Crash of a Beechcraft C99 Airliner near San Luis Obispo: 15 killed

Date & Time: Aug 24, 1984 at 1118 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N6399U
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Los Angeles – Santa Maria – San Luis Obispo – San Francisco
MSN:
U-187
YOM:
1982
Flight number:
RM628
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
15
Captain / Total flying hours:
4110
Captain / Total hours on type:
873.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
6194
Copilot / Total hours on type:
62
Circumstances:
Wings West Airlines Flight 628, a commuter flight, departed Los Angeles for San Francisco, with scheduled en route stops at Santa Maria and San Luis Obispo. At 11:10, Flight 628 left the gate at San Luis Obispo. The weather at the time was essentially clear and the visibility was 15 miles. At 11:16, after taking off from runway 29, Flight 628 called the Los Angeles ARTCC and reported that it was climbing through 2,700 feet 'IFR to San Francisco.' At 11:17:23, the Los Angeles ARTCC’s radar controller cleared Flight 628 to the San Francisco airport, as filed, to climb and maintain 7,000 feet. At 11:17:38 the aircraft collided head-on with Rockwell Commander N112SM at 3,400 feet. This single-engined aircraft had departed Paso Robles Airport on a training flight with two pilots on board. Nll2SM was flying in visual meteorological conditions and under VFR in the vicinity of the San Luis Obispo Airport just before the collision.
Probable cause:
The failure of the pilots of both aircraft to follow the recommended communications and traffic advisory practices for uncontrolled airports contained in the Airman’s Information Manual to alert each other to their presence and to enhance the controller’s ability to provide timely traffic advisories. Underlying the accident were the physiological limitations of human vision and reaction time. Also underlying the accident was the short time available to the controller to detect and appraise radar data and to issue a safety advisory. Contributing to the accident was the Wings West Airlines policy which required its pilots to tune one radio to the company frequency at all times.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 707-131B in San Francisco

Date & Time: Nov 30, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N797TW
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Saint Louis - San Francisco
MSN:
18760
YOM:
1964
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
126
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
49910
Circumstances:
While descending to San Francisco Airport, the nose gear could not be lowered and remained stuck in its wheel well. Following a normal approach, the airplane landed on its main undercarriage then slid on its nose for few hundred yards before coming to rest. All 133 occupants were evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle III near Spanish Fork: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jan 9, 1979 at 1710 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N5469G
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Provo - San Francisco
MSN:
421C-0216
YOM:
1972
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Captain / Total flying hours:
2629
Captain / Total hours on type:
52.00
Circumstances:
Few minutes after takeoff from Provo Airport, while climbing in marginal weather conditions and limited visibility, the twin engine airplane struck the slope of a mountain located near Spanish Fork, few miles southeast of Provo. The wreckage was found four days later, on January 13. All five occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled collision with ground from climb to cruise due to improper IFR operation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Low ceiling,
- Fog,
- Snow,
- Visibility 3/4 mile or less.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft G18S in Sacramento: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 4, 1979 at 1738 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N104KC
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Sacramento - San Francisco
MSN:
BA-492
YOM:
1960
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
17000
Captain / Total hours on type:
2000.00
Circumstances:
At liftoff, the twin engine airplane stalled and crashed in flames by the runway. The aircraft was destroyed and both pilots were killed.
Probable cause:
Stall during initial climb after the crew failed to abort takeoff and failed to maintain flying speed.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-8-54F near Kaysville: 3 killed

Date & Time: Dec 18, 1977 at 0138 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N8047U
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
San Francisco – Salt Lake City – Chicago
MSN:
45880/275
YOM:
1966
Flight number:
UA2860
Location:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
14954
Captain / Total hours on type:
4148.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
9905
Copilot / Total hours on type:
366
Aircraft flight hours:
29832
Circumstances:
About 0138:28 m.s.t. on December 18, 1977, a United Airlines, Inc., DC-8F-54 cargo aircraft, operating as Flight 2860, crashed into a mountain in the Wasatch Range near Kaysville, Utah. The three flightcrew members, the only persons aboard the aircraft, were killed, and the aircraft was destroyed. Flight 2860 encountered electrical system problems during its descent and approach to the Salt Lake City Airport. The flight requested a holding clearance which was given by the approach controller and accepted by the flight crew. The flight then requested and received clearance to leave the approach control frequency for a "little minute" to communicate with company maintenance. Flight 2860 was absent from the Approach control frequency for 7 1/2 minutes. During that time, the flight entered an area near hazardous terrain. The approach controller recognized Flight 2860's predicament but was unable to contact the flight. When flight 2860 returned to approach control frequency, the controller told the flight that it was too close to terrain on its right and to make a left turn. After the controller repeated the instructions, the flight began a left turn and about 15 seconds later the controller told the flight to climb immediately to 8,000 feet. Eleven seconds later, the flight reported that it was climbing from 6,000 feet to 8,000 feet. The flight crashed into a 7,665-foot mountain near the 7,200-foot level. The aircraft was destroyed and all three crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
The approach controller's issuance and the flight crew's acceptance of an incomplete and ambiguous holding clearance in combination with the flight crew's failure to adhere to prescribed impairment-of-communications procedures and prescribed holding procedures. The controller's and flight crew's actions are attributed to probable habits of imprecise communication and of imprecise adherence to procedures developed through years of exposure to operations in a radar environment. Contributing to the accident was the failure of the aircraft's No.1 electrical system for unknown reasons.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31P Pressurized Navajo in Modesto: 3 killed

Date & Time: Aug 19, 1977 at 1153 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N7670L
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
San Francisco - Modesto
MSN:
31-7300151
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
6912
Captain / Total hours on type:
31.00
Circumstances:
On approach to Modesto City-County Airport, both engines failed simultaneously. The pilot attempted an emergency landing on a highway when the airplane struck an automobile and crashed. Both occupants on board the aircraft were slightly injured while three people were killed in the car.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure on final approach due to fuel exhaustion. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Mismanagement of fuel,
- Miscalculated fuel consumption,
- Fuel exhaustion,
- Forced landing off airport on land.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed L-188AF Electra in Deadhorse

Date & Time: Dec 10, 1974 at 2015 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N400FA
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
San Francisco - Fairbanks - Deadhorse
MSN:
1064
YOM:
1959
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
7400
Captain / Total hours on type:
33.00
Circumstances:
The airplane was completing a cargo flight from San Francisco to Deadhorse with an intermediate stop in Fairbanks, carrying a crew of three and 17,000 liters of fuel. After touchdown on a gravel runway covered by snow and ice, control was lost. The airplane veered off runway to the left, contacted an embankment then came to rest on a road. All three crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was partially destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
Failed to maintain directional control after touchdown. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Improper operation of powerplant controls,
- Lack of familiarity with aircraft,
- Thrust reversal asymmetrical,
- Overload failure,
- Airport conditions with ice/slush on runway,
- Gravel runway covered with compacted snow and ice,
- Hit five feet road bank.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo in Novato: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 11, 1974 at 1438 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N6565L
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
San Francisco - Novato
MSN:
31-487
YOM:
1969
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
5500
Captain / Total hours on type:
500.00
Circumstances:
After a special VFR flight plan was cancelled out of Hamilton AFB control zone, the crew started the descent to Novato-Gnoss Field under VFR mode in adverse weather conditions. On approach, the twin engine airplane struck the slope of a mountain and was destroyed. The wreckage was found two days later and both pilots were killed. At the time of the accident, weather conditions were poor with low ceiling, rain falls and fog.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain after the crew failed to follow the approved procedures for an approach to Novato-Gnoss Field Airport. The following factors were reported:
- Continued VFR flight into adverse weather conditions,
- Misjudged altitude,
- Low ceiling, rain and fog,
- High obstructions.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 707-331C in San Francisco

Date & Time: Sep 13, 1972 at 2243 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N15712
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
San Francisco - New York
MSN:
20068/814
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
TW604
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
14591
Captain / Total hours on type:
3401.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
7349
Copilot / Total hours on type:
320
Aircraft flight hours:
9424
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll on runway 01R at San Francisco Airport, after the V1 speed was reach, the crew noticed vibrations while the aircraft started to slow down. The captain decided to abort the takeoff but unable to stop within the remaining runway, the airplane overran, lost its nose gear and engine n°2 before coming to rest in the San Francisco Bay, broken in two. All three crew members were evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The initiation of rejected takeoff procedures, beyond V1 speed, with insufficient runway remaining in which to stop the aircraft. The crew action was prompted by the failure of the two right truck rear tires which produced a noticeable aircraft vibration and a reduction in aircraft acceleration.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DH.114 Heron 2D into the Pacific Ocean

Date & Time: Mar 29, 1972 at 2144 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N19D
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
San Francisco - Hilo
MSN:
14109
YOM:
1956
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
11980
Captain / Total hours on type:
2500.00
Circumstances:
On a ferry flight from San Francisco to Hilo, while cruising by night, all four engines stopped simultaneously. The crew informed ATC about his position and attempted to ditch the aircraft that came to rest in water about 219 miles off the Hawaiian coast. Both pilots were rescued and evacuated while the aircraft sank and was lost.
Probable cause:
Inadequate preflight preparation on part of the crew who miscalculated the fuel consumption and the flight time to check point. The following factors were reported:
- The crew became lost and disoriented.
Final Report: