Crash of an Ilyushin II-18 in Bratislava: 82 killed

Date & Time: Nov 24, 1966 at 1630 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
LZ-BEN
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Sofia - Budapest - Prague - Berlin
MSN:
184 0071 01
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
LZ101
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
74
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
82
Captain / Total flying hours:
11959
Captain / Total hours on type:
2002.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5979
Copilot / Total hours on type:
768
Circumstances:
Flight LZ101 was a scheduled international air service from Sofia to Berlin with intermediate stops in Budapest and Prague. The four engine airplane departed Budapest-Ferihegy Airport at 1146LT bound for Prague, but en route, the crew was informed the airport of Prague-Ruzyne was closed to all traffic due to poor weather conditions. So the crew decided to divert to Bratislava-Ivanka Airport where he landed at 1258LT. About 1550 hours the pilot-in-command of the aircraft decided to resume his flight to Prague. He took off from Bratislava Airport at 1628:30. After take-off he made a turn to starboard according to the flight clearance with the instruction to perform a right turn on to the OKR Beacon, to climb only to 300 m and then to climb on to the NI beacon up to the flight level of 5 100 m. At 1630:20 hours the flight was requested to change to the ATC approach service frequency, 120.9 Mc/s. The crew confirmed reception of this message, but they did not carry out the retuning. Shortly afterwards the aircraft crashed into wooded ground in the mountains. The accident occurred 8 km away from the 31 runway threshold of Bratislava Airport at an altitude of 420 m above MSL, i.e. 288 m above the airport level. The aircraft was totally destroyed and none of the 82 occupants survived the crash.
Probable cause:
The Commission could not definitely establish the cause of accident. The Commission assumed that the most probable cause of the accident was insufficient evaluation of terrain relief and weather conditions in the Bratislava Airport control zone by the aircraft crew and lack of adaptation of the flight to these conditions. There are serious reasons to doubt whether the crew thoroughly evaluated the geographical and meteorological situation and drew from this evaluation the necessary conclusions in choosing the take-off runway, in accepting the flight clearance and in performing the takeoff and the departure by making a turn to the starboard on to the OKR beacon. The possibility must be admitted that the non-maintenance of the 15° bank and the 400 km/h speed (or the lowest possible limit of 360 km/h), which non-maintenance had a causal connexion with the accident, could be partly due also to errors in controlling and navigating the aircraft.
Final Report:

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18B in Almaty: 3 killed

Date & Time: Nov 22, 1966 at 1036 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75665
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Almaty – Semipalatinsk – Moscow
MSN:
188 0007 04
YOM:
1958
Flight number:
SU019X
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
60
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Aircraft flight hours:
8407
Aircraft flight cycles:
4440
Circumstances:
During take-off roll in poor weather conditions, the engine number 3 failed (probably due to the ingestion of wet snow). The aircraft veered off the snow covered runway to the right after a roll of 550 meters, got briefly airborne with a high angle of attack until the tail struck a 70 cm high mound. Out of control, the aircraft crashed in flames onto a hillside located 1,400 meters further on, by a river. Two passengers and a crew member were killed while all 65 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Failure of the engine number three during the takeoff roll due to a massive ingestion of wet snow that was thrown out from the right main gear.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Arkhangelsk

Date & Time: Aug 27, 1966 at 1407 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75552
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Arkhangelsk – Leningrad – Riga
MSN:
184 0074 04
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
SU3772
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
114
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
3042
Aircraft flight cycles:
2297
Circumstances:
During takeoff run at Arkhangelsk-Talaghi Airport, the crew encountered control problems. As the airplane was unstable, the captain decided to abort the takeoff procedure and started an emergency brake maneuver. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overrun and came to rest. Ten passengers were injured while all 111 other occupants were unhurt. The aircraft was considered as damaged beyond repair due to heavy structural damages.
Probable cause:
The crew failed to prepare the flight according to checklist and forgot to unlock the rudder prior to takeoff.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Cienfuegos: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jul 10, 1966
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CU-T830
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Havana – Santiago
MSN:
182 0049 05
YOM:
1962
Country:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
87
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
A multiple engine failure forced the crew to attempt an emergency landing near Cienfuegos. The aircraft crash landed in a field and came to rest. Two passengers were killed and two others were injured. All other 89 occupants escaped uninjured. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Multiple engine failure in flight.

Emergency landing of an Ilyushin II-18B in Magadan

Date & Time: Dec 23, 1965
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75688
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Moscow – Krasnoyarsk – Magadan
MSN:
189 0012 03
YOM:
1959
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On the leg from Krasnoyarsk to Magadan of a flight from Moscow to Magadan, the autopilot system failed while the aircraft was flying at a height of 8,000 metres by night. The aircraft banked to the left at an angle of 80-90°, entered a dive and descended at a speed of 730 km/h. Control was recovered by the crew at a height of some 4,000 metres. The crew managed to land safely at Magadan-Sokol Airport but the aircraft suffered structural damage during the dive with up to 3.8 g forces. Transferred to the Yegoryevsk technical school on 14DEC66, the aircraft was eventually struck of charge in 16FEB71 due to its poor technical condition. There were no casualties.
Probable cause:
Failure of the autopilot system in flight for undetermined reason.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18B in Almaty: 64 killed

Date & Time: Jan 4, 1965 at 0003 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75685
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Moscow – Omsk – Semipalatinsk – Almaty
MSN:
189 0011 05
YOM:
1959
Flight number:
SU101
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
95
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
64
Aircraft flight hours:
6802
Circumstances:
The crew started the approach to Almaty Airport by night in below minima weather conditions. Despite the situation, the pilot continued the approach and let the aircraft pass below the glide. Suddenly, the airplane struck trees, banked right to an angle of 15° the crashed in flames in a snow covered field located 75 meters short of runway threshold. The wreckage was found 600 meters to the right of the extended centerline and the aircraft was destroyed upon impact. Three crew members and 64 passengers were killed while 39 other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
The crew decided to continue the approach below minima weather conditions by night. The pilot-in-command failed to take the decision to go around. Poor ATC assistance was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Belgrade: 33 killed

Date & Time: Oct 19, 1964 at 1135 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75668
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Moscow – Belgrade
MSN:
183 0057 04
YOM:
1963
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
22
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
33
Circumstances:
While descending to Belgrade-Surcin Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions. On final, ATC informed the pilot his altitude was insufficient and that he was approaching below the glide. In foggy conditions, the airplane struck trees and crashed in flames in a dense wooded area located on the slope of Mt Avala (520 meters high) located about 20 km from the runway 30 threshold. The wreckage was found about 35 meters below the summit and all 33 occupants were killed. Among the victims were Marshall Sergei S. Biryuzov and General Vladimir I. Zhdanov accompanied by 15 WWII Veterans who were flying to Belgrade to take part to the celebration of the 20th Anniversary of the offensive of the city of Belgrade by the Soviet Army on 20 October 1944. Following the accident, all celebrations were cancelled.
Probable cause:
The crew continued the approach at an insufficient altitude, maybe due to an altimeter misreading or malfunction. At the time of the accident, the visibility was reduced due to fog and the weather conditions were poor due to rain falls and cross winds up to 25 knots.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V near Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: 87 killed

Date & Time: Sep 2, 1964 at 2111 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75531
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Moscow – Krasnoyarsk – Khabarovsk – Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
MSN:
180 0024 02
YOM:
1963
Flight number:
SU721
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
84
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
87
Aircraft flight hours:
1269
Aircraft flight cycles:
358
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Khabarovsk, the crew received the permission to descend to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Airport but was instructed to maintain a minimum altitude of 600 meters. By night, while in a flat attitude but slightly banked to the right, the airplane struck trees, stalled and crashed in a dense wooded area located on Mt Ufa, some 26 km northwest of the airport. Six passengers (three adults and three children) were seriously injured while 87 other occupants, among them all nine crew members, were killed.
Probable cause:
The crew failed to comply with the published procedures and started the descent prematurely, causing the aircraft to approach below the minimum safe altitude. The following factors were considered as contributing:
- Poor flight preparation,
- Lack of visibility,
- Lack of radar availability at destination airport.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Magadan

Date & Time: Aug 3, 1964
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75824
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
182 0049 03
YOM:
1962
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Magadan Airport, the four engine aircraft was too low and struck the ground short of runway, causing the undercarriage to be sheared off. The airplane belly landed and slid for dozen yards before coming to rest. There were no injuries but the aircraft was written off.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V near Urakhcha: 67 killed

Date & Time: Apr 4, 1963 at 0430 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75866
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Moscow – Krasnoyarsk
MSN:
183 0059 01
YOM:
1963
Flight number:
SU025
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
59
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
67
Aircraft flight hours:
154
Aircraft flight cycles:
68
Circumstances:
While cruising at an altitude of 7,500 meters, the engine number four failed. Unable to determine which of the right engine failed, the crew shot down both engines and feathered both propellers. Control was lost and the airplane banked right and entered a dive. The aircraft reached a rate of descent of 1,800 meters per minute (30 meters per second). The ailerons were sheared off and after passing through the last cloud layer at an altitude of 200 meters, the crew elected to regain control but the airplane struck the ground at a speed of 650 km/h and crashed in a snow covered field located 3,5 km southeast of Urakhcha. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and debris were found on 250 meters width and 800 meters long. Both right engines were found 600 meters away from the point of impact and elements of the ailerons were found some 12 km from the crash site. It was determined that both right engines were not running at impact while both left engines were turning at full power. The accident was not survivable.
Probable cause:
Failure of the pitch control mechanism on the engine number four, which caused severe drag and a loss of control.