Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander in Weipa: 6 killed

Date & Time: Mar 21, 1994 at 1754 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
VH-JUU
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Weipa - Aurukun
MSN:
632
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
321
Captain / Total hours on type:
6.00
Circumstances:
On the day before the accident, the aircraft flew from Aurukun to Weipa with the chief pilot occupying the left pilot seat and the pilot involved in the accident occupying the right pilot seat. At Weipa the chief pilot left the aircraft, instructing the other pilot to fly some practice circuits before returning the aircraft to Aurukun. Before commencing the circuits and the return flight to Aurukun, the aircraft's two main tanks each contained 100 L of fuel and the two wing tip tanks each contained about 90 L of fuel. On the day of the accident the pilot added 200 L of fuel at Aurukun to the aircraft's tanks and then flew the aircraft and the passengers to Weipa. About 50 minutes before sunset, the aircraft taxied for departure from runway 30 for the 25-minute return flight to Aurukun. When the aircraft was about 300 ft above ground level after takeoff, a witness reported that all engine sounds stopped and that the aircraft attitude changed from a nose-high climb to a more level attitude. A short time later, the noise of engine power surging was heard. The aircraft rolled left and entered a spiral descent. It struck level ground some 350 m beyond the departure end of runway 30 and 175 m to the left of the extended centreline. All six occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Significant factors:
- The pilot mismanaged the aircraft fuel system.
- Both engines suffered a total power loss due to fuel starvation.
- The right engine regained power probably as a result of a change in aircraft attitude.
- The pilot lost control of the aircraft.
- Recovery was not possible in the height available.
Final Report:

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander near Cabinda

Date & Time: Mar 16, 1994
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
D2-ECE
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Luanda - Cabinda
MSN:
903
YOM:
1981
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route to Cabinda on a cargo flight, the pilot reported problems with the right engine. He elected to make an emergency landing when the aircraft crash landed in an open field located 16 km from Cabinda Airport. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair and the pilot escaped uninjured. At the time of the accident, weather conditions were poor.
Probable cause:
Engine problems for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-26 Islander in Cark

Date & Time: Feb 5, 1994 at 1725 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
G-AXHE
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Cark - Cark
MSN:
86
YOM:
1969
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2159
Captain / Total hours on type:
777.00
Circumstances:
At 1705 hrs, the aircraft took off from Cark Airfield with nine parachutists and the pilot on board. The parachutists left the aircraft at about 6,500 feet and the pilot started the descent to land. A low level, left-hand circuit to runway 24 was carried out, the surface wind was less than 5 knots from the south west. It was twilight, however, the sky to the west was still bright from the setting sun and the runway was visible; there was no runway lighting. The pilot had selected the red cockpit lighting to full intensity and both landing lights were on. At 50 feet on final approach the pilot had sufficient visual reference to continue the approach; the aircraft was aligned slightly to the right of the centerline, however, the pilot was able to correct this before touchdown. It was as the main wheels touched down that the pilot realized he no longer had adequate visual reference. Before he could take any corrective action the aircraft started to decelerate and contact was made with an obstruction on the left side. The nosewheel was still clear of the ground when the deceleration became rapid and the aircraft went through a fence, to the left of the runway, and came to rest against a pile of concrete rubble. The pilot who was wearing lap and diagonal upper torso restraint escaped without injury. Shortly afterwards, when he deemed it safe to do so, he returned to the aircraft to complete the shutdown drills. Two sheep were killed in the accident; the pilot recalled seeing a light area on the threshold, and initially thought that the aircraft may have struck the sheep as it touched down. In hindsight he considered that the aircraft probably struck the sheep after it left the runway, and that what he saw was a reflection from the landing light seen through a missed windscreen. He reported that the windscreen has misted up earlier on this flight and on previous flights; no demiser was fitted to the aircraft. He considered that this may have happened again and reduced the already marginal forward visibility.
Final Report:

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander in Kualakapuas

Date & Time: Jan 6, 1994
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-VIV
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sampit - Banjarmasin
MSN:
852
YOM:
1977
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
About 30 minutes into the flight, while in cruising altitude, the pilot noted a loss of power on the left engine. At the same time, the oil pressure dropped while the engine temperature increased. In such situation, the pilot reduced his altitude and attempted an emergency landing in an open field located in Kualakapuas, some 63 km northwest of Banjarmasin-Syamsudin Noor Airport. All 10 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-9 Islander in Elorza: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 2, 1994
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
YV-2349P
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
405
YOM:
1974
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
During initial climb, the twin engine aircraft went out of control and crashed, killing both pilots.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-26 Islander in Mount Hagen

Date & Time: Dec 24, 1993 at 1402 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
P2-ISR
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Mount Hagen - Kamusi
MSN:
15
YOM:
1968
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Mount Hagen Airport on a cargo flight to Kamusi, carrying two passengers, one pilot and a load of vegetables. After takeoff, while climbing to a height of about 100 feet, the engine lost power. At a speed of 50 knots, the pilot attempted an emergency landing when the aircraft struck the ground, rolled for about 80 metres and collided with rocks. All three occupants were slightly injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
No definite conclusion can be reached as to why the aircraft performed so poorly, but from a hypothetical point of view a combination of some of the following could lead to the events that occurred:
1. Substantial inadvertent overload.
2. Mixture excessively rich.
3. Carburettor heat inadvertently selected to hot for takeoff.
4. Aircraft encountered an area of subtle downdraft/downflowing airstream.
5. Propeller controls not set for maximum RPM.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander in Namatanai

Date & Time: Dec 10, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
P2-ALL
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
448
YOM:
1975
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach, at a height of about 250 feet, the pilot selected flaps down when the aircraft went unstable, stalled and crashed short of runway threshold. The pilot was injured.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-27 Islander near Tuktoyaktuk: 7 killed

Date & Time: Dec 3, 1993 at 1713 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
C-GMOP
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Tuktoyaktuk - Inuvik
MSN:
398
YOM:
1974
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Captain / Total flying hours:
3224
Captain / Total hours on type:
848.00
Aircraft flight hours:
9391
Circumstances:
On 03 December 1993, a Britten-Norman BN2A-20 Islander, registration C-GMOP, owned and operated by Arctic Wings and Rotors, departed Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest Territories, on a night
visual flight rules (VFR) flight to the Inuvik townsite airstrip. On board were the pilot and six passengers. The pilot took off from runway 09 at 1706:34 mountain standard time (MST) , and had turned the aircraft to a southerly direction when the right engine (Textron Lycoming IO540-K1B5) lost all power. At 1710:40, the pilot reported to Tuktoyaktuk Flight Service Station (FSS) that he had an engine problem and was trying to get back to the airport. At 1711:44, he reported that he was "presently heading back to the airport at this time." At 1711:58, he reported "showing six miles back from the airport at this time." The FSS specialist asked if he was declaring an emergency, and the pilot's response was indecisive. During the last radio transmission, there were indications of stress in the pilot's voice; however, there was no further mention of the specific nature of the problem. The pilot did not report his altitude during the conversations with the FSS. The transmission lasted approximately 15 seconds and ended at 1713:03. When the aircraft did not return to the airport, an air and ground search was initiated. The aircraft was located on an ice-covered lake approximately eight miles southeast of the airport. The aircraft struck the ice in a steep nose-down attitude. The engines and front of the aircraft penetrated the approximately two-foot-thick layer of ice. The remainder of the fuselage, wings, and empennage remained on the ice surface. The seven occupants were fatally injured. The accident occurred during the hours of darkness at approximately 1713 MST, at latitude 69°20'N, longitude 132°56'W, at an elevation of approximately 50 feet above sea level (asl).
Probable cause:
A magneto impulse coupling, worn beyond the prescribed limits, resulted in the failure of the right engine. Following the engine failure, the pilot mistrimmed the rudder and was unable to maintain control of the aircraft.
Final Report:

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander in Bank: 4 killed

Date & Time: Oct 13, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
P2-HBE
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Bank - Mount Hagen
MSN:
815
YOM:
1978
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Bank Airstrip, while climbing in the Simbai Valley, the twin engine aircraft struck the slope of a mountain and crashed about 5,3 km from Bank Airfield. All four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The aircraft did not have sufficient power to complete a steep climb as expected by the crew. Apparently, the aircraft stalled while completing a last turn due to an insufficient speed. Poor judgment on part of the crew.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander in Mitwaba

Date & Time: Jun 23, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
9Q-CLW
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Kisengwa - Mitwaba
MSN:
2030
YOM:
1981
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Mitwaba Airfield, the pilot was completing a last turn to join the approach path when the aircraft stalled and crashed on hilly terrain about 3 km short of runway. All four occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the loss of control was the consequence of strong downdrafts and severe atmospheric turbulences specific to this region.