Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 in Bhojpur: 15 killed

Date & Time: Dec 22, 1984
Operator:
Registration:
9N-ABH
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Kathmandu - Bhojpur
MSN:
376
YOM:
1973
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
20
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
15
Circumstances:
While descending to Bhojpur in marginal weather conditions, the Twin Otter struck the slope of a mountain located few km from the airport. All three crew members and 12 passengers were killed while eight others were injured.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew initiated the descent prematurely, causing the aircraft to descend below the MDA.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 in Verkhneimbatskoye

Date & Time: Dec 18, 1984
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-07861
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1G170-20
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
At liftoff, the single engine airplane nosed up, stalled and crashed. There were no casualties.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the aircraft was not properly loaded and that the CofG was well beyond the aft limit.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110P1 Bandeirante in Jacksonville: 13 killed

Date & Time: Dec 6, 1984 at 1814 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N96PB
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Jacksonville - Tampa
MSN:
110-365
YOM:
1981
Flight number:
PT1039
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
11
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
13
Captain / Total flying hours:
10000
Captain / Total hours on type:
400.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
3000
Copilot / Total hours on type:
500
Aircraft flight hours:
5662
Aircraft flight cycles:
7858
Circumstances:
At 18:12, flight 1039 was cleared for takeoff from runway 31. At 18:13, while over the departure end of the runway and climbing through 600 feet, the crew acknowledged a frequency change. Thirty seconds later, the airplane was seen in a steep a descent near the extended centerline of the runway. The Bandeirante struck the ground 7,800 feet beyond the departure end of runway 31 and 85 feet to the right of the extended runway centerline in an inverted nose down attitude, after which it caught fire and burned. Before ground impact, the horizontal stabilizer, including bulkhead No. 36, had separated from the fuselage. Both elevators and elevator tips, the tail cone assembly, and the aft portion of the ventral fin also had separated in flight. All 13 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
A malfunction of either the elevator control system or elevator trim system, which resulted in an airplane pitch control problem. The reaction of the flight crew to correct the pitch control problem overstressed the left elevator control rod, which resulted in asymmetrical elevator deflection and overstress failure of the horizontal stabilizer attachment structure. The Safety Board was not able to determine the precise problem with the pitch control system.
Final Report:

Crash of a Let L-410MA in Kostroma: 10 killed

Date & Time: Dec 4, 1984 at 0813 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-67225
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kostroma – Ivanovo – Ulyanovsk
MSN:
77 07 06
YOM:
1977
Flight number:
SU637F
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Aircraft flight hours:
3534
Aircraft flight cycles:
3007
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Kostroma Airport at 0809LT on a flight to Ivanovo, carrying eight passengers and two pilots. After takeoff, while climbing in marginal weather conditions, the crew was instructed to report once the altitude of 1,800 meters would be reached but the crew failed to respond. The aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in a wooded area located 11 km north of the airport. The aircraft was destroyed and all 10 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty as investigations were hampered because the aircraft was not equipped with CVR/FDR. Nevertheless, it is believed that the pilot-in-command lost control of the airplane after he suffered a spatial disorientation caused by the malfunction/dysfunction of the horizontal gyro.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 near Loja: 14 killed

Date & Time: Nov 20, 1984
Operator:
Registration:
FAE446
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Loja - Zumba
MSN:
446
YOM:
1975
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
12
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
14
Circumstances:
Few minutes after takeoff from Loja Airport, while climbing in poor weather conditions, the twin engine aircraft struck the slope of a mountain and crashed. All 14 occupants were killed. The aircraft had a dual registration: civil HC-BCG and military FAE446.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2T Islander in Tete

Date & Time: Nov 3, 1984
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C9-TAI
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Zumbo - Tete
MSN:
2122
YOM:
1982
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Tete Airport, the twin engine aircraft crashed in unknown circumstances few hundred meters short of runway threshold. All eight occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 in Zaval: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 24, 1984
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-32311
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1G97-23
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff, while in initial climb, the aircraft nosed up, stalled and crashed. A passenger was killed while 15 other occupants escaped, some of them with minor injuries. At the time of the accident, there was 16 people and 241 kilos of cargo on board.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew failed to prepare the flight properly. No weight and balance sheet was computed prior to takeoff and it was determined that the CofG was 5,8% aft the limit.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain near High Prairie: 6 killed

Date & Time: Oct 19, 1984
Operator:
Registration:
C-GXUC
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Edmonton - Peace River
MSN:
31-7405136
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
3Y402
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
En route from Edmonton to Peace River, while cruising by night, the crew encountered marginal weather conditions. Due to interferences, the crew was unable to receive the signal from the Whitecourt VOR and thought he already overflew the mountain range located southeast of High Prairie. Too low, the aircraft struck tree tops, stalled and crashed in a wooded area covered by snow and located on Mt Swan, southwest of Lesser Slave Lake. The wreckage was found the following day in an isolated area. A pilot and three passengers were injured while six other occupants were killed, among them the Canadian politician Walter Grant Notley aged 45.

Crash of a Cessna T207A Skywagon in Sedona

Date & Time: Oct 18, 1984 at 0915 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N6262H
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Phoenix - Sedona
MSN:
207-0456
YOM:
1978
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
1217
Captain / Total hours on type:
26.00
Aircraft flight hours:
2029
Circumstances:
On final approach about 1.5 miles from the airport the power loss occurred as the pilot attempted to add power. After flying over a ridge and several trees the aircraft touched down in the rough terrain and caught fire. The fire appeared to have started in the vicinity of the fuel strainer and progressed rearward. There were no indications of fire until the aircraft came to rest. The only discrepancy noted during inspection of the aircraft and engine was that 3 left bank fuel injectors were blocked with a substance later identified as primarily being dirt. Both occupants escaped unhurt.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power
Phase of operation: approach - vfr pattern - final approach
Findings
1. (c) reason for occurrence undetermined
----------
Occurrence #2: forced landing
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: landing - flare/touchdown
Findings
2. Terrain condition - ground
----------
Occurrence #4: fire
Phase of operation: other
Final Report:

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B-1 in Omsk: 178 killed

Date & Time: Oct 11, 1984 at 0539 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-85243
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Krasnodar – Omsk – Novosibirsk
MSN:
77A243
YOM:
1977
Flight number:
SU3352
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
170
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
178
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Krasnodar, the crew started the approach to Omsk Airport in a reduced visibility due to the night and rain falls. The aircraft landed at a speed of 270 km/h and about one second later, the captain noticed the presence of vehicles on the runway. He initiated a turn to the right when the left wing struck the vehicles. Upon impact, all three vehicles were destroyed and the four people on board were killed instantly. Out of control, the airplane turned to the left, veered off runway and came to rest upside down, broken in two, bursting into flames. Four crew members and one passenger survived while all 174 other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the person in charge of the runway maintenance allowed a team of three vehicles to enter the runway for maintenance and then fell asleep. Thus, he failed to inform ATC about the presence of ground vehicles on the runway and the Air Traffic Controller based in the Airport Tower was unable to see the vehicles due to poor visibility caused by night and rain falls. As ATC was not aware of the presence of ground vehicles, he was unable to inform the crew prior to landing. Also, it was reported that the vehicles dispatched on the runway were not equipped with rotating flashing beacons and radios that would allow their personnel to listen the tower frequency.