Crash of a Fiat BR.20M Cigogna in Brussels: 6 killed

Date & Time: Nov 29, 1940
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
MM21908
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Brussels - Brussels
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The Italian bomber departed Melsbroek AFB in Brussels between 1745LT and 1830LT with nine other similar airplanes on an operation to England - Harwich, Ipswich, Lowestoft and Great Yarmouth. Over the target area, the airplane was hit by enemy fire and the crew was able to evacuate the combat zone and to fly back to Belgium. On final approach at night, the airplane went out of control and crashed onto several houses located in Diegem, short of runway. All six crew members were killed. It is believed that people on the ground were also killed.
Crew (13th Squadron):
2nd Lt Talete Rebuscini, pilot,
2nd Lt S/T Luigi Dal Forno,
FM Elvio Romito,
1Av Giuseppe Maruelli,
1Av Mario Cini,
1Av Giacomo Columbano.

Crash of a Junkers JU.88A-1 in Saint Osyth

Date & Time: Jul 20, 1940 at 0545 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
F6+BM
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Brussels - Brussels
MSN:
6034
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Brussels-Melsbroek Airfield on a reconnaissance mission over England. Approaching the British coast, it was shot down by the pilot of a Hurricane and crashed in Saint Osyth, west of Clacton-on-Sea. All four crew members became PoW.
Crew:
Uffz Theodor Hermsen, pilot,
Obrfdw Heinz-Eberhard Proelss, observer,
Obrgfr Walter Plock, radio operator,
Flg Ruediger von Hase, flight engineer.
Probable cause:
Shot down by a British fighter.

Crash of a Junkers JU.52/3mte in Brussels: 9 killed

Date & Time: Jun 22, 1940
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
D-AGBI
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
6659
YOM:
1939
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
On approach to Brussels-Haren Airport, the three engine airplane apparently collided with an unknown aircraft and crashed in Evere, west of the airfield. Two occupants survived while nine others were killed, among them General Major Fritz Löb.
Crew:
Hptm Hans Luft, pilot,
Hptm Anton Lorenz, pilot, †
Obff Heinz Lorenz, navigator, †
Passengers:
Fw Wilhelm Augustin, †
Oblt Werner Kurmeyer, †
Gen Maj Fritz Löb, †
Maj Carl Prümm, †
Ernst Schade, †
Ogfr Willi Schumann, †
Hptm Kurt von Lange,
Hptm Helmut von Schultz. †

Crash of a Savoia-Marchetti SM.73P in Arques: 2 killed

Date & Time: May 23, 1940
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OO-AGS
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Brussels – London
MSN:
3
YOM:
1936
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The three engine airplane departed Brussels on a mail flight to London on behalf of the RAF 271st Squadron. En route, it was shot down by the German Flak. The mechanic bailed out and survived while both pilots were killed when the aircraft crashed in an open field.
Crew:
P/O John Robertson McLaren, pilot, †
Victor Moreau, pilot, †
Armand Peeters, mechanic.
Probable cause:
Shot down by the German Flak.

Crash of a Junkers JU.52/3mge in Brussels: 3 killed

Date & Time: Mar 14, 1939 at 0557 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OO-AUA
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Croydon - Brussels
MSN:
5815
YOM:
1937
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
On final approach to Brussels-Haren Airport at night and in marginal weather conditions, at a height of about 50-60 metres, the three engine airplane lost altitude and descended to 10-20 metres when the pilot-in-command initiated a go around procedure. The aircraft stalled and crashed in a field located in Sint-Stevens-Woluwe, bursting into flames. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all three crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident appeared to be attributable to an error of the pilot who made a go around when the aircraft was in the final landing phase, flaps out, and was already losing speed. The pilot's error was caused by an initial error of judgement, as he felt that he could land without facing the wind when he had taken a large margin of safety at high altitude, a margin required by the poor weather conditions and the lack of clearance from the aerodrome boundary in the direction of landing. The pilot did not appear to be concerned about the required landing direction indicated to him by the 'T' and the landing light location. His decision seems to have been dictated by the fear of missing the ground that he had had a hard enough time finding after a trip that was probably painful. In any event, the terminal services do not appear to be questionable as to the origin and consequences of the accident.

Crash of a Sabca F7b/3m in Lympne

Date & Time: Jun 2, 1938
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OO-AIL
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Brussels - Lympne
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew departed Brussels on a cargo flight to Lympne. On approach, he encountered poor weather conditions with thunderstorm activity and strong winds. The airplane struck the roof of a house and crashed in a garden located by the church. Both crew members were slightly injured and the aircraft was destroyed.

Crash of a Junkers JU.52/3mge in Ostend: 11 killed

Date & Time: Nov 16, 1937 at 1530 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OO-AUB
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Munich – Frankfurt – Brussels – London
MSN:
5827
YOM:
1937
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
11
Circumstances:
While descending to Brussels, the crew encountered foggy conditions and decided to divert to Ostend where two other passengers were supposed to embark. Upon arrival, the crew completed two circuits over the airport of Ostend before initiating the final approach. Weather conditions were poor with limited visibility due to fog. On final, at a height of some 20 metres, the aircraft hit with its right wing the chimney of the 'Briqueterie Nationale' located in Stene. The aircraft stalled and crashed upside down, bursting into flames. All 11 occupants were killed, among them Grand Ducal and Duchess of Hesse and two of their children.
Crew:
Antoine Lambotte, pilot,
Maurice Courtois, radio navigator,
Ivan Lansmans, engineer.
Passengers:
Georges-Donatus von Hesse-Darmstadt, Grand-Ducal of Hesse,
Cécile de Grèce, Grand Duchess of Hesse,
Éléonore von Solms-Hohensolms-Lich,
Louis von Hesse-Darmstadt,
Alexander von Hesse-Darmstadt,
Joachim Riedesel zu Eisenbach,
Arthur Martens,
Lina Hahn.
Probable cause:
An airport employee was blamed for not adequately assisting the pilot down in the conditions of poor visibility, even though rockets had been fired from the ground in an attempt to do so.

Crash of a Douglas DC-2-115L in Brussels: 15 killed

Date & Time: Jul 28, 1937 at 1040 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PH-ALF
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Amsterdam – Brussels – Paris
MSN:
1585
YOM:
1936
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
11
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
15
Circumstances:
Less than five minutes after takeoff from Brussels-Haren Airport, while climbing to a height of 1,200 feet, the aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in a wheat field located 300 metres from Brages' station, bursting into flames. The airplane named 'Flamingo' was totally destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all 15 occupants were killed.
Crew:
Cornelius Theo Regnerus Steensma, pilot,
Bernardus Ludekuize, radio navigator,
Gerardus Geering, engineer,
Martha Johanna van der Laan, stewardess.
Passengers:
A. Bloem,
W. Canton,
M. Goldbloom,
B. F. Mun,
N. Nathans,
C. Tondreau,
R. Tondreau-Tollenaere,
R. Trillo,
F. Wetzlar,
H. Wapperom,
G. Whitehouse.
Probable cause:
A fire erupted in the cabin shortly after take off for unknown reasons. Investigations were unable to determine the exact cause of the accident.

Crash of a Sabca F7/3m in Silly-le-Long: 2 killed

Date & Time: Apr 21, 1936 at 2100 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OO-AIF
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Paris – Brussels – Cologne
YOM:
1929
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a cargo flight from Paris to Cologne with an intermediate stop in Brussels. Few minutes after takeoff from Paris-Le Bourget Airport, the three engine aircraft went out of control and crashed in an open field located in Silly-le-Long, some 30 km northeast of Le Bourget Airport. Both crew members were killed.

Crash of a Savoia-Marchetti SM.73 in Tatsfield: 11 killed

Date & Time: Dec 10, 1935 at 1645 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OO-AGN
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Brussels – Croydon
MSN:
30004
YOM:
1935
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
11
Circumstances:
The crew initiated the descent to Croydon at sunset. The visibility was poor due to a cloud ceiling down to 100 metres. Too low on approach, the three engine aircraft impacted tree tops, stalled and crashed in a wooded area located in Tatsfield, some 13 km southast of Croydon Airport, bursting into flames. The airplane was destroyed and all 11 occupants were killed.
Crew:
Jean Schroonbroodt, pilot,
Jean Desmet, radio navigator,
Alphonse Verbinnen, engineer,
Raymond Strechfuss, steward.
Probable cause:
It was concluded by the UK Accidents Investigation Branch that the pilot, who did not request bearings from the airport and tried to navigate on his own, had descended out of the clouds prematurely, apparently uncertain of his position. He then must have initiated a steep climbing turn to the left to avoid the surrounding hilltops or after realizing that the visible lights were in fact those of Biggin Hill Aerodrome, not Croydon. During the evasive manoeuvre, the SM.73 apparently lost flying speed and stalled, resulting in an uncontrolled descent. And after the stall, some of the passengers may have been thrown forward, causing a weight distribution imbalance that would have hindered the ability of the pilot to regain control. No evidence was found of any prior mechanical or structural failure in the aircraft.