Ground accident of a Douglas C-47A-65-DL in Chicago

Date & Time: Mar 29, 1977
Operator:
Registration:
N57131
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
19040
YOM:
1943
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While taxiing at Chicago-O'Hare Airport to reach the Emery Air Freight Terminal, the airplane was caught by strong crosswinds. It went out of the taxiway and collided with an electrical transformer before coming to rest in flames. Both pilots were injured and the aircraft was destroyed by fire. It was leased from Pinehurst Airlines.

Crash of a Convair CV-880-22-2 in Chicago

Date & Time: Dec 20, 1972 at 1800 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N8807E
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tampa - Chicago
MSN:
22-00-29
YOM:
1960
Flight number:
DL954
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
86
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5500
Captain / Total hours on type:
2400.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
3600
Copilot / Total hours on type:
500
Aircraft flight hours:
37640
Circumstances:
Flight DL954 from Tampa landed uneventfully at Chicago-O'Hare Airport. The crew was cleared to taxi to the gate and to cross runway 27L when the airplane was struck by a North Central Airlines Douglas DC-9-31 registered N954N. En route to Duluth via Madison, the DC-9 was carrying 41 passengers and a crew of four and his pilot just received the clearance to take off from runway 27L. One of the DC-9's wing struck the tail of the Convair that stopped immediately. out of control, the DC-9 veered off runway and came to rest in flames. The Convair was damaged beyond repair and the DC-9 was destroyed by a post crash fire. Among the 93 occupants on board the Convair, 10 were injured. Among the 45 occupants on board the DC-9, 10 were killed and 35 were injured, some of them seriously.
Probable cause:
Failure of the air traffic control system to ensure separation of aircraft during a period of restricted visibility. This failure included the following:
- The controller omitted a critical word which made his transmission to the flight crew of the Delta CV-880 ambiguous,
- The controller did not use all the available information to determine the location of the CV-880,
- The CV-880 flight crew did not request clarification of the controller's communications.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-31 in Chicago: 10 killed

Date & Time: Dec 20, 1972 at 1800 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N954N
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chicago – Madison – Duluth
MSN:
47159
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
NC575
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
41
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Captain / Total flying hours:
20261
Captain / Total hours on type:
3455.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4537
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1601
Aircraft flight hours:
11812
Circumstances:
The crew was cleared to takeoff from runway 27L. During the takeoff roll completed by night and a visibility limited to 250 feet due to fog, the captain called for rotation and the copilot, the pilot-in-command, started the rotation when one of the wing struck the tail of a Delta Airlines Convair CV-880. Registered N8807E, the Convair just landed at O'Hare Airport on flight DL954 from Tampa and its crew was cleared to cross runway 27L to roll to the gate. The collision caused the tail of the Convair to be torn off. Out of control, the DC-9 landed back onto the runway then veered off and came to rest in flames. The Convair was damaged beyond repair and the DC-9 was destroyed by a post crash fire. While 10 people on board the Convair were injured, 10 passengers on board the DC-9 were killed and 35 others were injured, some of them seriously.
Probable cause:
Failure of the air traffic control system to ensure separation of aircraft during a period of restricted visibility. This failure included the following:
- The controller omitted a critical word which made his transmission to the flight crew of the Delta CV-880 ambiguous,
- The controller did not use all the available information to determine the location of the CV-880,
- The CV-880 flight crew did not request clarification of the controller's communications.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 727-64 in Mexico City: 27 killed

Date & Time: Sep 21, 1969 at 1720 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XA-SEJ
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chicago - Mexico City
MSN:
19255/331
YOM:
1966
Flight number:
MX801
Country:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
115
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
27
Circumstances:
On final approach to runway 23L at Mexico City-Benito Juárez Airport, the three engine airplane lost height and struck the ground about 1,5 km short of runway threshold. It bounced and became airborne again when the nose gear and the forward fuselage struck a railway embankment. Out of control, the airplane crashed and broke into several pieces near the runway threshold. 80 people were wounded while 15 others were uninjured. Five crew members and 22 passengers were killed. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty due to negligence on part of the technicians in charge of the aircraft maintenance. Investigations revealed that at the time of the accident, the Flight Data Recorder (FDR) was not properly installed and was unserviceable. It was later reported that the technicians failed to follow the published procedures regarding the FDR installation process. No Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) was on board at the time of the accident as the same technicians did not reinstall it prior to the flight. In such conditions, the airplane was unairworthy.

Crash of a Convair CV-580 in Chicago: 28 killed

Date & Time: Dec 27, 1968 at 2022 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N2045
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Minneapolis – Wausau – Green Bay – Manitowoc – Milwaukee – Chicago
MSN:
369
YOM:
1968
Flight number:
NC458
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
41
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
28
Captain / Total flying hours:
10972
Captain / Total hours on type:
123.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2421
Copilot / Total hours on type:
526
Aircraft flight hours:
27180
Circumstances:
On final approach by night to Chicago-O'Hare Airport, at an altitude of 200 feet, the captain decided to make a go-around when the airplane lors height, struck the ground then crashed inverted onto a hangar. Three crew members, 24 passengers and one people on the ground were killed while 18 other were injured.
Probable cause:
Spatial disorientation of the captain precipitated by atmospheric refraction of either the approach lights or landing lights at a critical point in the approach wherein the crew was transitioning between flying by reference to flight instruments and by visual reference to the ground.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-15 in Sioux City

Date & Time: Dec 27, 1968 at 0711 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N974Z
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sioux Falls – Sioux City – Chicago
MSN:
47034/162
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
OZ982
Location:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
64
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
19146
Captain / Total hours on type:
63.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
6048
Copilot / Total hours on type:
20
Aircraft flight hours:
3458
Circumstances:
At approximately 0711LT, the aircraft crashed while taking off from the Sioux City Airport, Iowa. There were no fatalities. Among the 64 passengers and four crewmembers, 10 passengers were hospitalized with minor injuries and three crew members received serious injuries. The aircraft was destroyed in the crash. There was no fire. Flight 982 began its takeoff on Runway 35 with the flight crew aware that ice was present on the wings. The aircraft lifted off and the landing gear was selected to the up position by the first officer. The captain began turning off the landing and taxi lights. As the landing gear began to retract, the aircraft rolled abruptly and violently to the right to an angle of bank estimated by the flight crew to have reached 900. The captain applied additional power and left rudder in an attempt to level the wings. When no immediate response was noted, he then applied left aileron. With the application of left aileron, the right wing came up; however, the roll continued to the left until the left wing contacted the runway. At this point, the captain discontinued the takeoff. He approximately 110 feet beyond the departure threshold of Runway 35. succeeded in leveling the wings prior to final ground contact, The aircraft came to rest in a grove of trees approximately 1,181 feet beyond the departure end of Runway 35.
Probable cause:
A stall near the upper limits of ground effect, with subsequent loss of control as a result of aerodynamic and weight penalties of airfoil icing. The flight crew failed to have the airfoil ice removed prior to the attempted take-off from Sioux City. The Board also finds that the crew selected an improper takeoff thrust for the existing gross weight condition of the aircraft.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 727-22C in Chicago

Date & Time: Mar 21, 1968 at 0353 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N7425U
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chicago - San Francisco
MSN:
19200/416
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
UA9963
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
10500
Captain / Total hours on type:
1033.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1280
Copilot / Total hours on type:
135
Aircraft flight hours:
2208
Circumstances:
The takeoff warning horn sounded shortly after commencing takeoff from runway 09R. The takeoff was continued as the crew tried to figure out what caused the warning. The horn ceased prior to reaching rotate speed. The stick shaker came on and thrust was added, but the aircraft failed to climb and the captain elected to discontinue the takeoff. The 727 settled back to the macadam shoulder off the right side of the runway and struck a ditch, coming to rest 1,100 feet beyond the runway end and 300 feet right of the extended centreline. The aircraft was destroyed by a post crash fire and all three crew members were injured. The flaps had been set at 2° instead of takeoff range of 5°-25°.
Probable cause:
The failure of the crew to abort the takeoff after being warned of an unsafe takeoff condition.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft C-45H Expeditor in Chicago

Date & Time: Feb 23, 1968 at 1945 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N9943Z
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
AF-208
YOM:
1952
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5700
Captain / Total hours on type:
110.00
Circumstances:
While properly aligned on the glide, the pilot lost control of the airplane that crashed few miles short of runway threshold. The pilot was injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control caused by vortex from a preceding aircraft landing at the same airport. The pilot did not allow adequate separation behind landing jet aircraft.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 727-100 off Chicago: 30 killed

Date & Time: Aug 16, 1965 at 2120 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N7036U
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
New York – Chicago
MSN:
18328
YOM:
1965
Flight number:
UA389
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
24
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
30
Captain / Total flying hours:
17142
Captain / Total hours on type:
59.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8466
Copilot / Total hours on type:
363
Aircraft flight hours:
611
Circumstances:
A United Air Lines, Inc., Boeing 727-22, N7036U, Flight 389 (UAL 389) was a regularly scheduled domestic passenger/cargo flight from LaGuardia Airport, New York to O'Hare International Airport, Chicago, Illinois. The aircraft had arrived at LaGuardia, on the date of the accident, following a trip from Los Angeles, California, with stops at Sacramento, California, Reno, Nevada, Denver, Colorado, and Chicago, Illinois. The flight crew of UAL 389 reported for duty at LaGuardia Airport one hour before scheduled departure where they prepared for the flight to Chicago. The stewardesses arrived with the aircraft from Chicago. Persons known to have been in contact with the crew prior to their departure from New York noticed nothing unusual about their behavior or appearance. UAL 389 departed LaGuardia at 1952 on an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plan at FL 350 and estimated their arrival time at O'Hare to be 2127. The crew reported at FL 350 at 2011.35. At 2102 UAL 389 came under control of the Chicago Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) reporting its altitude as FL 350 and was cleared to the O'Hare Airport via Pullman VORTAC direct to the Northbrook VORTAC, direct O'Hare and to maintain FL 350. This clearance was acknowledged correctly and the crew was advised that radar contact had been established. At 2103 the ARTCC controller cleared UAL 389 to descend to FL 240 and to "start descent now through 31" (FL 310). UAL 389 replied "...down to 240, leaving three five." At 2106 UAL 389 was cleared to continue its descent to 14,000 feet and given an altimeter setting of 29.90 inches for O'Hare. This message was acknowledged immediately and in reply to the controller's inquiry the crew reported they were leaving FL 280 "now." At 2109 the flight was instructed to change frequencies and within the same minute reported out of FL 260 descending to fourteen thousand. This was the last altitude information received from the crew. At 2111 the flight was cleared to descend to 6,000 feet and the clearance was immediately acknowledged correctly. At 2118:35 control of the flight was passed to Chicago Approach Control (ORD). The radar target of UAL 389 was in the vicinity of the Sturgeon Intersection (intersection of the 011 radial of Chicago Heights and 076 radial of Northbrook VORTAC, 28 miles east of Northbrook VORTAC). At 2118:38 the target was observed approximately 2 miles east of the intersection. At 2119:36 the crew contacted ORD and was advised that radar contact had been established. At this time the aircraft target was 2-3 miles west of Sturgeon. UAL 389 was cleared to maintain 6,000 feet and to depart the Northbrook VORTAC on a heading of 240 degrees. The flight was advised that instrument landing system approaches were in progress on runway 14R at O'Hare and that the current O'Hare altimeter setting was 29.93. The pilot read back the altimeter setting incorrectly, the controller corrected him, and the pilot repeated it correctly. This was the last communication received from the flight and ended at 2120:03. The airplane crashed into Lake Michigan and exploded upon impact. All 30 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The Board is unable to determine the reason for the aircraft not being leveled off at its assigned altitude of 6,000 feet.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-3A in Chicago: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 8, 1964 at 2356 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N410D
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Pellston – Chicago
MSN:
4970
YOM:
1942
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
28
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
5232
Captain / Total hours on type:
923.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
550
Copilot / Total hours on type:
15
Aircraft flight hours:
37744
Circumstances:
A Douglas DC-3A, N410D, operated by and registered to Hansen Air Activities, crashed into an occupied house 7-1/2 miles west-northwest of the Chicago O'Hare International Airport at 2356 c.s.t., March 8, 1964. The copilot sustained fatal injuries and three of the 28 passengers received minor injuries. None of the six persons in the house were injured. The aircraft was damaged substantially. The crew was attempting an ILS approach to runway 14R in instrument flight conditions when turbulence was encountered, accompanied by a rapid accretion of airframe icing. The crew was unable to maintain directional stability or altitude, and abandoned the approach. After leaving the approach course, the aircraft continued to descend in an uncontrolled condition until it crashed.
Probable cause:
The Board determines the probable cause of this accident was the failure of the crew to utilize available de-icing equipment and engine power to maintain positive control of the aircraft under conditions of rapid airframe ice accretion and vortex induced turbulence.
Final Report: