Crash of a Douglas DC-7BF in Yakutat: 4 killed

Date & Time: Sep 12, 1977 at 0012 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N6314J
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Yakutat - Anchorage
MSN:
45359/868
YOM:
1957
Location:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Yakutat Airport, while climbing to a height of 50 feet, one of the engine caught fire. The captain elected to return for an emergency landing when he lost control of the airplane that crashed in flames in a wooded area located 2,5 miles from the airport. The aircraft was destroyed and all four crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Engine failure during initial climb due to inadequate maintenance and inspection. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Attempted operation with known deficiencies in equipment,
- Powerplant - exhaust system: stacks,
- Valve assemblies,
- Fire in engine,
- Improperly loaded aircraft, weight and CofG,
- Improper emergency procedures,
- Pilot fatigue,
- Aircraft approximately 1,745 pounds over max gross weight,
- Engine not feathered as the autofeather system was not connected,
- 100 octane fuel.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 200 near Iliamna: 13 killed

Date & Time: Sep 6, 1977 at 1452 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N563MA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Iliamna - Anchorage
MSN:
196
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
AAI302
Location:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
11
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
13
Captain / Total flying hours:
4335
Captain / Total hours on type:
1124.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1380
Copilot / Total hours on type:
371
Aircraft flight hours:
15369
Circumstances:
Flight 302 departed Iliamna at 1419LT with 11 passengers and 2 crew members on board. It was cleared to Anchorage on an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan via the low frequency airways--Red Airway 99 (Red 99) to the Kakon Intersection, and then Green Airway 8 (Green 8) to Anchorage. The flight was to maintain 7,000 ft. At 1425:20, the flight crew of Flight 302 established radio contact with Anchorage Air Route Traffic Control Center's (Anchorage Center) D2 nonradar sector controller. They reported that the flight was level at 7,000 ft and that they estimated arrival at Kakon Intersection at 1434. At 1428:35, Anchorage Center requested the flight's estimate for its arrival at Homer, Alaska. The flight crew responded that they estimated to be over Homer at 1515. The flight crew of Flight 302 did not make radio contact when they were over Kakon Intersection; however, at 1439:40 they requested of Anchorage Center, "302, we would like to file Green 8 and intercept the 192° bearing from Wildwood." Fifteen seconds later, Anchorage Center cleared the flight to proceed along the new route of flight and to remain at 7,000 ft. At 1440:50, the flight crew of Flight 302 advised, "302, we--we'll estimate Clams at 15 past the hour." Anchorage Center acknowledged the advisory. This was the last known radio transmission from Flight 302. At 1452:08, three abrupt, audible sounds were recorded on the Anchorage Center tape of incoming air-to-ground communications with Flight 302. These sounds were similar to those produced by a carrier frequency that was heard during the activation of Flight 302's radio transmitter during earlier radio communications with the Center. After several unsuccessful attempts to contact Flight 302 by several air traffic, control facilities between Iliamna and Anchorage and after the flight could not be detected on radar in the areas where radar coverage was available, Anchorage Center initiated the required actions to alert and notify appropriate authorities of a possible aircraft accident. U.S. Air Force search and rescue aircraft located the wreckage site at 1643 on September 7, 1977. The aircraft had struck a glacier face on the southwest side of Mt Iliamna at the 7,000 ft elevation. There were no survivors. Because of the rapidly changing environmental conditions on the glacier face of Mt Iliamna, recovery of bodies and wreckage was not possible.
Probable cause:
The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the accident was the failure of the flightcrew to use proper navigational procedures for the route to be flown, especially their failure to use the available backup means of navigation to verify the position and the progress of the flight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 411 off Yakutat: 7 killed

Date & Time: Aug 27, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N4930T
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Juneau - Anchorage
MSN:
411-0130
YOM:
1965
Location:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Captain / Total flying hours:
2150
Captain / Total hours on type:
100.00
Circumstances:
En route from Juneau to Anchorage, while cruising in marginal weather conditions, the pilot reported engine problems when contact was lost. The airplane entered a spin and crashed into the ocean off Yakutat. Few debris and two dead bodies were found. The aircraft sank and was lost.
Probable cause:
Due to lack of evidences, the exact cause of the accident could not be determined. The following findings were reported:
- Powerplant failure for undetermined reasons,
- Icing conditions including sleet and freezing rain,
- Partial loss of power on one engine,
- Complete failure of one engine,
- Weather slightly worse than forecast,
- Ceiling 1,200 feet,
- Pilot reported securing engine n°2,
- Passengers recovered from bay,
- Aircraft damage and injury index presumed.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft H18 near Wrangell: 6 killed

Date & Time: Aug 11, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
C-GWUY
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Ketchikan – Wrangell
MSN:
BA-655
YOM:
1963
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
5000
Captain / Total hours on type:
6.00
Circumstances:
While approaching Wrangell on a pleasure flight from Ketchikan, the pilot encountered poor weather conditions. At an altitude of 3,000 feet, the twin engine airplane struck a mountain and crashed. The wreckage was found few hours later and all six occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain after the pilot continued VFR flight into adverse weather conditions. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Improper in-flight decisions,
- Low ceiling,
- Fog.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft C-45G Expeditor in Kasilof

Date & Time: Aug 5, 1977 at 2200 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N2853G
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tyonek - Kasilof
MSN:
AF-188
YOM:
1952
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2907
Captain / Total hours on type:
250.00
Circumstances:
During an adverse bounced landing at Kasilof Airstrip, the cargo shifted and the airplane went out of control. It crashed and came to rest in flames. Both occupants were seriously injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled collision with ground after the 2,000 pounds cargo shifted upon landing. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Cargo not tied down.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-3 Otter in Alatna River: 1 killed

Date & Time: Aug 4, 1977 at 1905 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N48064
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Alatna River - Bettles
MSN:
278
YOM:
1958
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
5000
Captain / Total hours on type:
1500.00
Circumstances:
The pilot took off from a gravel bar adjacent to the Alatna River, bound for Bettles. After departure, the single engine airplane encountered difficulties to gain height, struck trees and crashed in flames. The aircraft was destroyed by a post crash fire and the pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Stall during initial climb due to misuse of flaps. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Failed to obtain flying speed,
- Misjudged distance, speed and altitude,
- Failed to abort takeoff,
- Loose gravel,
- High obstructions,
- Downdrafts, updrafts,
- Obstructions to vision,
- Evasive maneuver to avoid collision,
- Takeoff from rvr gravel bar toward bend in river,
- Trees, steep rvr bank at bend.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E90 King Air in Sitka: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jul 31, 1977 at 0130 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N4207S
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
King Salmon - Sitka
MSN:
LW-207
YOM:
1977
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Captain / Total flying hours:
2800
Captain / Total hours on type:
20.00
Circumstances:
While descending to Sitka in limited visibility, the twin engine airplane struck a mountain and crashed few miles from the destination. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact and all five occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain on final approach. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Improper IFR operation,
- Lack of familiarity with aircraft,
- Mountains adjacent to Sitka obscured.
Final Report:

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-6 Islander in Ruby: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jul 21, 1977 at 1845 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N22JA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Ruby - Colorado Creek
MSN:
264
YOM:
1971
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
3675
Captain / Total hours on type:
400.00
Circumstances:
At takeoff from an unsuitable terrain, the twin engine airplane went out of control and crashed. A passenger was killed while three other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
The pilot selected unsuitable terrain and misjudged speed and clearance.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Grand Commander 680FL in Savoonga

Date & Time: Feb 19, 1977 at 1050 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N112NA
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Nome - Savoonga
MSN:
680-1750-145
YOM:
1968
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
19076
Captain / Total hours on type:
321.00
Circumstances:
While descending to Savoonga, the pilot encountered poor weather conditions when the airplane struck the ground few miles from the airstrip. All three occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed. The accident occurred in whiteout conditions (IMC conditions) with a 500 feet ceiling.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain in traffic pattern-circling after the pilot continued VFR flight into adverse weather conditions. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Ice propeller,
- Airframe ice,
- Whiteout conditions,
- Icing conditions including sleet and freezing rain,
- Low ceiling,
- Visibility below minimums.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft U-21A Ute in the Cook Inlet: 7 killed

Date & Time: Feb 10, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
67-18081
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Elmendorf - King Salmon
MSN:
LM-81
YOM:
1967
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
Few minutes after takeoff from Elmendorf AFB, while cruising in IMC conditions, the crew contacted ATC and requested the permission to obtain a higher level of flight. Shortly later, the airplane went out of control and crashed in the Cook Inlet. Intensive SAR operations were conducted but no trace of the airplane nor the seven occupants was ever found.
Crew:
Cpt Donald W. Deeter, pilot,
CW3 Ralph G. Battle, pilot,
Passengers:
SP4 Paul E. Jones,
Ltc William I. Barrett Jr.,
Ltc John S. Edge,
Maj James W. Nelson,
Maj Melvin J. Swiney.