Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Defender near Bir Moghreïn: 3 killed

Date & Time: Dec 28, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
5T-MAR
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
MSN:
787
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a survey flight when the twin engine airplane was shot down by rebels of the Front Polisario. The wreckage was found 72 km north of Bir Moghreïn, north Mauritania (exact position 25°52'13.5" N 11°27'25.5" W). The aircraft was destroyed and all three crew members were killed.
Crew:
Lt Sidi Mohamed Ould Heyine, pilot,
Sgt Ely Ould Nafaa, navigator,
Sgt Mohamed Elhafedh Ould Zegrar Ould Khyar, mechanic.
Source: Mohamed Ould Heyine, Mauritania.
First photo: Defender at Atar Airport few weeks prior to the accident.
Probable cause:
Shot down by rebels of the Front Polisario.

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S in Shafter

Date & Time: Mar 6, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N4277B
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
MSN:
BA-80
YOM:
1955
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5000
Captain / Total hours on type:
3500.00
Circumstances:
En route to Pontiac, Michigan, the pilot encountered technical problems with the engines that stopped almost simultaneously. He completed a intentional wheels-up landing in a desert area located in Shafter and the twin engine airplane came to rest after sliding for few dozen yards. While the airplane was damaged beyond repair, both occupants escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure caused by a fuel starvation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Intentional wheels-up,
- Fuel system,
- Unapproved modification,
- Rough terrain,
- Three 80 gallons tanks installed in fuselage.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 720-023B near Al Qaysumah: 82 killed

Date & Time: Jan 1, 1976 at 0530 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OD-AFT
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Beirut - Dubai - Muscat
MSN:
18020/165
YOM:
1960
Flight number:
ME438
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
15
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
67
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
82
Circumstances:
The aircraft was on its way from Beirut to Dubai, cruising at an altitude of 37,000 feet by night when it disappeared from radar screens at 0530LT. The crew was unable to send any distress call. The wreckage was later found about 37 km northwest of Al Qaysumah, in the Saudi desert. Debris scattered on a wide area and none of the 82 occupants survived the crash.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the accident was the consequence of the explosion of a bomb that has been placed in the front cargo compartment. The detonation at high altitude caused an explosive decompression of the cabin and the total disintegration of the airplane.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-62 near Damascus: 126 killed

Date & Time: Aug 20, 1975 at 0113 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OK-DBF
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Prague - Damascus - Baghdad - Tehran
MSN:
31502
YOM:
1973
Flight number:
OK542
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
117
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
126
Circumstances:
While approaching Damascus International Airport by night and excellent weather conditions, the crew failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when the airplane struck the ground at an altitude of 605 meters AMSL and crashed in flames in a desert area located about 18 km from the airport. Rescue teams arrived on scene about 30 minutes later and two passengers, two Syrian citizens, were rescued. All 126 other occupants were killed, among them 67 Czechs, 55 Syrians, 3 Polish and one East-German. At the time of the accident, weather conditions were ideal with good visibility despite the night and a wind from 230° at 10 knots.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty. However, it is believed that the accident may have been caused by a wrong altimeter setting after the crew mixed QNH and QFE values.

Crash of a Beechcraft TC-45G Expeditor in Steins

Date & Time: Jun 12, 1975
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N9430Z
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
MSN:
AF-73
YOM:
1952
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The pilot, sole on board, was completing a drug smuggling light and the aircraft was carrying a load of marijuana. Following a complete failure of both engines, the pilot attempted an emergency landing in a desert area when the airplane crash landed in a dry lake bed and hit a ditch. The aircraft was abandoned and the pilot was not found.
Probable cause:
Failure of both engines following a fuel exhaustion. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Mismanagement of fuel,
- Fuel exhaustion,
- Rough/uneven terrain,
- Illegal flight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Consolidated PBY-5A Catalina in Wikieup: 3 killed

Date & Time: Feb 6, 1975 at 2130 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5588W
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Las Vegas - El Paso
MSN:
920
YOM:
1941
Location:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
En route from Las Vegas to El Paso, while in cruising altitude, both engines lost power. The crew elected to make an emergency landing when control was lost. The airplane crashed in flames near Wikieup and was destroyed. All three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Engine failure or malfunction during normal cruise for undetermined reasons. The following findings were reported:
- Collision with dirt bank,
- The crew failed to follow the approved procedures,
- Rough terrain,
- Disregard of good operating practice,
- The pilot declared that both engines lost power,
- Attempted a landing beside a highway in desert,
- No records for other crew personnel.
Final Report:

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Linoghin: 47 killed

Date & Time: Aug 11, 1974
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
TZ-ABE
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Bamako - Kano - Mecca - Jeddah - Khartoum - Kano - Bamako
MSN:
181 0033 04
YOM:
1961
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
50
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
47
Circumstances:
The airplane was engaged in a monthly schedule flight from Bamako to Saudi Arabia. En route from Bamako to Kano, ATC informed the crew about the deterioration of the weather conditions and instructed the pilots to divert to Niamey. In marginal weather conditions, the crew apparently lost his orientation and probably following a navigational error, the airplane flew to the west when the crew realized he was flying over the region of Ouagadougou, about 400 km southwest of Niamey. Shortly later, as he was short of fuel, the crew was forced to attempt an emergency landing when the airplane crashed in an open field located in Linoghin, about 40 km east of Ouagadougou. Two crew members and 11 passengers were injured while 47 other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of a fuel exhaustion caused by probable navigational errors on part of the crew who lost his orientation in poor weather conditions.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 in Shyganak: 9 killed

Date & Time: Jul 18, 1974 at 0558 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-91788
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Shyganak – Kiyakhty – Kuygan – Bakanas – Borailday
MSN:
1G39-05
YOM:
1963
Flight number:
SU1123
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Aircraft flight hours:
8947
Aircraft flight cycles:
15197
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Shyganak, one of the passenger entered the cockpit and sat down with both pilots. After the door was closed, the airplane started unusual manoeuvres. At a height of 150 meters, the crew changed heading to 270° when three minutes after departure, the airplane crashed in a desert area located 2 km west of the village. Four passengers were seriously injured while six other occupants including both pilots were killed. Few hours later, three of the four survivors died from their injuries.
Probable cause:
It was determined that after a poor flight organization, the crew allowed a passenger to enter the cockpit without official permission. In unclear circumstances, the crew initiated unusual manoeuvres and full power was set on the engine that may have partially drowned. The airplane pitched down to 5° then banked right to an angle of 40° and struck the ground at a speed of 210-220 km/h before coming to rest 110 meters further.