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
2180
Captain / Total hours on type:
91.00
Circumstances:
The pilot and one passenger were on a business trip in the US from canada. The pilot had the aircraft fuel tanks 'topped off' prior to departure from Kansas City. The flight plan indicated 3 hours 30 min enroute to Albuquerque with 5 hours 30 min of fuel on board. Strong enroute winds and turbulence were forecast along the route of flight. The actual flight was 4.4 hrs. The aircraft crashed while turning from base leg to final at the Albuquerque Intl Airport. Examination of the wreckage revealed no evidence of fuel in or around the aircraft. The manufacturer recommends using the main tanks for 90 minutes before switching to any aux tank to prevent venting of return fuel overboard. Vented fuel will diminish fuel supply. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (partial) - nonmechanical
Phase of operation: approach - vfr pattern - base leg/base to final
Findings
1. (c) fuel system - not understood - pilot in command
2. (c) fluid, fuel - exhaustion
3. (c) fuel dumped - inadvertent - pilot in command
4. (f) weather condition - unfavorable wind
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Findings
5. (c) stall/spin - inadvertent - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402C in Chicago: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jul 20, 1987 at 2219 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N3742C
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Chicago - Kansas City
MSN:
402C-0600
YOM:
1974
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
3200
Aircraft flight hours:
2597
Circumstances:
On initial climb the pilot reported 'just lost one', followed by a loss of control and descent into a residential area. Subsequent investigation revealed a loose connection between the left engine throttle serrated washer and the serrated shaft. The engine had been removed and reinstalled a few flight hours prior to the occurrence. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
The NTSB determines the probable cause(s) of this accident to be:
Failure of maintenance personnel to perform proper installation of the left throttle linkage.
Findings:
Occurrence #1: airframe/component/system failure/malfunction
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Findings
1. (c) induction air control, linkage - loose
2. (c) maintenance, installation - improper - other maintenance personnel
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: takeoff
Findings
3. (c) propeller feathering - not performed - pilot in command
4. (c) airspeed (vmc) - disregarded - pilot in command
5. (f) light condition - dark night
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Findings
6. Object - wire, static
7. Object - building (nonresidential)
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 707-351C in Kansas City: 4 killed

Date & Time: Apr 13, 1987 at 2155 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N144SP
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Oklahoma City – Wichita – Kansas City – Fort Wayne
MSN:
19209
YOM:
1966
Flight number:
BV721
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
10000
Captain / Total hours on type:
3500.00
Circumstances:
Buffalo Airways flight 721, a regularly scheduled cargo flight, was operating between Oklahoma City, OK, and Fort Wayne, IN (FWA), with en route stops at Wichita, KS (ICT), and Kansas City, MO (MCI). The flight to Wichita was routine. En route to Kansas City, the crew deviated from course to avoid thunderstorms, but the descent into the terminal area was routine. At 21:42 flight 721 contacted the TRACON arrival radar controller. The controller directed the flight to turn to 060 degrees and told the flightcrew that they were being vectored to the ILS localizer for the ILS approach to runway 1. About 21:47 while the airplane was descending through about 6,500 feet, the first officer, who had been flying the airplane, turned the controls over to the captain. Buffalo Airways' regulations required captains to make all the approaches and landings whenever the ceilings and visibilities were less than 400 feet and 1 mile, respectively. At 21:50, after several intermediate descent clearances, flight 721 was cleared to descend to 2,400 feet. At 21:51, the controller told flight 721 that it was "five miles from DOTTE (the LOM), turn left zero four zero, maintain two thousand four hundred until established, cleared ILS runway one approach." The crew had completed the before-landing checklist, the landing gear was down and locked, and the flaps had been extended to 25 degrees, as required, for landing. At 21:52:40, the local controller advised flight 721 that it was No. 2 to land and that the winds were zero four zero at eight knots, and that the RVR on runway 1 was more than 6,000 feet. At 21:52:47, the first officer stated, "Localizer alive." The first office reported the airplane's altitude during the descent in 100-foot increments above "minimums (DH)" until the airplane reached the decision height. At 21:53:07, the first officer called, "Marker inbound." The flightcrew then received ATIS information "Sierra" which stated that the weather at the airport was in part: ceiling--100 feet, overcast; visibility 1/2 mile, fog; wind 40° at 8 knots. At 21:53:24, the captain remarked, "Already started the approach." At 21:53:32, 4 seconds after reporting that the airplane was 200 feet above minimums, the first officer told the local controller that, "Seven twenty-one is the marker inbound." The local controller acknowledged receipt of the message. At 21:53:41, after receiving a low-altitude alert generated by the Automated Radar Tracking System III (ARTS III) computer's Minimum Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW) function, the local controller warned flight 721 to "check altitude immediately should be two thousand four hundred, altimeter two nine six one." Flight 721 did not respond. However, the captain said "Call the radar (radio) altimeter please." At 21:53:46, the first officer responded, "Okay, there's twelve hundred on the (radio) altimeter." At 21:53:50, the local controller again called the flight and warned, "I have a low altitude alert, climb and maintain two thousand four hundred." Again, the flightcrew did not acknowledge receipt of the warning. At 21:53:51, a crewmember called out "pull it up," and at 2153:52, the captain applied power followed almost simultaneously by sounds of initial impact. Flight 721 struck the tops of trees on a 950-foot-high ridge about 3 nmi short of the approach end of runway 1. The airplane cut a relatively level 750- to 800-foot-long swath through the tree tops about 20 to 30 feet above the ground. The swath ended as the ridge and tree tops sloped downward. The airplane then rolled and turned to the right as it descended into the main impact area 2,000 feet beyond the initial impact site. All four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the captain’s intentional descent below the DH. Contributing to the accident was the breakdown in flightcrew coordination procedures which contributed to the failure of the captain and the first officer to detect that the airplane had not intercepted and was below the ILS glideslope. Also contributing to the accident was the failure, for unknown reasons, of the airplane’s GPWS to provide an unsafe deviation below the ILS glideslope warning.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain in Independence: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jan 20, 1987 at 1228 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N60SE
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kansas City - Saint Louis
MSN:
31-8352010
YOM:
1983
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
7418
Captain / Total hours on type:
596.00
Aircraft flight hours:
861
Circumstances:
The two aircraft, a Beech U-21A and a Piper PA-31-350, collided nearly head on at 7,000 feet msl over Independence, MO. In daylight VMC conditions with a visibility of 20 miles. The U-21 was in level cruise and the PA-31 was climbing eastbound to an undisclosed altitude enroute to Saint Louis. Both aircraft were equipped with operating mode-c transponders but the controller in contact with the U-21 did not observe the conflict and traffic advisories were not provided. The PA-31 was operating in accordance with visual flight rules. The U-21 was operating in accordance with instrument flight rules. After the collision both aircraft crashed in uncontrolled descent. There was no indication that either aircraft took any evasive action. The conflict alert subprogram of the ARTS III tracking system was not programmed to alert the controllers to the impending collision and the two controllers did not observe any target in the vicinity of the data block representing the U-21. All six occupants in both aircraft were killed.
Probable cause:
The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the accident was the failure of the radar controllers to detect the conflict and to issue traffic advisories or a safety alert to the flightcrew of the U-21; deficiencies of the see and avoid concept as a primary means of collision avoidance; and the lack of automated redundancy in the air traffic control system to provide conflict detection between participating and nonparticipating aircraft.
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 24 in Detroit

Date & Time: Sep 3, 1986 at 0653 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N88JF
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Kansas City - Detroit
MSN:
24-110
YOM:
1966
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
3468
Captain / Total hours on type:
233.00
Aircraft flight hours:
8468
Circumstances:
The crew attempted an ILS approach with indefinite ceiling and RVR down to zero due to fog. The copilot was at controls. During a missed approach, the aircraft contacted runway where glideslope intersects terrain with sufficient force to shear all three landing gear. The right engine spolled down during climbout. The crew diverted to Detroit-Metropolitan Airport and complete a gear up landing. Minor fire broke out during ground slide. Both altimeters bench checked within tolerances. All three crew escaped with minor injuries.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: missed approach (IFR)
Findings
1. (c) missed approach - improper - copilot/second pilot
2. (f) lack of total experience in type of aircraft - copilot/second pilot
3. (c) minimum descent altitude - exceeded - copilot/second pilot
4. (f) overconfidence in personal ability - pilot in command
5. (c) supervision - improper - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of engine power
Phase of operation: climb
Findings
6. (c) engine installation, suspension mounts - previous damage
----------
Occurrence #3: fire
Phase of operation: landing - roll
Findings
7. (c) landing gear - previous damage
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft TC-45J Expeditor in Kansas City: 1 killed

Date & Time: Dec 5, 1983 at 1710 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N704M
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Quincy – Kansas City
MSN:
5495
YOM:
1942
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
3200
Aircraft flight hours:
20776
Circumstances:
The aircraft was a Beech TC-45J that had been modified into a Hamilton Turboliner under STC SA-1821-WE. During arrival, the pilot reported that he encountered moderate icing at 4,000 feet. He made a localizer-only approach to runway 35. An ATC specialist stated that they saw the aircraft break out of the clouds over the approach end of the runway. At about that time, the pilot transmitted that he was going to enter a left base turn for runway 35 and that he had the runway in sight. He started a turn, and shortly thereafter, the aircraft enter a steep nose down attitude. The aircraft impacted in a railroad yard in a relatively level attitude with the landing gear extended and the wing flaps retracted. However, during impact, it was still descending at a steep angle (estimated approximately 30°). It was destroyed by impact and ground fire. No preimpact, mechanical failure or malfunction was found. The minimum ceiling and visibility for a straight-in approach were 500 feet and one mile, and for a circling approach, the minimums were 700 feet and one mile. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: approach
Findings
1. (f) flight into known adverse weather - continued - pilot in command
2. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
3. (f) weather condition - rain
4. (f) weather condition - icing conditions
5. (f) weather condition - fog
6. (f) weather condition - below approach/landing minimums
7. (f) not performed - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: circling (IFR)
Findings
8. Go-around - initiated - pilot in command
9. Maneuver - initiated - pilot in command
10. (c) airspeed - inadequate - pilot in command
11. (c) stall - inadvertent - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402A in Kansas City: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jan 21, 1982 at 1924 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N4553Q
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Springdale - Kansas City
MSN:
402-0053
YOM:
1979
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
5993
Captain / Total hours on type:
1200.00
Aircraft flight hours:
3746
Circumstances:
The pilot received two weather briefings. Most of the first briefing was spend finding an alternate. The forecast include IMC with low ceilings, low visibilities with light snow, fog and possible freezing drizzle. The aircraft was not certificated for flight in known icing conditions. During arrival, the plane entered an overcast at 3,500 feet MSL. Two minutes later, the pilot reported and encounter with freezing precipitation. The first approach was abandoned in the vicinity of the FAF/outer marker after the pilot flew through the localizer course line and was half mile to the right. He was vectored for another ILS approach. While inbound on the approach, he was informed that approach control had received a low altitude alert. He was reminded that his altitude should be 2,600 feet until reaching the FAF; however, he reached only 2,400 feet. His airspeed was much higher than normal while descending from the FAF. The plane struck a building and burned about 1/3 mile northeast of the end of runway 18. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
In flight encounter with weather during approach - FAF/outer marker to threshold (IFR), loss of control and subsequent collision with object. The following findings were reported:
- Dark night,
- Low ceiling,
- Fog,
- Snow,
- Rain,
- Icing conditions,
- Wing ice,
- The pilot initiated operation with known deficiencies in equipment,
- Overconfidence in aircraft's ability on part of the pilot,
- The pilot continued flight into known adverse weather,
- Overconfidence in personal ability on part of the pilot,
- Non residential building.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander 685 in Kansas City: 4 killed

Date & Time: Sep 4, 1981 at 1645 LT
Registration:
N777MM
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kansas City - Rapid City
MSN:
685-12030
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
4640
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Kansas City Airport, while climbing, the airplane suffered an engine failure. The airplane lost height and entered a spin then crashed in a field, bursting into flames. All four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Stall and subsequent crash after engine structure failed. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Lack of lubrication - specifica part, not system,
- Oil starvation,
- The pilot failed to follow approved procedures,
- Improper emergency procedures,
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Improperly loaded aircraft,
- Complete engine failure one engine,
- N° 4, 5, 6 main engine bearings, n°1, 2, 6 rod bearings and front prop shaft bearing failed,
- Approximately 400 lbs over max gross weight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Mitsubishi MU-2B-10 Marquise in Gardner

Date & Time: Apr 9, 1979 at 1350 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N251M
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Iola - Kansas City
MSN:
013
YOM:
1967
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
1657
Captain / Total hours on type:
908.00
Circumstances:
En route from Iola to Kansas City, the crew encountered engine problems and was cleared to divert to Gardner Municipal Airport. On approach, both engines failed, forcing the crew to attempt an emergency landing. The airplane crash landed one mile west of the airfield. All three occupants escaped with minor injuries.
Probable cause:
Controlled collision with ground due to double engine failure. The following contributing factors were reported.
- Poor ground servicing,
- Water in fuel,
- Complete failure of both engines,
- Forced landing off airport on land,
- Fuel truck contaminated with water.
Final Report:

Crash of a Mitsubishi MU-2J Marquise in Raton: 6 killed

Date & Time: Aug 25, 1978 at 2337 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N178MA
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kansas City - Raton
MSN:
554
YOM:
1972
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
3702
Captain / Total hours on type:
679.00
Circumstances:
While descending by night to Raton Airport on a taxi flight from Kansas City, the twin engine airplane struck the ground and crashed few miles from the airfield. The aircraft was destroyed and all six occupants were killed. The wreckage was found two days later.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain while descending by night due to improper in-flight decisions. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Misjudged altitude and clearance,
- Physical impairment,
- Alcoholic impairment of efficiency and judgment,
- Alcohol 64 mg % from lung tissue and 54 mg % from gastric contents.
Final Report: