Crash of a Beechcraft H18 in Morissonville: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 19, 1984 at 2058 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N218X
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Plattsburgh – Morrisonville – Syracuse
MSN:
BA-689
YOM:
1964
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
3473
Captain / Total hours on type:
280.00
Aircraft flight hours:
7395
Circumstances:
The pilot landed on the ice and snow covered runway after loading 1,512 lbs of cargo in freezing drizzle conditions, he taxied for takeoff for an IFR departure shortly after rotation, the right wing dropped and the aircraft touched down back on the runway. Visual exam of the aircraft revealed ice accumulations on the leading edges and upper wing surfaces. The pilot attempted to get deice equipment, which was not available. The pilot was offered use of a hangar which he declined. The airport manager was en route to check runway condition for plowing the ice and snow covered runway when the pilot returned to the aircraft. An unsuccessful attempt was made to remove ice from the leading edges by hand. The pilot decided to attempt another takeoff and at this time was almost 1/2 hour beyond his scheduled departure time. Liftoff was approximately 1/5 of way down and after flying at 50 feet agl initiated climb. After attaining an altitude of several hundred feet, the aircraft stalled and descended uncontrolled to impact. The aircraft was destroyed by impact and fire and the pilot was fatally injured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - icing conditions
2. (c) ice/frost removal from aircraft - not attained - pilot in command
3. (c) self-induced pressure - pilot in command
4. (f) wing - ice
5. (f) airport snow removal - not performed - airport personnel
6. (f) stabilizer - ice
7. (f) all available runway - not used - pilot in command
8. (f) terrain condition - icy
9. (f) aircraft performance, takeoff capability - deteriorated
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Findings
10. (f) object - tree(s)
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed 18-56 LodeStar in Oneonta: 2 killed

Date & Time: Mar 16, 1984 at 2330 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N77777
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
2373
YOM:
1943
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
13000
Circumstances:
At approximately 2330 est, witnesses near the crash site heard an aircraft, and shortly thereafter, they saw a flash. One of them, who was driving a car, went back to the area the next day and found the aircraft wreckage. The aircraft had crashed and burned about one mile from the approach end of runway 24. Wreckage was strewn along an area of about 250 feet long and was oriented on a heading of 230°. The aircraft was descending in an estimate 40° dive when it hit the ground. An exam of the wreckage did not disclose any evidence of a malfunction. About 3,500 lbs of marijuana was found in the wreckage. The 2010 weather at the airport was: indefinite 500 feet obscuration, visibility 1 1/4 mile with rain and light fog, temperature 33°, wind from 280° at 5 knots. Another pilot had landed at 2015. He said his aircraft had accumulated a trace of rime ice. At the time of the accident, witnesses said the roads were lightly covered with ice snow. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: approach
Findings
1. (f) judgment - poor - pilot in command
2. Stolen aircraft/unauthorized use - performed - pilot in command
3. (f) flight into known adverse weather - performed - pilot in command
4. (f) light condition - night
5. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
6. (f) weather condition - fog
7. (f) weather condition - obscuration
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: approach
Findings
8. (c) aircraft handling - not maintained - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 425 Conquest in Ithaca

Date & Time: Feb 25, 1984 at 1050 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N6886D
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Worcester - Ithaca
MSN:
425-0152
YOM:
1982
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
3541
Captain / Total hours on type:
401.00
Circumstances:
The pilot stated that he was utilizing the autopilot and flight director to execute the ILS approach to runway 32. The autopilot was tracking the localizer while the pilot controlled the rate of descent along the glideslope with pitch command wheel on the autopilot, using the command bars as a steering reference in addition to the raw data glideslope needle on the hsi. All seemed normal, according to the pilot, until the aircraft struck trees about 450 feet above airport elevation two miles short of the runway and came to rest on the localizer centerline. A zero feet ceiling with an eighth mile visibility existed at the airport. During the investigations, it was determined that the 1000 a ifcs will not provide vertical steering commands as operated by the pilot, but is driven by the pitch wheel. This is not specifically stated in the poh. The pilot had flown extensively with the 800 series ifcs which will provide the expected steering commands. Extensive damage precluded a functional test of the raw data glideslope needle. Both occupants were slightly injured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (IFR)
Findings
1. (c) proper glidepath - not maintained - pilot in command
2. (c) reason for occurrence undetermined
3. (f) flight/navigation instrument(s) - improper use of - pilot in command
4. (f) weather condition - below approach/landing minimums
----------
Occurrence #2: fire
Phase of operation: other
Final Report:

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 100 in New York

Date & Time: Jan 13, 1984 at 1442 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N148PM
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
New York - Ottawa
MSN:
10108
YOM:
1958
Flight number:
PM035
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
21
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
7012
Captain / Total hours on type:
799.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
3151
Copilot / Total hours on type:
197
Aircraft flight hours:
42040
Aircraft flight cycles:
39945
Circumstances:
At 1442 on January 13, 1984, Pilgrim Airline Flight 35, a scheduled 14 CFR Part 121 flight with 21 passengers and a crew of three took off from runway 04L at John F. Kennedy International Airport, Jamaica, New York, en route to Ottawa, Canada. The weather was, in part, ceiling 2,700 feet overcast, visibility 7 miles; wind, 050° at I4 knots; and temperature 26°. As the captain raised the landing gear, the propeller on the left engine autofeathered. The captain initiated emergency procedures and told the first officer that he was retarding the power lever for the left engine. Concurrently, according to the cockpit voice recorder, the right engine experienced a power loss, and the airplane began to descend. The first officer, who was flying the airplane, maintained directional control, and the captain immediately put the landing gear lever down. however, the airplane struck the runway before the landing gear extended fully, and slid about 1,200 feet before stopping near the intersection of taxiway "G" and runway 04L. The captain and 13 passengers incurred minor injuries, and the flight attendant incurred a fracture of the spine. The airplane was damaged substantially; there was no postcrash fire.
Probable cause:
The flight crew's failure to use engine anti-ice on the inbound flight to JFK, the captain's failure to conduct a thorough pre-flight inspection, and the flight crew's decision to use engine anti-ice on take-off from JFK which led to power losses on both engines.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 425 Conquest in Newburgh: 1 killed

Date & Time: Dec 12, 1983 at 1856 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N6774R
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Wichita - White Plains
MSN:
425-0045
YOM:
1981
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
8636
Captain / Total hours on type:
26.00
Aircraft flight hours:
291
Circumstances:
During arrival, there were indefinite delays at White Plains, NY, so the pilot diverted to Newburgh, NY. He was vectored for an ILS runway 09 approach. While en route, the pilot requested and was given the ILS frequency, minimums for the approach, the airport elevation (491 feet msl), the Newburgh weather and the frequency for the outer compass locator (even tho, current approach charts were on board). He was cleared for the approach, but the aircraft hit trees and crashed, 2.58 miles west of runway 09. Elevation of the crash site was about 580 feet. The minimum descent altitude (MDA) for the approach was 682 feet. An exam of the wreckage revealed no preimpact part malfunction or failure. The pilot was required to wear lenses to correct his vision. The area forecast called for icing, turbulence, low level wind shear, low ceilings, rain, drizzle, fog and a chance of light freezing rain/drizzle. Reportedly the pilot received a full weather briefing, but was not briefed on sigmets Juliett 7 and Lima 4 which called for moderate to severe turbulence and low level wind shear and occasional moderate to severe mixed/clear icing in clouds and precipitations below 8,000 feet.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: approach
Findings
1. Preflight briefing service - improper - ATC personnel (FSS)
2. Flight into known adverse weather - performed - pilot in command
3. (f) approach aids - congested
4. Initiated - pilot in command
5. (f) light condition - dark night
6. (f) weather condition - icing conditions
7. (f) weather condition - turbulence
8. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
9. (f) weather condition - rain
10. (f) weather condition - fog
11. (f) weather condition - unfavorable wind
12. (f) weather condition - windshear
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (IFR)
Findings
13. (c) IFR procedure - improper - pilot in command
14. (f) lack of total experience in type of aircraft - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Grand Commander 680 in Bayport: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jul 28, 1983 at 1515 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N6878S
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Bayport - Islip
MSN:
680-409-85
YOM:
1956
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
4000
Aircraft flight hours:
4967
Circumstances:
At about 60 feet agl black smoke was observed coming from the left engine. The aircraft continued a climb in a nose high attitude and the nose pitched down and the aircraft rolled inverted. Engine teardown revealed extensive damage to the supercharger assembly. The impeller shaft was bent and its associated bearing damaged. The aircraft had not flown for about 14 years. Engine service instructions describe pre-oiling of the supercharger drive shaft bearing after any prolonged period of inactivity. The owner, a paraplegic, was seated in the left seat. The pilot seated in the right seat had a history of heart and pulmonary disease. The gear and flaps were in the down position. Prior to departure, a witness asked the owner 'are you doing the elevators and ailerons and is he your rudders.' the owner responded with 'we have an arrangement'. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power(total) - mechanical failure/malfunction
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Findings
1. (c) maintenance, service bulletin/letter - not followed - company maintenance personnel
2. (c) engine assembly, blower/impeller/integral supercharger - failure, total
3. (c) maintenance, lubrication - not performed - company maintenance personnel
----------
Occurrence #2: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Findings
4. (c) aircraft handling - uncontrolled - pilot in command
5. (c) incapacitation (other cardiovascular) - pilot in command
6. (c) airspeed (VMC) - not possible - unqualified person
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo in Ithaca: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 5, 1982 at 0749 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N546BA
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Utica – Ithaca – Washington DC
MSN:
31-709
YOM:
1971
Flight number:
EMP141
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
3300
Captain / Total hours on type:
728.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2200
Copilot / Total hours on type:
380
Aircraft flight hours:
5906
Circumstances:
The airplane crashed while attempting an approach to Tompkins County Airport, Ithaca, New York, an en route stop from schedule flight 141 from Utica to Washington DC. The flight crew had contacted Elmira approach control and had received instructions for an instrument landing system (ILS) approach to runway 32 at Tompkins County Airport. About 07:40 EST, the copilot declared an emergency stating that the airplane had a landing flap problem; he later stated that only one flap was down. He also stated that they were not able to maintain altitude and that the airplane was descending. Elmira approach lost radar contact with the airplane about 07:41 EST; the last radio transmission from the flight was recorded about 07:45 EST. The airplane crashed in a wooded area near three suburban residences. The pilot and copilot, the only persons aboard, were killed. There were no injuries to personnel on the ground. The airplane was destroyed by impact and post impact fire.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of the accident was excessive wear of the left flap motor/flexible drive spline and certification of the airplane with a flap system that did not meet the requirements of Civil Air Regulation 3.339. The worn spline caused a split flap condition of 34 that resulted in marginal flight control authority. Moderate low altitude turbulence and transient low level wind shear may have contributed to the upset and loss of control.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed L-1329 JetStar 731 in White Plains: 8 killed

Date & Time: Feb 11, 1981 at 1840 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N520S
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Toronto - White Plains
MSN:
5084
YOM:
1966
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Captain / Total flying hours:
24000
Captain / Total hours on type:
4500.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8947
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1374
Aircraft flight hours:
7413
Aircraft flight cycles:
5308
Circumstances:
About 1840 e.s.t., on February 11, 1981, a Lockheed JetStar L-1329-731, N520S, crashed during an instrument landing system approach to runway 16 at the Westchester County Airport, White Plains, New York. The area weather was dominated by low obscured ceilings, rain, fog, and reduced visibility. Winds were strong and gusty with moderate to severe turbulence in the lower levels. Following a recent modification of the generator control. circuitry, the aircraft's electrical system had experienced several multiple generator failures.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of this accident was a distraction to the pilot at a critical time as a the result of a major electrical system malfunction which, in combination with the adverse weather environment, caused an undetected deviation of the aircraft's flightpath into the terrain.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland CC-123 Otter on Slide Mountain: 4 killed

Date & Time: Dec 19, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
9407
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Norfolk - Newburgh - Ottawa
MSN:
367
YOM:
1960
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
En route from Newburgh-Stewart to Ottawa, the single engine airplane crashed in unknown circumstances on Slide Mountain, State of New York. The wreckage was found two days later and all four occupants were killed. The crew was returning to Ottawa following an exchange course at Norfolk NAS, Virginia.
Occupants:
Maj Eugene Ross,
Cpt Gilles Dessureault,
Cpt Jean Petit,
Lt Col D. R. Lawrence.

Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander 500B in Buffalo: 4 killed

Date & Time: Oct 17, 1980 at 2335 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N6395U
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Buffalo - §Huron
MSN:
500-1472-168
YOM:
1964
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
1045
Captain / Total hours on type:
451.00
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Buffalo Airport in blowing snow, the twin engine airplane encountered difficulties to maintain a positive rate of climb. It collided with ground and subsequently crashed. All four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled collision with ground during initial climb due to inadequate preflight preparation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The pilot failed to maintain a positive rate of climb,
- Low ceiling,
- High density altitude,
- Visibility one mile or less,
- Blowing snow,
- Mixtures found full rich,
- Airport elevation 4,951 feet.
Final Report: