Crash of a Boeing 707-331C in São Paulo

Date & Time: Mar 7, 2001 at 0030 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PT-MST
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Belém – Brasilía – São Paulo
MSN:
18711
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
SKC9101
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4200
Captain / Total hours on type:
2543.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
3858
Copilot / Total hours on type:
361
Aircraft flight hours:
70422
Aircraft flight cycles:
28047
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a cargo flight from Belém to São Paulo with an intermediate stop in Brasilía, carrying three crew members and a load of various goods such as mail and fish. While descending to São Paulo-Guarulhos Airport in good weather conditions at an altitude of 10,000 feet, the crew encountered technical problems with the trim system. Several manual controls and tests were conducted and the system worked before failing again between 6,000 and 4,700 feet. The captain decided to continue the approach but the aircraft became unstable and nosed down on short final. It landed hard on runway 09R, causing the undercarriage to be torn off. The aircraft slid for about 1,000 metres then veered off runway to the left and came to rest in a grassy area. All three crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the technical problems on the trim system could not be determined with certainty. The following contributing factors were identified:
- The decisions of the crew and more particularly of the captain during the last phase of flight were incorrect,
- The crew training program for emergency situation was incomplete,
- Improper use of flaps and slats on final approach made the situation worse,
- The captain did not follow the procedure determined for such an emergency situation and decided to continue the approach maneuver, increasing the risk margin and placing the airplane in critical operating conditions,
- Due to deviations from the published standard operational procedures, such as failure to complete the approach briefing and not following the approach checklist, the coordination among the flight crew was poor, leading to further deviations and putting the crew in a critical situation.
Final Report:

Ground explosion of a Boeing 737-4D7 in Bangkok: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 3, 2001 at 1448 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HS-TDC
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Bangkok – Chiang Mai
MSN:
25321
YOM:
1991
Flight number:
TG114
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
While parked at gate 62 at Bangkok-Don Mueang Airport, the aircraft suffered an explosion and caught fire. On board were eight crew members awaiting 148 passengers to embark, among them Thaksin Shinawatra, Thai Prime Minister. Seven crew members were able to evacuate the cabin while the eighth crew member died. The aircraft was completely destroyed by fire. It was reported that the first explosion occurred in the center fuel tank, about 27 minutes prior to the expected takeoff time, followed by a second explosion in the right wing tank 18 minutes later.
Probable cause:
An explosion of the center wing tank resulting from ignition of the flammable fuel/air mixture in the tank. The source of the ignition energy for the explosion could not be determined with certainty, but the most likely source was an explosion originating at the center wing tank pump as a result of running the pump in the presence of metal shavings and a fuel/air mixture.

Crash of a Cessna 500 Citation I in Sault Sainte Marie

Date & Time: Feb 26, 2001 at 1030 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N234UM
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Detroit – Sault Sainte Marie
MSN:
500-0105
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2770
Captain / Total hours on type:
1410.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
3142
Copilot / Total hours on type:
300
Aircraft flight hours:
8329
Circumstances:
The captain said that he flew the VOR approach to runway 32. At 2,500 feet, the captain said that they were out of the clouds and initiated a visual straight-in approach. After aligning the airplane with the runway, the captain said he noticed that there was contamination on the runway, "maybe compacted snow or maybe ice with fresh snow over it." The captain briefed that they would perform a go-around if by midfield they were not decelerating adequately. The captain said that they touched down within the first third of the runway. Close to midfield the airplane fishtailed. Past midfield, the captain called a go-around. The first officer said that the captain added power and he retracted the airbrakes. The first officer exclaimed, "There is not enough runway! I braced myself as the aircraft went into the snow." The first officer said that at about 2 miles out from the runway, the unicom called and said that braking action was nil. A Notice to Airman, in effect at the time of the accident for the airport stated, "icy runway, nil braking."
Probable cause:
The pilot exceeding the available runway distance during landing and the pilot's delay in executing a go-around. Factors relating to the accident were, the pilots improper in-flight planning/decision, the pilot disregarding the NOTAMS for the airport, the pilot failing to properly consider the warning given by the Unicom operator regarding the icy runway and nil braking action, the icy runway, and the drop-off/descending embankment.
Final Report:

Crash of an Embraer EMB-820C Navajo in Varginha

Date & Time: Feb 22, 2001 at 1935 LT
Operator:
Registration:
PT-LFP
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Varginha – Belo Horizonte
MSN:
820-038
YOM:
1977
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
1959
Captain / Total hours on type:
213.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
658
Copilot / Total hours on type:
276
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Varginha-Major-Brigadeiro Trompowsky Airport on a mail flight to Belo Horizonte-Pampulha Airport with two pilots on board. After takeoff, while in initial climb, the right engine lost power. The aircraft lost height and crash landed in an open field. It slid for about 100 metres before coming to rest, bursting into flames. Both pilots escaped with minor injuries and the aircraft was destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
Loss of power on the right engine for undetermined reasons. The following findings were identified:
- Poor flight preparation on part of the crew,
- The crew did not know the exact weight of the mail/cargo,
- The crew did not have sufficient training/instruction regarding a possible loss of engine power at takeoff,
- Poor engine maintenance as the right engine had experienced power issues in the past that had not been resolved,
- Poor crew coordination,
- When the loss of power occurred on the right engine, the captain asked the copilot to raise the landing gear and preferred to resolve the emergency situation alone,
- Poor evaluation of the aircraft performances on part of the crew in regard of the weight and balance values and CofG.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-46-350P Malibu Mirage in Mac Gillivray: 1 killed

Date & Time: Feb 20, 2001 at 1900 LT
Registration:
N9176Z
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Mac Gillivray – Santa Ana
MSN:
46-22059
YOM:
1989
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
12000
Aircraft flight hours:
4194
Circumstances:
The accident occurred during a dark night departure from a private unlighted airstrip. The pilot had landed, assisted by the headlights of a car, on the landing strip/road about 1830. After dropping off a passenger, he departed about 1900. The departure direction was towards a sparsely populated area of rolling hills. Local area residents reported hearing a plane depart, followed by a loss of engine sound, and an impact in a grape vineyard. Examination of the wreckage revealed that the airplane impacted the ground in a nose down attitude. According to maintenance records, the last recorded annual inspection occurred 12 months and about 299.5 flight hours prior to the accident. Approximately 5 months before the accident, the FAA Certified Repair Station (CRS) that performed the maintenance on the airplane had given the pilot/owner a 15-item list of "grounding discrepancies." The discrepancies were: Cracked nose cowling; fraying seat belts; LH mag switch broken; LH window cracked; LH windshield crazed; stall warning inoperative; turbine inlet temperature inoperative; door latch safety inoperative; several hydraulic components leaking; main gear trunion pins worn; several cracks in wing lower skins; fuel leaks; loose rivets on RH flap; wing spar bolts loose; and elevator trim cable frayed. According to the CRS manager, the only item that had been repaired prior to the accident was the cracked nose cowling. However, an engine log entry indicated the TIT gage had also been replaced. Additionally, several witnesses reported that the pilot had been flying the airplane with an inoperative landing gear retract system for about 4 months. During post accident examination of the wreckage, investigators were able to verify that many of the listed discrepancies still existed; however, none of these discrepancies could be directly linked to the accident.
Probable cause:
The pilot/owner/operator's failure to maintain control of the airplane during the takeoff initial climb resulting in an in-flight collision with terrain. Contributing to the accident was the dark night light condition.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain in Val d'Or

Date & Time: Feb 20, 2001 at 1900 LT
Operator:
Registration:
C-GNIE
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Rouyn – Val d’Or – Saint-Hubert
MSN:
31-7552047
YOM:
1975
Flight number:
APO1023
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
900
Captain / Total hours on type:
30.00
Circumstances:
A Piper PA-31-350, registration C-GNIE, serial number 31-7552047, was on a scheduled (APO1023) instrument flight rules mail service flight between Rouyn Airport, Quebec, and Val-d'Or Airport, Quebec, at approximately 1845 . After checking for prevailing weather conditions at the destination airport, the pilot decided to make a visual approach on runway 36. The pilot reported by radio at two miles on final approach for runway 36 and then stated that he was going to begin his approach again after momentarily losing visual contact with the runway. This was the last radio contact with the aircraft. No emergency locator transmitter signal was received by the flight service station specialist. Emergency procedures were initiated, and searches were conducted. The aircraft was found by a search and rescue team about three hours after the crash. The aircraft was lying about two miles southeast of the end of runway 36; it was substantially damaged. The pilot suffered serious injuries.
Probable cause:
Findings as to Causes and Contributing Factors:
1. The environmental conditions and loss of visual ground references near Val-d'Or Airport were conducive to spatial disorientation. Because of a lack of instrument flight experience, the pilot probably became disoriented during the overshoot and was unable to regain control of the situation.
2. During the approach, the pilot did not plan to and did not pull up towards the centre of the airport, thereby contributing to spatial disorientation.
3. Although the pilot-in-command received training required by Transport Canada, Aéropro did not ensure that the pilot-in-command completed the required Pilot Proficiency Check (PPC) and was adequately supervised and experienced to conduct a night IFR flight safely as pilot-in-command.
Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-26 in Luena

Date & Time: Feb 19, 2001 at 1200 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
T-225
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll at Luena Airport, an unexpected situation forced the crew to abandon the takeoff procedure. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran and came to rest. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Rockwell Gulfstream 695A Jetprop 1000 in Puerto López: 8 killed

Date & Time: Feb 19, 2001
Operator:
Registration:
EJC-114
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
695-96083
YOM:
1985
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Circumstances:
On approach to Puerto López Airport, the twin engine aircraft was too low and crashed in hilly terrain located few km from the airfield. The aircraft was destroyed and all 8 occupants were killed.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-T1040 Cheyenne III in Kousséri: 3 killed

Date & Time: Feb 14, 2001 at 2300 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
TJ-AIQ
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Douala – N’Djamena
MSN:
31-8275025
YOM:
1982
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Douala on a charter flight to N'Djamena, carrying one pilot, one steward and two members of the Chadian Government. While approaching N'Djamena Airport, weather conditions deteriorated and the visibility was limited due to a sand storm. Probably to establish a visual contact with the ground, the pilot reduced his altitude when the aircraft struck a tree and crashed about 3 km from the runway 05 threshold, near Kousséri, Cameroon. The steward was seriously injured while all three other occupants were killed, among them the pilot, a Spanish citizen and both passengers who were Amderamane Dadi, General Secretary of the Presidency, and Ali Ahmed Lanine, Chadian Minister for Economic Promotion and Development.

Crash of a Cessna 421A Golden Eagle in Talladega: 5 killed

Date & Time: Feb 13, 2001 at 1840 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N5AY
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Hamilton – Talladega
MSN:
421A-0133
YOM:
1968
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Captain / Total flying hours:
2000
Captain / Total hours on type:
29.00
Aircraft flight hours:
4887
Circumstances:
The pilot and passengers were on a instrument flight returning home. When they were within range of the destination airport, the controller cleared the flight for an instrument approach. Moment later the pilot canceled his instrument flight plan and told the controller that he was below the weather. Low clouds, reduced visibility and fog existed at the destination airport at the time of the accident. The airplane collided with a river bank as the pilot maneuvered for the visual approach. The post-crash examination of the airplane failed to disclose a mechanical problem.
Probable cause:
The pilot continued visual flight into instrument weather conditions that resulted in the inflight collision with a river bank. Factors were reduced visibility and dark night.
Final Report: