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Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo in East Hampton

Date & Time: Aug 7, 1978 at 0033 LT
Type of aircraft:
Piper PA-31-310 Navajo
Operator:
Registration:
N9093Y
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Ferry
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Elmira - East Hampton
MSN:
31-128
YOM:
1968
Location:
East Hampton
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2507
Captain / Total hours on type:
150.00
Circumstances:
The crew was approaching East Hampton Airport and encountered marginal weather conditions with limited visibility to 3/4 of mile due to the night and ground fog. While in a missed approach configuration, the crew lost control of the airplane that stalled and crashed few miles from the airfield. Both occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Stall during a missed approach after the crew failed to maintain flying speed. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Fog,
- Sky obscured,
- Visibility 3/4 mile or less,
- Pilot transitioned from visual reference to instrument reference,
- Encountered ground fog after MDA.
Final Report:

Crash of a BAc 111-203AE in Rochester

Date & Time: Jul 9, 1978 at 1730 LT
Type of aircraft:
BAc 111
Operator:
Registration:
N1550
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Boston - Rochester - Montreal
MSN:
44
YOM:
1965
Flight number:
AL453
Location:
Rochester
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
73
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
13461
Captain / Total hours on type:
7008.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8746
Copilot / Total hours on type:
4687
Aircraft flight hours:
33693
Aircraft flight cycles:
48215
Circumstances:
The pilot-in-command adopted a wrong approach configuration and passed over the runway 28 threshold at an excessive speed of 184 knots (61 knots above the Vref) in a nose down attitude. The nose gear landed first at a speed of 163 knots (40-45 knots above normal touchdown speed) 2,540 feet past the runway threshold (runway 28 is 5,500 feet long). Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the airplane overran, struck a drainage ditch, lost its undercarriage and came to rest 728 past the runway end. All 77 occupants were evacuated safely, one of them was slightly injured.
Probable cause:
The captain's lack of awareness of airspeed, vertical speed, and aircraft performance throughout an ILS approach and landing in visual meteorological conditions which resulted in his landing the aircraft at an excessively high speed and with insufficient runway remaining for stopping the aircraft, but with sufficient aircraft performance capability to reject the landing well after touchdown. Contributing to the accident was the first officer's failure to provide required callouts which might have alerted the captain to the airspeed and sink rate deviations. The Safety Board was unable to determine the reasons for the captain's lack of awareness or the first officer's failure to provide required callouts.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 404 Titan off Olcott: 1 killed

Date & Time: Dec 22, 1977 at 0924 LT
Type of aircraft:
Cessna 404 Titan
Operator:
Skyline Aviation (USA)
Registration:
N404SA
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Cargo
Survivors:
No
Site:
Lake, Sea, Ocean, River
Schedule:
Oshawa – Buffalo
MSN:
404-0025
YOM:
1976
Location:
Olcott
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
4700
Captain / Total hours on type:
51.00
Circumstances:
En route from Oshawa to Buffalo on a cargo flight, the twin engine airplane crashed in unknown circumstances into Lake Ontario off Olcott, New York. Few debris were sighted in heavy seas but no trace of the pilot.
Probable cause:
Due to lack of evidences, the exact cause of the accident could not be determined.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo in Rochester: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jul 20, 1977 at 2152 LT
Type of aircraft:
Piper PA-31-310 Navajo
Operator:
Registration:
N406CA
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Cargo
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Buffalo - Rochester
MSN:
31-637
YOM:
1970
Location:
Rochester
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
8300
Captain / Total hours on type:
7735.00
Circumstances:
While on approach to Rochester-Greater Rochester Airport, the pilot lost control of the airplane that entered a dive and crashed in flames in the Cheektowaga County. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled descent on final approach due to improper operation of flight controls. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Physical impairment,
- Hypertensive hemorrhage of left basal ganglia.
Final Report:

Crash of a Mitsubishi MU-2B-30 Marquise in New York: 7 killed

Date & Time: Apr 5, 1977 at 1431 LT
Type of aircraft:
Mitsubishi MU-2 Marquise
Operator:
Mount Victory Flying Service
Registration:
N888RJ
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Private
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Somerset - LaGuardia
MSN:
542
YOM:
1971
Location:
New York
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Captain / Total flying hours:
13500
Circumstances:
While approaching LaGuardia Airport in poor weather conditions (low ceiling and fog), both engines failed. The pilot lost control of the airplane that crashed at Pelham Bay Park, Bronx, about five miles north of the airport. A passenger was seriously injured while seven other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure on approach due to fuel exhaustion. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Mismanagement of fuel,
- Fuel exhaustion,
- Low ceiling,
- Fog,
- Fuel quantity gauge - erratic.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain off Grand View-On-Hudson: 3 killed

Date & Time: Dec 4, 1976 at 1205 LT
Type of aircraft:
Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain
Operator:
Registration:
N59825
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Executive/Corporate/Business
Survivors:
No
Site:
Lake, Sea, Ocean, River
Schedule:
Philadelphia - White Plains
MSN:
31-7652076
YOM:
1976
Location:
Grand View-On-Hudson
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
3000
Circumstances:
En route from Philadelphia to White Plains with three people on board, the twin engine airplane collided with a Cessna 172 operated by Teterboro Flight Service, registered N75604 and carrying two people. Following the collision, both aircraft went out of control and crashed into the Hudson River near the Tappan Zee Bridge. Both aircraft were destroyed and all five occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
In-flight collision after the pilot failed to see and avoid other aircraft. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Not under radar contact,
- No control zone,
- Fresh scuff marks on leading edge of deicing boot of vertical stabilizer.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft 99A Airliner in Poughkeepsie

Date & Time: Mar 16, 1976 at 1630 LT
Type of aircraft:
Beechcraft 99 Airliner
Operator:
Registration:
N7997R
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Poughkeepsie - New York
MSN:
U-119
YOM:
1969
Location:
Poughkeepsie-Hudson Valley (ex Dutchess County)
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
14159
Captain / Total hours on type:
3343.00
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff from an ice/slush covered runway, the airplane shuddered then rolled left and right, causing the wings to drop. The airplane leveled, crash landed and came to rest in flames. All seven passengers and a pilot were evacuated to safety while a pilot was seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Stall during initial climb after the crew exercised poor judgment. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Initiated flight in adverse weather conditions,
- Failed to abort takeoff,
- Failed to maintain flying speed,
- Airport conditions: ice/slush on runway,
- Snow,
- Icing conditions including sleet and freezing rain,
- Visibility 1/2 mile or less,
- Fog,
- Aircraft approximately 368 lbs over gross weight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Mitsubishi MU-2B-20 in Argyle: 1 killed

Date & Time: Feb 18, 1976 at 1520 LT
Type of aircraft:
Mitsubishi MU-2 Marquise
Operator:
Registration:
N531MA
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Executive/Corporate/Business
Survivors:
No
Site:
Plain, Valley
Schedule:
Manchester - Bennington
MSN:
130
YOM:
1968
Location:
Argyle
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
2897
Captain / Total hours on type:
45.00
Circumstances:
While in initial approach to Bennington-William H. Morse State Airport, the twin engine airplane lost height, stalled and crashed in flames in Argyle, about 26 miles northwest of Bennington Airport. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control after the pilot failed to maintain flying speed. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Lack of familiarity with aircraft,
- Attempted operation beyond experience/ability level,
- Icing conditions including sleet, freezing rain,
- Fog,
- After four day checkout in an aircraft, instructor told the student pilot not to attempt IFR flight until he attended formal school.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander 560 in Skaneateles: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jan 12, 1976 at 1236 LT
Type of aircraft:
Rockwell Aero Commander 560
Operator:
A. S. Wikstrom
Registration:
N2692B
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Executive/Corporate/Business
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Skaneateles – Salisbury – Wilmington
MSN:
560-192
YOM:
1955
Location:
Skaneateles
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
11200
Captain / Total hours on type:
3300.00
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff at Skaneateles Airstrip, the twin engine airplane touched the runway and drifted to the left, causing the left main gear to struck a snowbank. The takeoff was continued when the airplane went out of control and rolled inverted. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Ground loop during takeoff run after the pilot diverted attention from operation of aircraft. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Failed to maintain directional control,
- Failed to abort takeoff,
- Failed to follow approved procedures,
- Airport conditions.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-10-30C in New York

Date & Time: Nov 12, 1975 at 1310 LT
Type of aircraft:
Douglas DC-10
Operator:
Registration:
N1032F
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Positioning
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
New York - Frankfurt - Jeddah
MSN:
46826
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
OV032
Location:
New York-JFK
New York
Country:
United States of America
Region:
North America
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
128
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
25000
Captain / Total hours on type:
2000.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
14500
Copilot / Total hours on type:
450
Aircraft flight hours:
8193
Circumstances:
The airplane was engaged in a positioning flight from New York to Jeddah via Frankfurt, carrying ONA employees only. The aircraft taxied to runway 13R and commenced takeoff at 13:10. Shortly after accelerating through 100 knots, but before reaching the V1 speed, a flock of birds were seen to rise from the runway. The aircraft struck many birds and the takeoff was rejected. Bird strikes had damaged the no. 3 engine's fan blades, causing rotor imbalance. Fan-booster stage blades began rubbing on the epoxy micro balloon shroud material; pulverized material then entered into the engine's HPC area, ignited and caused the compressor case to separate. A fire erupted in the right wing and no. 3 engine pylon. The aircraft couldn't be stopped on the runway. The pilot-in-command steered the aircraft off the runway onto taxiway Z at a 40 knots speed. The main undercarriage collapsed and the aircraft came to rest against the shoulder of the taxiway. The successful evacuation may be partially attributed to the fact that nearly all passengers were trained crew members.
Probable cause:
The disintegration and subsequent fire in the No.3 engine when it ingested a large number of seagulls. Following the disintegration of the engine, the aircraft failed to decelerate effectively because:
- The n°3 hydraulic system was inoperative, which caused the loss of the n°2 brake system and braking torque to be reduced 50%,
- The n°3 engine thrust reversers were inoperative,
- At least three tyres disintegrated,
- The n°3 system spoiler panels on each wing could not deploy,
- The runway surface was wet.
The following factors contributed to the accident:
- The bird-control program at John F. Kennedy airport did not effectively control the bird hazard on the airport,
- The FAA and the General Electric Company failed to consider the effects of rotor imbalance on the abradable epoxy shroud material when the engine was tested for certification.
Final Report:
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