Crash of a Boeing 737-247 in Casper

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N4527W
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Denver - Casper - Minneapolis
MSN:
20131/165
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
WA470
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
93
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
6698
Captain / Total hours on type:
2000.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8900
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2000
Aircraft flight hours:
14076
Circumstances:
Western Air Lines flight 470 to Casper and Minneapolis departed Denver at 07:03 in the morning. The airplane, on an IFR flight plan, climbed to its cruising altitude of FL220. At 07:36, following a descent to 12,000 feet, the flight crew contacted Casper approach control and advised that the flight was about 12 miles south of the Evansville Intersection. At that time, the controller cleared the flight to use the localizer back course approach for runway 25, to circle to runway 3, or to land straight in. The weather reported to the crew indicated poor visibility with light snow falling and wind 040° at 9 knots. One minute later, the approach controller advised that "runway 7/25 has been plowed. There's about a 1/4-inch of powder snow on it. Braking action reported, Convair 580, as poor. Runway 3/21 is being plowed at this time." At 07:51, Flight 470 reported at the Henning Intersection and was cleared to contact the Casper Tower. The tower controller cleared the flight to land on runway 25 and gave the wind as 030° at 8 knots. The flight was also advised by the controller that a disabled snow blower was "just west of the intersection runway 21, left side runway 25, on the edge ...." At 07:41:42, the first officer called out "thousand to go to the field." At 07:42:09, the first officer called "approaching minimums," and 12 seconds later, he called "just about at minimums." The aircraft then flew level for a few moments a t the minimum descent altitude (MDA). At 07:42:25, the first officer called the runway in sight directly below the aircraft. At that time airspeed was 150 knots and the flaps were at 25°. The first office then set the flaps at 30° as the captain initiated the final descent. The aircraft crossed the threshold at reference speed +15 knots. The aircraft touched down 2,375 feet from the departure end of the runway, about 6,306 feet from the approach end of the runway. The aircraft went off the departure end of the runway to the right of the centerline. After striking several metal stanchions in the first row of terminal bar lights, which were located 200 feet off the end of the runway, the aircraft struck a shallow irrigation ditch 280 feet off the runway end. The aircraft veered farther to the right and stopped about 800 feet beyond the departure end of the runway.
Probable cause:
The failure of the pilot-in-command to exercise good judgment when he failed to execute a missed approach and continued a non-precision approach to a landing without adequately assessing the aircraft's position relative to the runway threshold. Contributing to the accident were the excessive height and speed at which he crossed the approach end of the runway and the failure of other flight crew members to provide him with required callouts.
Final Report:

Crash of a Curtiss C-46A-45-CU Commando in Deadhorse

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N4860V
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Anchorage - Deadhorse
MSN:
30240
YOM:
1944
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
7403
Captain / Total hours on type:
1500.00
Circumstances:
Following an IFR descent to Deadhorse Airport, the crew cancelled the IFR flight plan and continued under VFR mode. During the last segment, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when the right main gear struck the ground short of runway threshold and was torn off. Power was increased and decision was taken to make a go-around but the right engine failed to respond properly. The airplane stalled and belly landed, slid for 460 meters and came to rest. While both pilots were uninjured, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The pilot-in-command misjudged distance, speed and altitude on final approach. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Downdrafts,
- Unfavorable wind conditions,
- Overload failure,
- Weather briefing by company dispatch,
- Wind gusting to 23 knots.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-48A-DO in DuBois

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N6
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
DuBois - Harrisburg
MSN:
4146
YOM:
1941
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
17177
Captain / Total hours on type:
3300.00
Aircraft flight hours:
13901
Circumstances:
While taking off from runway 25 at DuBois-Jefferson County Airport, the airplane went out of control, veered off runway to the left, went down an embankment and came to rest in a wooded area. All 11 occupants were injured while the aircraft was destroyed. The pilot, inexperienced and unqualified in the DC-3, was making the takeoff with a 7-knot crosswind and with an unlocked tailwheel.
Probable cause:
The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the accident was loss of control at takeoff because of the inexperience of the unqualified pilot making the takeoff and because of the failure of the experienced pilot in the right seat to assume timely control. The accident sequence was initiated by the poor judgment of the pilot-in-command in allowing an unqualified pilot to make the takeoff and by the Regional Director's assuming the left seat which was contrary to his own operating rules to assure that this aircraft was operated by qualified pilots at their respective duty stations.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed C-141A-20-LM Starlifter on Mt Constance: 16 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
64-0641
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Clark - Kadena - Yokota - McChord
MSN:
6054
YOM:
1964
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
12
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
16
Aircraft flight hours:
16793
Circumstances:
The airplane was conducting a flight from Clark AFB, Philippines, to McChord AFB with intermediate stops at Kadena AFB, Okinawa, and Yokota AFB, Tokyo, carrying 16 people among them six marines. En route to McChord, while cruising by night, the crew established contact with ATC and was cleared to descend from FL370 to FL150 then FL100. Few minutes later, after confusing the C-141 with another Navy aircraft, the air traffic controller cleared the crew to descent to 5,000 feet which was a too low altitude for the area. While descending at an altitude of 7,000 feet in limited visibility, the four engine airplane struck the slope of Mt Constance (7,756 feet high) located in the Olympic National Park, about 52 miles northwest of McChord AFB. The airplane impacted the mountain about 150 feet below the summit and caused an avalanche. Debris were found scattered on a wide area and none of the 16 occupants survived the crash.
Probable cause:
The air traffic controller with whom the captain conversed mistook the C-141 with another Navy aircraft. As a result, he cleared him to descend to FL050 when the minimum prescribed altitude was FL100. Due to limited visibility caused by night, lack of ground visual references and clouds, the crew was unable to distinguish the mountain. This resulted to a controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of a Rockwell 1121 Jet Commander in Tullahoma

Date & Time:
Operator:
Registration:
N711JT
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Oklahoma City - Tullahoma
MSN:
1121-091
YOM:
1967
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4300
Captain / Total hours on type:
70.00
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Oklahoma City, the twin engine airplane landed on runway 36 at Tullahoma-Northern Regional Airport. After touchdown, it was unable to stop within the remaining distance and overran the wet runway before colliding with trees. All seven occupants escaped with various injuries and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Overshoot runway and collided with trees after the crew delayed in initiating go-around. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Wet runway,
- Hydroplaning on wet runway,
- Touchdown on runway 36 near intersection with runway 24, approximately 2,000 feet remaining.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402 in Anchorage

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N8416F
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
402-0264
YOM:
1968
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed while taking off from Anchorage-Merrill Field Airport due to an excessive accumulation of frost on wings and fuselage. There were no casualties.

Crash of a Rockwell Shrike Commander 500S near Kelso: 2 killed

Date & Time:
Operator:
Registration:
N711LZ
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Apple Valley - Amarillo - Oklahoma City
MSN:
500-1846-35
YOM:
1968
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
9000
Captain / Total hours on type:
150.00
Circumstances:
While in cruising altitude between Apple Valley and Amarillo, the pilot encountered poor weather conditions and limited visibility. He failed to realize his altitude was too low when the airplane struck the slope of a mountain located in the region of Kelso. The wreckage was found four days later and both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain after the pilot continued VFR flight into adverse weather conditions. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Improper in-flight decisions,
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Low ceiling,
- Rain,
- High obstructions,
- Advised VFR flight not recommended.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S in Palwaukee: 1 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N54N
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chicago - West Memphis
MSN:
BA-303
YOM:
1957
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
While taking off from Chicago-Palwaukee Airport, the airplane stalled, struck the ground and eventually crashed in a greenhouse. The copilot was slightly injured while the captain was killed.
Probable cause:
Inadequate preflight preparation on part of the crew. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Selected wrong runway relative to existing wind,
- Premature liftoff,
- Failed to obtain/maintain flying speed,
- Snow,
- Airframe ice,
- Ice on windshield,
- Downwind,
- The pilot reported could not see,
- The copilot aborted takeoff,
- Snow on aircraft,
- No alcohol in system.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DH.104 Dove 2A near Carpinteria: 1 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N424SF
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Paso Robles - Los Angeles
MSN:
04335
YOM:
1952
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
6000
Captain / Total hours on type:
400.00
Circumstances:
While cruising by night in marginal weather conditions (low clouds), the airplane struck the slope of a mountain located near Carpinteria. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and the pilot, sole on board, was killed. The wreckage was found two days later.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain following improper in-flight decisions on part of the pilot. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Electrical failure,
- Low ceiling,
- High obstructions,
- Ceiling at 3,000 feet,
- Both generators and batteries failed in flight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft G18S in Troy: 1 killed

Date & Time:
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N6614B
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Montgomery - Dothan
MSN:
BA-487
YOM:
1960
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
1921
Captain / Total hours on type:
641.00
Circumstances:
While cruising by night under VFR mode, the pilot's attention diverted from operation and he failed to realize his altitude was too low when the airplane struck trees and crashed near Troy. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Collision with trees during normal cruise after the pilot diverted attention from operation of aircraft. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Misjudged altitude,
- Continued VFR flight into adverse weather conditions,
- Operated carelessly,
- Dense fog in area.
Final Report: