Crash of a Cessna 402C in Albertville: 2 killed

Date & Time: Aug 31, 1984 at 0810 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N55LP
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Decatur - Albertville
MSN:
402C-0102
YOM:
1979
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
7500
Captain / Total hours on type:
400.00
Aircraft flight hours:
5319
Circumstances:
Pilot was executing an non-directional beacon approach to runway 23. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. Radar information obtained during the investigation revealed the pilot did not stabilize the airspeed while executing the approach. Witnesses near the accident site indicated they had heard a low flying aircraft at the approximate time of the accident. The wreckage path revealed a gradual descent swath in the trees which terminated with ground impact. Witnesses near the airport stated that the airport was obscured by fog. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (ifr)
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - fog
2. (f) not performed - pilot in command
3. (c) overconfidence in personal ability - pilot in command
4. (c) minimum descent altitude - exceeded - pilot in command
5. (c) clearance - not maintained - pilot in command
6. (c) decision height - disregarded - pilot in command
7. (c) airspeed - uncontrolled - pilot in command
8. (c) ifr procedure - not followed - pilot in command
9. (c) in-flight planning/decision - poor - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402A near Machakos: 9 killed

Date & Time: Aug 8, 1984
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
5Y-AMS
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Mombasa - Nairobi
MSN:
402A-0038
YOM:
1979
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
On a charter flight from Mombasa to Nairobi, the pilot encountered foggy conditions. While cruising at an insufficient altitude, the twin engine aircraft struck the Malwa Hill located near Machakos. The aircraft was destroyed and all nine occupants were killed, among them eight European tourists; 4 Italians, two French and two Swiss.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain in foggy conditions.

Crash of a Cessna 402C off Boston: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jun 30, 1984 at 0820 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N120PB
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Provincetown - Boston
MSN:
402C-0473
YOM:
1981
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
3336
Circumstances:
During arrival, the flight was cleared for an ILS/DME approach to runway 27. While on the approach, the aircraft crashed in the ocean about 2.7 miles east of the runway threshold. The pilot reported that he was making the approach, using instruments, and landed short for unknown reasons. He received a serious head injury, but was rescued by fishermen who heard the aircraft crash and went to where they heard the voices of the victims in the fog. The 0835 weather at Boston was in part: partial obscuration, 25,000 feet overcast, 4 miles visibility with fog and haze, wind from 140° at 7 knots. Other pilots reported low ceilings and a fog bank in the vicinity of the crash site. The captain survived while the copilot died.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (IFR)
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
2. (f) weather condition - fog
3. (f) weather condition - haze/smoke
4. (c) IFR procedure - improper - pilot in command
5. (c) decision height - not identified - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402B off Bimini: 6 killed

Date & Time: Mar 31, 1984 at 0845 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N44NC
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Fort Lauderdale - Bimini
MSN:
402B-0852
YOM:
1975
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
4500
Captain / Total hours on type:
1510.00
Aircraft flight hours:
6387
Circumstances:
This aircraft disappeared on a flight from Fort Lauderdale, FL to Bimini, Bahamas. After departure, the aircraft flight plan was activated by radio. This was the last communication with the aircraft. An itap radar readout revealed an aircraft flight that departed at the appropriate time. This target headed for Bimini, and after about 10 minutes, slowed to 90 knots airspeed. About 4 minutes later the target entered a 5,400 fpm rate of descent and disappeared off radar. Two witnesses saw an aircraft crash into the water near Bimini between 0830 and 0900 on 3/31. The missing aircraft departed Fort Lauderdale at 0823 on 3/31/84. Th aircraft and all six occupants were not recovered. The injury index and acft damage are presumed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: missing aircraft
Phase of operation: unknown
Findings
1. (c) reason for occurrence undetermined
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402C near Sarasota: 4 killed

Date & Time: Mar 26, 1984 at 2128 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N620AC
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Fort Myers - Sarasota
MSN:
402C-0455
YOM:
1981
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Aircraft flight hours:
7454
Circumstances:
The aircraft collided with trees and the ground during flight in adverse weather. There is no record of the pilot receiving a pre-flight briefing and no flight plan was filed. Witnesses heard an aircraft flying low followed by a loud thud. About 16 miles north at Sarasota, FL, the 2128 est weather was: 200 feet partial obscuration, visibility 3 miles with fog. Persons in the vicinity of the accident stated that the area had heavy, patchy ground fog. All four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: cruise - normal
Findings
1. (f) preflight planning/preparation - inadequate - pilot in command
2. (f) light condition - dark night
3. (f) weather condition - fog
4. (f) weather condition - obscuration
5. (c) flight into known adverse weather - continued - pilot in command
6. (f) visual/aural perception - pilot in command
7. (f) lack of total instrument time - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: maneuvering
Findings
8. (f) object - tree(s)
9. (c) proper altitude - not maintained - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402C in Keene: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 3, 1984 at 1713 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N6814G
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Concord - Morristown
MSN:
402C-0647
YOM:
1982
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
4300
Captain / Total hours on type:
3700.00
Aircraft flight hours:
368
Circumstances:
The pilot had filed an IFR flight plan; however, he took off in VFR conditions and did not activate the flight plan. Radar data showed that the latter part of the flight was flown at 6,300 feet, then at 1712:39 est, a descent was begun. One minute later, the flight was last recorded at 3,700 feet. Subsequently, the aircraft crashed near the top of a 3,165 feet mountain. The elevation of the crash site was about 3,000 feet. The terrain was rocky and covered with ice and snow when the investigators arrived at the crash site. Approximately 8 miles west-northwest at Keene, NH, the 1755 est weather was, in part, 3,200 feet broken, 5,500 feet overcast, visibility 10 miles, wind from 130° at 10 knots. The elevation of the Dillant-Hopkins Airport at Keene was 487 feet. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: cruise - normal
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - clouds
2. Descent - initiated - pilot in command
3. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: maneuvering
Findings
4. (f) light condition - dusk
5. (c) in-flight planning/decision - improper - pilot in command
6. (f) visual/aural detection - pilot in command
7. (f) terrain condition - high terrain
8. (c) proper altitude - not maintained - pilot in command
9. (f) terrain condition - mountainous/hilly
10. (f) terrain condition - snow covered
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402 near Ngong

Date & Time: Dec 7, 1983
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
5Y-AJZ
Flight Phase:
Site:
MSN:
402-0113
YOM:
1969
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances in the Ngong Hills National Reserve located south of Ngong. Occupant fate unknown.

Crash of a Cessna 402 in Moyo

Date & Time: Sep 20, 1983
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
5X-LCP
Flight Phase:
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances while taking off from a soggy airfield at Mayo. Occupant fate unknown.

Crash of a Cessna 402C in Tarapoto: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jul 18, 1983
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
OB-T-1252
Survivors:
No
MSN:
402C-0649
YOM:
1982
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
While approaching Tarapoto-Comandante Guillermo del Castillo Paredes Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions. The twin engine airplane crashed in unclear conditions few km from the airport, killing both occupants.

Crash of a Cessna 402B in Cape Town: 7 killed

Date & Time: Jun 5, 1983 at 1323 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ZS-KVG
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Cape Town - Lanseria
MSN:
402B-1094
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
The pilot, Lorance Weinberg, had a history of logging hours on aircraft he had not been trained to fly as well as logging hours on aircraft in which he had only traveled as a passenger. On 4 June 1983 he booked a Cessna 402 under false pretenses to fly to Durban, but in fact took a party of 9 to Cape Town for a wedding. The following day he filed an IFR flight plan to return to Johannesburg when he was not IFR rated, but had trouble filling in the forms. He took off just before 13:00 in deteriorating weather with his 8 passengers and immediately ran into trouble. He did not follow any instructions from air traffic control and evaded their questions when they decided it would be best to bring him back for landing. It was noted on radar that he was flying in ever decreasing circles until the aircraft finally crashed onto the Polkadraai Road running between Kuils River and Stellenbosch. Weinberg, five adult passengers and a baby were killed, but two adults survived.
Source: Fields of Air by James Byrom.
Probable cause:
The CAA determined that the pilot had undertaken a flight for which he was not qualified, or trained, to act as pilot in command. He took off in instrument meteorological conditions when he was not instrument rated and suffered from spatial disorientation and because of a lack of training flew into the ground.