Crash of a Piper PA-61 Aerostar (Ted Smith 601) in Marco Island: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 31, 2001 at 1015 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N900CE
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Venice - Marco Island
MSN:
61-0555-239
YOM:
1978
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
12980
Aircraft flight hours:
3633
Circumstances:
Witnesses watching N900CE's approach for landing to runway 17 at Marco Island Executive Airport stated the pilot appeared to have difficulty aligning the Machen modified Aerostar with the runway centerline. They stated the aircraft appeared unstable about the yaw and roll axes, and appeared too fast. Winds were from the southwest at about 15 knots, gusting to about 20 knots. One pilot/witness close to the touchdown area saw the right wheel touch down instantly, and climb back up to about 50 feet, agl without the full addition of engine power. Most witnesses thought he was either performing a go-around or an extended touch down further down the runway. The airplane continued, "..more and more wobbly" until it entered a climbing attitude and sharp left bank and turn. About half way down the runway the left wing dropped until it contacted the terrain left of the runway, and the aircraft slid into mangrove trees and burned. During postcrash examination, flight control continuity from surface to cockpit floorboards was confirmed. No condition was found with either engine or propeller that would have precluded proper operation, precrash. A witness listening to the pilot's initial radio call up for approach and landing stated that no abnormality was reported by the pilot. Postmortem toxicology testing on specimens obtained from the pilot by the FAA Toxicology and Accident Research Laboratory and the Dade County Medical Examiner revealed quinine found in the blood and urine. The side effects of quinine can include disturbances of vision, hearing, and balance.
Probable cause:
The failure of the pilot to maintain control of the aircraft during a rejected landing and the collision with the terrain and mangrove trees. A finding in the investigation was the presence of quinine in the blood and urine during postmortem toxicological testing of specimens from the pilot.
Final Report:

Crash of a Gulfstream GIII in Aspen: 18 killed

Date & Time: Mar 29, 2001 at 1901 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N303GA
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Burbank – Los Angeles – Aspen
MSN:
303
YOM:
1980
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
15
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
18
Captain / Total flying hours:
9900
Captain / Total hours on type:
1475.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5500
Copilot / Total hours on type:
913
Aircraft flight hours:
7266
Aircraft flight cycles:
3507
Circumstances:
On March 29, 2001, about 1901:57 mountain standard time, a Gulfstream III, N303GA, owned by Airbourne Charter, Inc., and operated by Avjet Corporation of Burbank, California, crashed while on final approach to runway 15 at Aspen-Pitkin County Airport (ASE), Aspen, Colorado. The charter flight had departed Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) about 1711 with 2 pilots, 1 flight attendant, and 15 passengers. The airplane crashed into sloping terrain about 2,400 feet short of the runway threshold. All of the passengers and crew members were killed, and the airplane was destroyed. The flight was being operated on an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan under 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 135.
Probable cause:
The flight crew's operation of the airplane below the minimum descent altitude without an appropriate visual reference for the runway. Contributing to the cause of the accident were the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) unclear wording of the March 27, 2001, Notice to Airmen regarding the nighttime restriction for the VOR/DME-C approach to the airport and the FAA's failure to communicate this restriction to the Aspen tower; the inability of the flight crew to adequately see the mountainous terrain because of the darkness and the weather conditions; and the pressure on the captain to land from the charter customer and because of the airplane's delayed departure and the airport's nighttime landing restriction.
Final Report:

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 500F in Surabaya: 3 killed

Date & Time: Mar 26, 2001 at 1825 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-MFL
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Surabaya - Surabaya
MSN:
10609
YOM:
1981
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
4506
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4325
Aircraft flight hours:
31300
Aircraft flight cycles:
38200
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Surabaya-Juanda Airport, consisting of touch-and-go manoeuvres. While approaching the airport to complete the eighth landing, at an altitude of 500 feet, the aircraft rolled to the left then stalled and crashed in a pond located 3 km short of runway, bursting into flames. All three pilots were killed. Both captains were operating on Casa-Nurtanio CN-235 (IPTN) and making a transition to Fokker F27.

Crash of a Socata TBM-700 in Denver: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 26, 2001 at 0719 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N300WC
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Denver – Santa Monica
MSN:
82
YOM:
1993
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
1024
Captain / Total hours on type:
136.00
Aircraft flight hours:
5139
Circumstances:
The airplane was fueled to capacity and placed in a heated hangar about one hour before departure. The instrument rated pilot obtained a weather briefing, filed an IFR flight plan, and obtained an IFR clearance. Low ceiling, reduced visibility, and ice fog prevented control tower personnel from observing the takeoff. Radar (NTAP) and on-board GPS data indicated the airplane began drifting to the left of runway centerline almost immediately after takeoff. The airplane made a climbing left turn, achieving a maximum altitude of 7,072 feet and completing 217 degrees of turn, before beginning a descending left turn. The airplane impacted terrain on airport property. Autopsy/toxicology protocols were unremarkable. There was no evidence of preimpact failure/malfunction of the airframe, powerplant, propeller, or flight controls. The autopilot and servos, pitot-static system, and flight instruments were tested and all functioned satisfactorily. The pilot's shoulder harness was found attached to the seatbelt, but the male end of the seatbelt buckle was broken.
Probable cause:
The pilot's spatial disorientation, which led to his failure to maintain aircraft control. A contributing factor was the pilot's decision to intentionally fly into known adverse weather that consisted of low ceilings, obscuration, and ice fog.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 in Saint-Barthélémy: 20 killed

Date & Time: Mar 24, 2001 at 1628 LT
Operator:
Registration:
F-OGES
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Sint Maarten - Saint-Barthélemy
MSN:
254
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
TX1501
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
17
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
20
Captain / Total flying hours:
9864
Captain / Total hours on type:
5000.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
670
Copilot / Total hours on type:
15
Aircraft flight hours:
35680
Aircraft flight cycles:
89331
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Saint Maarten Airport on a flight to Saint-Barthélemy Airport under callsign TX1501, carrying 17 passengers and two pilots. The captain was pilot flying and the cruise level was 1,500 feet. The crew left the Sint Maarten Juliana aerodrome frequency when abeam of the island of Fourchue, the entry point of the aerodrome circuit located three nautical miles northwest of the island of Saint-Barthélemy. A few seconds later, they announced, on the Saint-Barthélemy Information frequency, that they were passing the 'Fourchue' reporting point. Shortly afterwards, they announced passing the 'Pain de Sucre' reporting point for a final approach to runway 10. That was their last communication. When the aircraft began its short final before the La Tourmente pass, several people, including the AFIS agent, saw it turn left which a steep bank angle then dive towards the ground. It crashed near a house and caught fire. All of the occupants perished, along with one person who was in the house.
Probable cause:
The accident appears to result from the Captain's use of the propellers in the reverse beta range, to improve control of his track on short final. A strong thrust asymmetry at the moment when coming out of the reverse beta range would have caused the loss of yaw control, then roll control of the aircraft. The investigation could not exclude three other hypotheses which can nevertheless be classified as quite unlikely:
- A loss of control during a go-around,
- A loss of control due to a stall,
- A loss of control due to sudden incapacitation of one of the pilots,
The Captain's lack of recent experience on this airplane type, the undeniable difficulty of conducting an approach to runway 10 at Saint-Barthélemy and the pressure of time during this flight were contributory factors. The low height at which the loss of control occurred was an aggravating factor.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 707-3B4C in Monrovia

Date & Time: Mar 23, 2001 at 0430 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
SU-BMV
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Jeddah – Monrovia
MSN:
20260
YOM:
1969
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
175
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
55500
Aircraft flight cycles:
27300
Circumstances:
On a night approach to Monrovia-Roberts Airport, at an altitude of about 600 feet, the crew encountered local patches of fog and visual contact with the runway was momentarily lost by the pilot-in-command. Nevertheless, he decided to continue the approach when the aircraft landed hard on runway 04. The aircraft bounced twice then lost its both right engines. Out of control, it veered off runway and came to rest about 200 metres further. All 182 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain in Orléans

Date & Time: Mar 22, 2001 at 1835 LT
Operator:
Registration:
PH-ABD
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Orléans - Paris
MSN:
31-7305048
YOM:
1973
Flight number:
TLP2B
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
1110
Captain / Total hours on type:
688.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
327
Copilot / Total hours on type:
50
Aircraft flight hours:
9820
Circumstances:
On 22 March 2001 at about 17h35, the PA-31-350 Chieftain registered PH-ABD, call sign Tulip 2B, began its takeoff from runway 23 at Orléans-Saint Denis de l’Hôtel for an IFR departure to Paris-Le Bourget. The flight was passenger charter flight TLP2B. The pilot flying, who was the co-pilot seated in the left seat, was unable to perform the rotation. He aborted the takeoff but braking failed to stop the aircraft before the end of the runway. The runway surface was wet. Marks were left by the tyres from one hundred metres before the end of the runway. The aircraft ran across grass soaked with water. The nose gear broke and the aircraft came to a stop about one hundred and eighty metres after the end of the runway. The crew had forgotten to remove the flight control locking device.
Probable cause:
The accident was caused by the crew’s failure to perform pre-flight actions and checks relating to unblocking and free movement of the flight controls and flight control surfaces. This failure was able to develop to the point of being the cause of the accident as a result of the absence of precise CRM procedures.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-47A-80-DL in Donalsonville

Date & Time: Mar 15, 2001 at 2130 LT
Registration:
N842MB
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Panama City – Albany
MSN:
19741
YOM:
1943
Flight number:
HKN041
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
6000
Captain / Total hours on type:
700.00
Circumstances:
The DC-3 experienced an in-flight engine fire, and made a forced landing at nearby airport, following the separation of the right engine assembly from the airframe. According to the pilot, during cruise flight, at 5000 feet, he heard a loud "bang" and saw a reflection of fire on his left engine nacelle. Fire damage was found on the trailing edge of the right wing and on the landing gear assembly. The engine examination also showed that No. 12 cylinder had separated from the main case. Evidence of oil from the No. 12 cylinder was found across engine and exhaust systems. Further examination revealed Nos. 7, 8 and 9 cylinders also failed and separated, and the engine seized and separated from the airframe.
Probable cause:
The failure and separation of No.12 cylinder from the engine case that resulted in an in-flight oil fed fire; and the subsequent separation of the right engine from airframe.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft G18S in Lanseria

Date & Time: Mar 14, 2001 at 1240 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ZS-OEP
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Lanseria - Lanseria
MSN:
BA-474
YOM:
1959
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
19639
Captain / Total hours on type:
24.00
Aircraft flight hours:
671
Circumstances:
The instructor was accompanied by a trainee pilot and two passengers (also pilots) on a local training flight and was in the process of doing type conversion training when the accident happened. On the third circuit after a touch and go landing on runway 06L, the right-hand engine failed soon after take-off. The aircraft was flown at low altitude in a left-hand circuit in an attempt to land onto runway 17. During this circuit the left-hand engine also failed. The aircraft collided with, and severed, three 11kV electrical conductors and executed a forced landing with the gear retracted to the North of FALA approximately 1 km from threshold of runway 17. The pilot only sustained minor injuries with no one else injured. The initial on-site inspection revealed that both front tanks, which were selected at the fuel tank selector, were empty. The pilot who was undergoing conversion training refueled the aircraft prior to the accident and stated that 70 litres of fuel was uplifted into each "inboard auxiliary" tank and that what he presumed to be the "main" tanks were filled to capacity. The instructor stated that upon his arrival, the pilot who refueled the aircraft told him that he had filled the "mains" and that the "centre aux. tanks" were partially filled. The instructor further stated that the "main" tanks were selected for the duration of the flight. The aircraft is equipped with three fuel tanks in each wing. These tanks are: Front, Rear Auxiliary and Auxiliary tanks. Only one fuel quantity gauge is installed in the aircraft. A seven position selector knob above the fuel quantity gauge determines the tank to which the gauge is connected which then indicates the amount of fuel in that respective tank. The left and right front tanks were selected on the fuel gauge selector knob.
Probable cause:
Poor preflight inspection. Miscommunication between instructor and student pilot resulting in fuel mismanagement and depletion of the front tanks' fuel supply and subsequent engine failure. A contributory factor is that both the instructor and the student were relatively unfamiliar with the aircraft and its systems.

Crash of a Boeing 727-223F in Kolonia

Date & Time: Mar 11, 2001 at 1737 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N701NE
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Majuro - Kolonia
MSN:
22459
YOM:
1981
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Kolonia Airport (Pohnpei Island), the aircraft was too low. It struck the ground just short of runway threshold, causing the right main gear to be torn off and the left main gear to collapse. The aircraft slid on its belly for few dozen metres before coming to rest on the runway. All three crew members escaped uninjured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.