Buenos Aires-San Fernando

Loss of control during climb due to the combination of the following factors:
- The particular characteristics of the aircraft;
- The attention required by the transponder as it is not displayed by air traffic control;
- The detour of the planned flight at the request of the inspection department of air traffic;
- Aircraft trajectory management with autopilot switched off;
- The pilot's limited experience in instrument flight conditions. In addition, the absence of additional instruction in the aircraft type (due to the lack of specific regulations) can be considered a contributing factor, according to the probable scenario described above. In addition, the research identified the following elements with potential impact in operational safety:
- Absence of the TAWS system on the aircraft in non-conformity with the established RAAC 91;
- Lack of effective means to enable the flight plan office to quickly determine whether an aircraft has operating restrictions;
- Shortcomings in the training of staff in the units ATS and SAR in search and rescue.

The most likely cause of the uncommanded acceleration and subsequent overspeed condition was a contamination of retained particles present within the fuel control unit (FCU). The contamination was a short-lived random condition, as evidenced by the fact that after about 30 seconds the power lever regained control of the left engine. On a general aviation flight, during the take-off run, the LJ35 LV-ZSZ suffered a runway excursion on the right side, and a subsequent aircraft fire.
The accident was due to the combination of the following factors:
- The uncommanded acceleration of the left engine at the start of the take-off run,
- The initial lack of response of the left engine to the requests of the corresponding power lever,
- The difficulties of the crew in managing an unusual condition of the aircraft in accordance with guidelines established in the AFM,
- The ambivalence in the existing regulations for the authorization of a co-pilot in an aircraft that require two pilots for certification,
- The duality in the application of safety standards allowed by the existing normative regulations.
Although unrelated, the state of the runway 05/23 protection zone at the San Fernando Aerodrome contributed to the severity of the accident.

The accident resulted from impact with the ground without loss of control due to the combination of the following factors:
- The aircraft's climb profile did not meet the manufacturer's recommendations for speed and rate of climb,
- The center of gravity was outside the flight envelope,
- The total weight of the aircraft at the time of the accident was 124 kilos above the MTOW,
- Both pilots were tired due to a lack of rest time and a shift of more than 18 hours,
- The captain did not fly this type of aircraft since 1997 and was used to flying jets,
- The copilot had no experience on this type of aircraft despite being in possession of a valid license,
- The pilots' knowledge and understanding of the aircraft's systems and operation was inadequate,
- The operational checklists found on board the aircraft were not up to date,
- The pilots flew for the first time at night on this aircraft and for the second time together,
- The aircraft was operated under commercial rules on behalf of a travel agency while it could only fly privately,
- The instructor in charge of the training of both pilots and the person in charge of scheduling the flight refused to be questioned by the board of inquiry,
- An excessive workload for the crew and a lack of rest contributed to the pilots' loss of situational awareness,
- Both engines' compressors were running at low speed on impact,
- Both engines' propellers were turning at a speed close to low pitch,
- No mechanical anomalies were found on the engines and their components,
- Insufficient qualifications of the crew to fly on this type of aircraft,
- Pressure from the aircraft's owner to complete the flight,
- Crew fatigue and stress,
- Inadequate maintenance of the aircraft.

A loss of power on the left engine shortly after takeoff for undetermined reasons.
The following contributing factors were identified:
- A probable inadequate compliance with emergency procedures,
- Probable little and discontinuous flight activity on the aircraft type during the year 2008,
- Low turn.

The aircraft veered off runway after landing due to the possible combination of the following factors:
- A possible (but not confirmed) failure or malfunction of the left engine reverse thrust system,
- Crosswind close to the maximums specified in the flight manual,
- Lack of corrective actions on part of the crew who failed to identify a possible failure,
- Inappropriate use of the nosewheel steering system.