Crash of a Putilov Stal-3 in Strogino: 6 killed

Date & Time: Jun 22, 1938 at 1500 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1206
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Moscow - Moscow
MSN:
206
YOM:
1935
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Aircraft flight hours:
453
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed Moscow-Tushino on a local post maintenance test flight. On board were one pilot, one technician, one engineer, one guard and two firefighters from the airport. After 15 minutes of flight, the pilot initiated the approach. As he was not properly aligned, he raised the flaps but did not increase the engine power, causing the aircraft to glide the to 'slid' to the left and to descend. From a height of about 100 metres, the aircraft stalled and crashed in a field. All six occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the accident was the consequence of a wrong approach configuration on part of the pilot who failed to increase engine power to initiate a go around procedure.

Crash of a Tupolev ANT-4 in Arkhangelsk: 4 killed

Date & Time: May 18, 1938
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-N122
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Arkhangelsk, one of the engine failed. The pilot lost control of the airplane that crashed into the Dvina River. All four occupants, a doctor and three crew members were killed, among them the Soviet aviator Mikhail Babushkin.
Probable cause:
Engine failure after takeoff.

Crash of a Tupolev ANT-9 in Novosibirsk

Date & Time: May 15, 1938
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L125
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Novosibirsk – Moscow
MSN:
126
YOM:
1931
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Novosibirsk Airport, while climbing to an altitude of 850 metres, the crew realized that the water temperature on the left engine was about 100° C. The pilot decided to attempt an emergency landing and reduced his altitude. At a height of about 200 metres, the mechanic made a mistake, positioning the elevator in a wrong angle. This caused the aircraft to nose up, to stall and eventually to crash. All occupants evacuated with minor injuries and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the left engine overheated because of a loss of water in the cooling system, this following the loss of the collector's cap. This resulted in a stall at low altitude due to the fact that the aircraft's speed was insufficient.

Crash of a Polikarpov SP in Lake Onega: 3 killed

Date & Time: Apr 5, 1938
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1779
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Pudozh - Petrozavodsk
MSN:
7615
YOM:
1935
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Aircraft flight hours:
2040
Aircraft flight cycles:
1537
Circumstances:
Due to poor weather conditions in Pudozh on April 4, the pilot was forced to pass the overnight in Pudozh and postponed his departure to Petrozavodsk to April 5. He departed Pudozh in the morning with two passengers. After passing over Shala Pristan, the airplane entered over Lake Onega when weather conditions deteriorated with heavy snow falls. Unable to fix his position, the pilot decided to return when he lost control of the airplane that crashed on the iced Lake Onega. The wreckage was found four hours later. All three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the following:
- The pilot decided to takeoff from Pudozh without any weather briefing;
- Poor flight preparation and assistance;
- After entering Lake Onega, weather conditions worsened and the pilot continued rather than returning to Pudozh;
- The pilot lost his bearings in poor visibility and lost control of the airplane;
- Overconfidence on part of the pilot.

Crash of a Tupolev ANT-6 in Bukhta Teplits

Date & Time: Mar 17, 1938
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-N210
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Bukhta Tikhaya - Bukhta Teplits
MSN:
22 752
YOM:
1937
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The four engine airplane was completing a flight from Bukhta Tikhaya to Buhkta Teplits (N81°47.5') on Rudolph island (Franz-Joseph-Land Archipelago), carrying three passengers and four crew members. On approach, the crew encountered ground fog and elected to make a go around procedure. Insufficient crew resource management and late decision resulted in the aircraft entering the fog layer. when the ski on the left main landing gear impacted the snow, causing the undercarriage to be torn off. The airplane crashed and came to rest on ice. Two crew and one passenger were seriously injured while two other crew and two other passengers were slightly injured. The wreckage was still on site in 2006.
Probable cause:
Pilot error and poor CRM on final approach, resulting in a controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 in Tambov

Date & Time: Jan 7, 1938
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-E41
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tashkent – Penza – Moscow
MSN:
8079
YOM:
1934
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane was completing a special flight from Tashkent to Moscow with an intermediate stop in Penza, carrying one passenger (a mechanic) and one pilot. Weather conditions at takeoff from Penza were excellent. About 40 minutes into the flight, these conditions deteriorated with fog. The pilot elected to gain height and climbed to the altitude of 1,400 metres when he encountered icing conditions. He decided to returned to Penza and initiated a 180 turn in the clouds when he lost control of the airplane that entered a dive. At a height of 200 metres, he regained control but lost it again at a height of 100 metres before the airplane crashed near Tambov, west of Penza. Both occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
Loss of control in clouds after the pilot suffered a spatial disorientation.
The following contributing factors were identified:
- The information transmitted to the pilot concerning weather conditions en route were inaccurate,
- Icing conditions,
- The pilot was not sufficiently trained to fly in IFR conditions.

Crash of a Polikarpov P-5 in Drachevka

Date & Time: Oct 10, 1937
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-L1538
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Kharkiv – Moscow
MSN:
8064
YOM:
1934
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Kharkiv on a mail flight to Moscow, carrying one pilot and a load of 400 kg of mail. About 50 minutes into the flight, the engine started to vibrate. A smell of fuel spread in the cabin and the engine caught fire. The pilot bailed out and abandoned the aircraft that dove into the ground and crashed in an open field. The pilot was burned to his legs and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the engine caught fire after a fuel line ruptured in flight, causing the fuel to spill and to ignite while in contact with high temperature components. The line in question had already been repaired but the hose that had been placed to seal the line failed because it was corroded by the fuel.

Crash of a Polikarpov U-2 in Irkutsk: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 17, 1937 at 1400 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-T190
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Irkutsk - Irkustk
MSN:
9819
YOM:
1937
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
124
Circumstances:
The pilot departed Irkutsk on a local solo training flight. Another similar airplane registered CCCP-T118 was also completing a local training flight at the same time. Both pilots were assigned to a training zone. For unknown reasons, the pilot of the CCCP-T118 changed his heading and departed his training zone when the collision occurred. Both aircraft entered a dive and crashed near the airport. Both pilots were killed.
Probable cause:
Lack of discipline on the part of the pilot of CCCP-T118 who changed his heading and flew out of his designated area, violating instructions and published procedures.

Crash of a Polikarpov U-2 in Irkutsk: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 17, 1937 at 1400 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-T118
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Irkutsk - Irkustk
MSN:
8680
YOM:
1936
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
255
Circumstances:
The pilot departed Irkutsk on a local solo training flight. Another similar airplane registered CCCP-T190 was also completing a local training flight at the same time. Both pilots were assigned to a training zone. For unknown reasons, the pilot of the CCCP-T118 changed his heading and departed his training zone when the collision occurred. Both aircraft entered a dive and crashed near the airport. Both pilots were killed.
Probable cause:
Lack of discipline on the part of the pilot of CCCP-T118 who changed his heading and flew out of his designated area, violating instructions and published procedures.

Crash of a Bolkhovitinov DB-A in Russia: 6 killed

Date & Time: Aug 12, 1937
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
URSS-N209
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Moscow – Fairbanks – Chicago – New York
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a transpolar flight from Moscow to New York with intermediate stops in Fairbanks and Chicago. While flying probably over the north part of Siberia, maybe over the Arctic Ocean, the aircraft disappeared after all radio communications ceased. Important SAR operations were initiated but were eventually suspended few weeks later as no trace of the aircraft nor the six crew members was found. Among the six aviators was the famous Soviet aviation pioneer Sigismond Levanevsky.
Crew:
Sigismond Levanevsky, captain,
Nikolai Kastanayev, second pilot,
Nikolai Galkovsky, radio operator,
Grigory Pobezhimov, flight engineer,
Nikolai Godovikov, flight engineer,
Viktor Levchenko, navigator.
Probable cause:
According to Soviet Authorities, weather information transmitted to the crew were inaccurate and did not reflect the truth.