Bogotá-El Dorado

Flight Type:

Cargo

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Miami – Bogotá

MSN:

48277

YOM:

1981

Location:

Country:

Region:

Cessna 208B Grand Caravan

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Aircraft flight hours:

77864

Aircraft flight cycles:

12224

Circumstances:

Following an uneventful cargo flight from Miami-Intl Airport on behalf of Lineas Aéreas Suramericanas, the crew started a night approach to Bogotá-El Dorado Airport. On final, the aircraft was unstable and too low when the GPWS alarm sounded five times. The captain increased engine power and elected to gain height, causing the aircraft to continue over the glide. At an excessive speed of 180 knots, the aircraft landed 1,500 feet past the runway 13L threshold (runway 13L is 3,800 metres long). After touchdown, the crew started the braking procedure but unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran. It lost its undercarriage, collided with the ILS equipment, lost both engines n°1 and 3 and eventually came to rest few hundred metres further in a grassy area. All three crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Probable cause:

Departure from runway 13 left the El Dorado airport as a result of a landing with a speed of 180 knots and 1500 feet from the threshold, during which the spoilers were not used and in which there was hydroplaning by the main landing gear making the braking action less than expected. The decision of the crew to continue the approach despite the fact that this was not stabilized in accordance with the criteria described in the manual of operations of the airline. The omission of points in the checklist and call out from the crew that resulted in a lower alert situation facing the parameters of the approach and monitoring the operation of key systems such as the extension of spoilers after the landing. The non-response to the ground proximity warning system that is sounded for at least five times during the final approach in two different modes.

Crash of a Cessna 208B Grand Caravan in El Para: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 13, 2003 at 0843 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

One Leasing

Registration:

N1116G

Flight Phase:

Flight

Flight Type:

Survey / Patrol / Reconnaissance

Survivors:

Site:

Mountains

Schedule:

Bogotá - Florencia

MSN:

208B-0402

YOM:

1994

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

The single engine aircraft was completing a survey flight over the Florencia area on behalf of the US Government, carrying four US citizens and one Colombian taking part to an anti-narcotic program. Eight minutes prior to its arrival in Floriencia, while cruising at an altitude of 5,000 feet, the aircraft suffered an engine failure. The crew attempted an emergency landing when the aircraft crashed on the slope of a mountain located near El Para, bursting into flames. All five occupants survived the accident but when FARC soldiers arrived on the scene, they shot down both pilots and captured all three other occupants. The bodies of both pilots were repatriated to the US few days later while the three hostages were released more than five years later in July 2008.

Probable cause:

It was determined that the engine failed after the turbine overheated in flight.

Crash of a Casa 212 Aviocar 300 in Tres Esquinas

Date & Time: Dec 5, 2000

Type of aircraft:

Casa 212 Aviocar

Operator:

Registration:

FAC-1251

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Military

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Bogotá – Tres Esquinas

MSN:

450

YOM:

1991

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

The aircraft departed Bogotá on a flight to Tres Esquinas, carrying a team of engineers who were involved in the refurbishment of the runway at Tres Esquinas Airport. On final approach, the crew encountered technical problems and attempted an emergency landing when the aircraft crashed in a wooded area located 3 km short of runway. Two occupants were injured.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-325 Navajo near Sasaima: 8 killed

Date & Time: Oct 29, 2000 at 1855 LT

Type of aircraft:

Piper PA-31-310 Navajo

Operator:

Oscar Osorio Ramírez

Registration:

HK-2644-P

Flight Phase:

Flight

Flight Type:

Private

Survivors:

Site:

Mountains

Schedule:

Pereira – Bogotá

MSN:

31-8112044

YOM:

1981

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

5066

Copilot / Total flying hours:

1822

Aircraft flight hours:

2869

Circumstances:

The twin engine aircraft departed Pereira-Macareña Airport in the afternoon on a flight to Bogotá-El Dorado Airport, carrying six passengers and two pilots. The flight was completed at an altitude of 15,000 feet and the crew was eventually cleared to start the descent to Bogotá for an approach to runway 13R. Shortly later, the aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in a wooded area located near Sasaima, about 42 km northwest of Bogotá Airport. The aircraft was totally destroyed upon impact and all eight occupants were killed.

Probable cause:

It was determined that the loss of control was the consequence of a double engine failure in flight due to a fuel exhaustion. At the time of the accident, all tanks were empty and the crew failed to calculate properly the fuel consumption, and the fuel quantity for the last leg from Pereira to Bogotá was insufficient. The aircraft was completing a series of flight since Octobre 26.

Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 727-230 in Bogotá: 53 killed

Date & Time: Apr 20, 1998 at 1645 LT

Type of aircraft:

Boeing 727-200

Operator:

Registration:

HC-BSU

Flight Phase:

Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Scheduled Revenue Flight

Survivors:

Site:

Mountains

Schedule:

Bogotá - Quito

MSN:

21622

YOM:

1978

Flight number:

AF422

Location:

Country:

Region:

De Havilland DHC-8-300 (Dash-8)

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

5062

Captain / Total hours on type:

2296.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

7872

Copilot / Total hours on type:

528

Aircraft flight hours:

34586

Aircraft flight cycles:

26475

Circumstances:

The flight from Bogotá to Quito was completed by TAME on a wet-lease contract for Air France, second leg from the AF422 flight from Paris to Quito via Bogotá operated by an Airbus A340. After takeoff from runway 13 at Bogotá-El Dorado Airport, the crew was cleared for a Girardot 1 departure that consist of continuing on runway heading for 2 miles after takeoff, followed by a 90° right turn over the Romeo beacon. For unknown reasons, the crew continued straight forward until the aircraft impacted the Mt El Cable located ahead of the airport. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 53 occupants were killed, among them 25 European Nationals, seven Italians, six French, three Danish, three Spanish, two Germans, two Austrians, one British and one Swiss. The wreckage was found 50 metres below the summit. At the time of the accident, weather conditions were poor with rain, clouds at 2,300 feet and CB's.

Probable cause:

The crew suffered a loss of situational awareness after takeoff while climbing in IMC conditions. The crew failed to comply with the Girardot 1 departure procedure, deviated from the published departure procedures and maintain runway heading until the aircraft collided with terrain.

Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland Dash-8-301 in Pereira

Date & Time: Sep 14, 1997 at 2000 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

HK-4062X

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Scheduled Revenue Flight

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

San Andrés – Bogotá – Pereira

MSN:

196

YOM:

1990

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Following a normal approach and landing, the crew started the braking procedure. After a course of about 700 metres, the undercarriage slowly retracted. The aircraft came to rest on its belly and was damaged beyond repair. All 44 occupants escaped uninjured.

Crash of a Boeing 727-21F in Bogotá

Date & Time: Jun 25, 1997 at 0122 LT

Type of aircraft:

Boeing 727-100

Operator:

Registration:

HK-1717

Flight Phase:

Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Cargo

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Bogotá – Barranquilla

MSN:

18993/215

YOM:

1965

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

20067

Captain / Total hours on type:

8664.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

4854

Copilot / Total hours on type:

292

Aircraft flight hours:

51014

Circumstances:

During the takeoff roll un runway 31 at Bogotá-El Dorado Airport, at a speed of 130 knots, the crew heard two explosions. As the aircraft started to vibrate, the captain decided to abandon the takeoff procedure and initiated an emergency braking manoeuvre. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran, rolled for 497 metres then lost its nose gear and came to rest. All six occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Probable cause:

It was determined that the tread on the left front tyre (nose gear) deflated and broke off during takeoff, causing severe vibrations. This caused the antiskid system to be unserviceable and the aircraft could not be stopped on the remaining distance as the runway surface was humid. It was also reported that no information were available from both CVR and FDR systems. At the time of the accident, the total weight of the aircraft was 1,461 kilos above MTOW, making the decision speed (V1) to be higher by reducing the stopping distance, which was insufficient when discontinuing the pilot controls takeoff in wet runway conditions.

Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-32B in Medellín: 4 killed

Date & Time: Dec 21, 1996 at 2232 LT

Type of aircraft:

Antonov AN-32

Operator:

Registration:

HK-4008X

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Cargo

Survivors:

Site:

Medellín-José María Córdova (Rionegro)

Schedule:

Bogotá – Medellín

MSN:

3402

YOM:

1993

Location:

Antioquia

Country:

Region:

Rockwell Grand Commander 680

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

8635

Captain / Total hours on type:

550.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

1409

Copilot / Total hours on type:

Aircraft flight hours:

403

Circumstances:

The aircraft was completing a cargo flight from Bogotá to Medellín, carrying one passenger, three crew members and a load of 18,300 newspapers for a total weight of 4,970 kilos. While descending to Medellín-Rionegro Airport, the crew encountered difficulties to intercept the ILS and made successives left and right turn when, on final approach, the aircraft went out of control and crashed 8 km short of runway 36. All four occupants were killed.

Probable cause:

Loss of control following the in-flight fracture of the right wing that induced the rupture of the left stabilizer exceeding the ultimate resistance of the structure. The exact cause of the structural failure could not be determined.

Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Grand Commander 680F in Bogotá: 5 killed

Date & Time: Oct 24, 1995 at 0645 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Pedro Gastón Roberto Rozo Gómez

Registration:

HK-913-P

Flight Phase:

Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Private

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Bogotá-El Dorado – Bogotá-Guaymaral

MSN:

680-1234-120

YOM:

1963

Location:

Country:

Region: