Crash of a BAe 125-600B in Casablanca: 10 killed

Date & Time: Dec 15, 1986
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
5N-AWS
Survivors:
No
Site:
MSN:
256042
YOM:
1975
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
On approach to Casablanca-Nouasseur Airport, the crew failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when the aircraft crashed into houses located 2 km short of runway. All eight occupants were killed as well as two people on the ground.

Crash of a Cessna T303 Crusader in Bogotá: 2 killed

Date & Time: Oct 19, 1986
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
HK-2853
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Bogotá - Bogotá
MSN:
303-00092
YOM:
1982
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Bogotá-El Dorado on a short flight to Bogotá-Guaymaral Airport located 15 km to the north. Shortly after takeoff, while climbing, the aircraft went out of control and crashed in the district of Engativá located less than one km northeast of the airport. Both occupants were killed while there was no casualties on the ground.

Crash of a Beechcraft 65-B80 Queen Air in La Carlota: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 11, 1986 at 0815 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
YV-247P
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
La Carlota – Los Roques
MSN:
LD-316
YOM:
1967
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from La Carlota-General Francisco de Miranda AFB, the crew encountered technical problems and elected to return. The aircraft lost height and eventually struck the roof of a garage and crashed in the district of Macaracuay, less than 3 km southeast from the airport. All seven occupants were killed while there were no injuries on ground.

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S in Chicago: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 28, 1986 at 2254 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N101VE
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Chicago - Covington
MSN:
BA-190
YOM:
1956
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
6400
Captain / Total hours on type:
2059.00
Aircraft flight hours:
17743
Circumstances:
The aircraft had departed on runway 13. He was then directed to climb to 6,000 feet. Thirty seconds later he advised he had engine trouble and was returning to the airport. Shortly thereafter he advised he could not maintain altitude. The aircraft, one mile southeast of the airport, struck the roofs of two family type residences. Then struck two garages, ground impacted and struck the rear area of a third residence. An intense fire followed. Left engine had impeller failure. Propeller was pitched between low and high rpm. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (total) - mech failure/malf
Phase of operation: climb - to cruise
Findings
1. (f) eng assembly, blower/impeller/integral supercharger - failure, total
2. (f) lubricating system - lack of
----------
Occurrence #2: airframe/component/system failure/malfunction
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
Findings
3. (c) propeller system/accessories, feathering system - incorrect
4. Propeller feathering - attempted - pilot in command
5. (c) propeller system/accessories, feathering system - movement restricted
----------
Occurrence #3: forced landing
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
----------
Occurrence #4: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
Findings
6. (c) object - residence
----------
Occurrence #5: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-32 in Cerritos: 79 killed

Date & Time: Aug 31, 1986 at 1152 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XA-JED
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Mexico City – Guadalajara – Loreto – Tijuana – Los Angeles
MSN:
47356
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
AM498
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
58
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
79
Captain / Total flying hours:
10641
Captain / Total hours on type:
4632.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1463
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1245
Circumstances:
AeroMéxico flight AM498 was a scheduled passenger flight from Mexico City to Los Angeles with intermediate stops at Guadalajara, Loreto and Tijuana. The DC-9, named 'Hermosillo', departed Tijuana Airport at 11:20 and proceeded toward Los Angeles at FL100. At 11:44 Coast Approach Control cleared the flight to 7,000 feet. Just three minutes earlier Piper PA-28-181 Cherokee N4891F departed Torrance Airport, CA for a VFR flight to Big Bear, CA. On board were a pilot and two passengers. The Piper pilot turned to an easterly heading toward the Paradise VORTAC and entered the Terminal Control Area (TCA) without receiving clearance from ATC as required by FAR Part 91.90. At 11:47 the AeroMéxico pilot contacted LA Approach Control and reported level at 7,000 feet. The approach controller cleared flight 498 to depart Seal Beach on a heading of 320 degrees for the ILS runway "two five left final approach course...". At 11:51:04, the approach controller asked the flight to reduce its airspeed to 190 KIAS and cleared it to descend to 6,000 feet. At about 11:52:09, flight 498 and the Piper collided over Cerritos at an altitude of about 6,560 feet. The Piper struck the left hand side of the DC-9's horizontal and vertical stabilizer. The horizontal stabilizer sliced through the Piper's cabin following which it separated from the tailplane. Both planes tumbled down out of control. The wreckage and post impact fires destroyed five houses and damaged seven others. Fifteen persons on the ground were killed. The sky was clear, the reported visibility was 14 miles.
Probable cause:
The limitations of the ATC system to provide collision protection, through both ATC procedures and automated redundancy. Factors contributing to the accident were:
- The inadvertent and unauthorized entry of the PA-28 into the Los Angeles Terminal Control Area and
- The limitations of the 'see and avoid' concept to ensure traffic separation under the conditions of the conflict.
Final Report:

Crash of a Partenavia P.68C-TC in Meyrin: 3 killed

Date & Time: Dec 16, 1985 at 1904 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
D-GEML
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Geneva - Stuttgart
MSN:
257-15
YOM:
1982
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
234
Captain / Total hours on type:
28.00
Aircraft flight hours:
631
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Geneva-Cointrin Airport runway 23 in poor visibility due to foggy conditions, the pilot initiated a right turn. While flying at an altitude of 100 feet, the twin engine aircraft struck the concrete block of a lift cable system located on the roof of a residential building of seven floors located in the city of Meyrin. Out of control, the aircraft lost height and crashed on a second building located less than 2 km west of the airport. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all three occupants were killed. Both buildings were damaged and 51 vehicles in few parkings were damaged or demolished.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the aircraft was in an uncontrolled attitude while in a right turn in flight conditions of limited visibility due to fog. Given his low height, the pilot was unable to restore the situation in time and to gain sufficient altitude. One or more of the following factors may have played a role in the accident:
- A too sharp turn during initial climb,
- The pilot was distracted in the aircraft handling,
- The pilot's lack of experience,
- Possible residuals wake turbulence caused by a Boeing 737 that departed shortly before the accident, and
- A possible failure of the artificial horizon.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III in Dortmund: 4 killed

Date & Time: Nov 21, 1985
Operator:
Registration:
D-IFLY
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Vienna - Dortmund
MSN:
421C-0517
YOM:
1978
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft was approaching Dortmund-Wickede Airport in poor visibility due to the night and rain falls. In unknown circumstances, the aircraft crashed into a school located in the city of Wickede, about one km north of the airport. All four occupants were killed while there were no injuries on the ground.

Crash of a Dassault Falcon 50 in Teterboro: 3 killed

Date & Time: Nov 10, 1985 at 1722 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N784B
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Morristown - Teterboro
MSN:
118
YOM:
1982
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
8265
Captain / Total hours on type:
817.00
Circumstances:
A Dassault Falcon 50 jet (N784B) and an Air Pegasus Piper PA-28-181 Archer (N1977H) collided about 1500 feet over the towns of Fairview and Cliffside Park, New Jersey, USA. The Falcon 50 was cleared for a standard instrument approach procedure in visual meteorological conditions and was in a left turn to position itself on the downwind leg to runway 19 at the Teterboro Airport, and the PA-28 was transiting the airport traffic area from west to east when they collided. The accident occurred 4 1/2 miles east-southeast at the edge of the airport traffic area in visual meteorological conditions. Both airplanes had been in radio contact with the Teterboro control tower. The flightcrew, the only occupants aboard the Falcon 50, and the pilot and two passengers onboard the PA-28 were killed. The Falcon 50 crashed into an apartment building killing one resident and seriously injuring two bystanders.
Probable cause:
A breakdown in air traffic control coordination which resulted in an air traffic conflict and the inability of the DA50 flightcrew to ‘see and avoid' the other aircraft due to:
- An erroneous and inadequate traffic advisory and
- The physiological limitations of human vision and reaction time at night.
Air traffic control management contributed to the accident by failing to insure that controllers were following prescribed procedures and by failing to recognize and correct operational deficiencies.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo in Bogotá: 5 killed

Date & Time: Oct 23, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
HK-1590
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
MSN:
31-410
YOM:
1968
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Bogotá-El Dorado Airport, while in initial climb, the twin engine airplane lost height and crashed in a residential area. The aircraft was destroyed and all five occupants were killed. Two people on the ground were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Loss of control during initial climb following an engine failure for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Beechcraft C99 Airliner in Conover: 3 killed

Date & Time: Aug 28, 1985 at 0145 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N992SB
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Hickory - Charlotte
MSN:
U-170
YOM:
1981
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
5309
Captain / Total hours on type:
950.00
Aircraft flight hours:
7651
Circumstances:
Aircraft was on training flight for initial copilot qualification for commuter air carrier. Instructor and two trainees were on board. The aircraft departed Charlotte at about 2314 edt for the Hickory area for training. At about 0015 edt, it was reported that the crew visited the Hickory FSS. After departing Hickory, the aircraft climbed to 5,500 feet and remained generally between Charlotte. At about 0145 edt, radar data showed the aircraft to be in a steep descent and gaining speed. The aircraft collided with tree limbs, a utility pole and the ground in about 35° angle of descent in a residential area of Conover, NC. Investigation revealed a nose up trim, which was approximately 75% of the available up-trim (3.38° upnose). This is an abnormal setting; so the entire trim unit was retained and sent to the Talley Corp for detailed exam. The ram end fittings were sent to ga tech research for surface fracture analysis. The exam showed ductile overstress and no indication of pre-cracked condition. Pitch trim emergencies are a part of sunbirds c-99 training program (fit 1 & 2). All three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: cruise
Findings
1. (c) emergency procedure - selected - pilot in command (cfi)
2. (c) remedial action - not performed - dual student
3. (c) lack of familiarity with aircraft - dual student
4. (c) remedial action - delayed - pilot in command (cfi)
5. (c) fatigue (flight and ground schedule) - pilot in command (cfi)
6. (c) supervision - not maintained - pilot in command (cfi)
7. (f) complacency - pilot in command (cfi)
8. (c) fatigue (flight and ground schedule) - pilot in command (cfi)
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report: