Crash of a Boeing 707-131B in San Francisco

Date & Time: Nov 30, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N797TW
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Saint Louis - San Francisco
MSN:
18760
YOM:
1964
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
126
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
49910
Circumstances:
While descending to San Francisco Airport, the nose gear could not be lowered and remained stuck in its wheel well. Following a normal approach, the airplane landed on its main undercarriage then slid on its nose for few hundred yards before coming to rest. All 133 occupants were evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Boeing 727-92C on Yap Island

Date & Time: Nov 21, 1980 at 0952 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N18479
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Saipan – Agana – Yap – Palau
MSN:
19174
YOM:
1966
Flight number:
CO614
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
67
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
14000
Captain / Total hours on type:
700.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
7000
Copilot / Total hours on type:
5500
Aircraft flight hours:
30878
Aircraft flight cycles:
20788
Circumstances:
Air Micronesia Flight 614 departed Saipan at 07:30 for a flight to Palau with intermediate stops in Guam and Yap, Western Caroline Islands. The aircraft departed Guam at 08:30 and climbed to FL350. An en route descent to Yap was made from the north through broken to scattered clouds and the captain, who was flying the aircraft, turned onto a downwind leg at the northeast portion of the airport. The downwind leg was flown at an altitude of 600 feet above the runway 07 elevation while the crew checked to see if the runway was clear, to see if the fire truck was in place, and to see the direction of the windsock. The flaps were set at 30° on the base leg. Abeam the approach end of runway 07, the captain began a right 90° and a left turn manoeuvre to align the aircraft with the final approach to runway 07. During a portion of the downwind leg, the captain relinquished control of the aircraft to the first officer while the captain took pictures of the airport. He then resumed control and passed the camera to the second officer and asked him to take pictures of the runway. As the aircraft passed through 90deg from the runway heading, it had descended to about 300 feet above the runway elevation of 52 feet msl. When the aircraft was aligned with the runway heading, it was about 480 feet above runway elevation at a point 1.5 miles from the approach end of the runway. At 09:52 the aircraft touched down 13 feet short of runway 07. The right main landing gear immediately separated from the aircraft. The aircraft gradually veered off the runway and came to rest in the jungle about 1,700 feet beyond the initial touchdown. A severe ground fire erupted immediately along the right side of the aircraft as it came to rest. All occupants had evacuated within about 1 minute after the aircraft came to rest.
Probable cause:
The Captain's premature reduction of thrust in combination with flying a shallow approach slope angle to an improper touchdown aim point. These actions resulted in a high rate of descent and a touchdown on upward sloping terrain short of the runway threshold, which generated loads that exceeded the design strength and failed the right-hand landing gear. Contributing to the accident were the Captain's lack of recent experience in the B-727 aircraft and a transfer of his DC-10 aircraft landing habits and techniques to the operation of the B-727 aircraft.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 747-2B5B in Seoul: 14 killed

Date & Time: Nov 18, 1980 at 0725 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HL7445
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Los Angeles – Anchorage – Seoul
MSN:
21773
YOM:
1979
Flight number:
KE015
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
13
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
213
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
14
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Los Angeles via Anchorage, the crew started the approach to Seoul-Gimpo Airport in the early morning, just after sunset. On final to runway 14, with a limited visibility of 1,000 meters due to patches of fog, the crew failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when the airplane landed 90 meters short of runway threshold. Then the aircraft struck a concrete wall, causing all main gears to be torn off or to pushed back in their respective wheel well, except the nose gear which remained intact. The airplane slid on its belly for about 1,200 metres before coming to rest in flames on the left side of the runway. 14 occupants escaped uninjured while 198 others were injured. Unfortunately, eight passengers and six crew members, among them both pilots, were killed. The aircraft was destroyed by a fire that probably ignited in a cargo compartment.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who continued the approach below the glide without any visual contact with the ground until the airplane struck the ground short of runway.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A Trislander III in Annanberg: 4 killed

Date & Time: Nov 17, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
VH-BSG
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
279
YOM:
1971
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
15
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
After liftoff from Annanberg Airfield, the three engine airplane encountered difficulties to gain height, stalled and crashed in the Ramu River. Four passengers were drowned while 12 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The aircraft was overloaded for such takeoff configuration, terrain and airfield.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 in Chernihiv

Date & Time: Nov 11, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-41364
Flight Phase:
MSN:
1G63-01
YOM:
1966
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances near Chernihiv. Occupant fate unknown.
Probable cause:
The accident occurred after the crew got distracted in flight.

Crash of a Boeing 737-2M2C in Benguela

Date & Time: Nov 5, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
D2-TAA
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Luanda - Benguela
MSN:
21172
YOM:
1975
Flight number:
DT444
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
128
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Benguela Airport, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low. On short final, the airplane struck the ground 4 meters short of runway threshold. On impact, the undercarriage were torn off. The airplane slid for about 900 meters then turn slightly to the right, lost its left engine and right wing before coming to rest in flames. All 134 occupants were evacuated, among them 34 were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Lack of VASIs and threshold markings caused the pilot's inability to follow the correct approach slope.

Crash of a Douglas C-47B-1-DK in Yaxchibal: 7 killed

Date & Time: Nov 3, 1980
Registration:
TG-BAC
Survivors:
No
MSN:
14330/25775
YOM:
1944
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
Few minutes prior to its arrival at Flores Airport, the airplane crashed in unknown circumstances in a pasture located in Yaxchibal. All seven occupants were killed.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-6 Islander in Nassau: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 11, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N851JA
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Fort Lauderdale - Nassau
MSN:
71
YOM:
1969
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
On final approach, the twin engine airplane was too low when it struck trees and crashed in a wooded area short of runway threshold. Seven occupants were injured while a passenger was killed.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B-2 in Chita

Date & Time: Oct 8, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-85321
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Almaty - Barnaul - Chita - Khabarovsk
MSN:
79A321
YOM:
1979
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
174
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Chita-Kadala Airport, the aircraft was too high on the glide and the captain did not want to initiate a go-around. So, he pushed on the control column and the aircraft nosed down and struck the ground 240 meters past the runway 11 threshold. Upon impact, the nose gear was torn off. The aircraft continued for few hundred meters then veered off runway to the right and came to rest in flames in a grassy area, broken in two. All 184 occupants were rescued, among them four were injured. The aircraft
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the crew who failed to perform a go around manoeuvre while the position of the aircraft on the glide was against published procedures. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The crew made an incomplete approach briefing,
- The crew failed to follow the points mentioned on the approach charts prior to reach the approach circuit,
- The crew failed to follow the procedures related to flaps and undercarriage,
- The altitude of the aircraft over the inner marker was 1,030 meters instead of the prescribed 750 meters,
- The speed of the aircraft was 90 km/h over the prescribed approach speed,
- Wrong decisions on part of the crew,
- Poor crew coordination.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo in Nigeria: 4 killed

Date & Time: Oct 1, 1980
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
5N-AKO
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Lagos - Benin City
MSN:
31-7512067
YOM:
1975
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances somewhere in southwest Nigeria while completing a flight from Lagos to Benin City. All four occupants were killed.