Crash of a Convair CV-240-1 near McComb: 6 killed

Date & Time: Oct 20, 1977 at 1852 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N55VM
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Greenville - Baton Rouge
MSN:
3
YOM:
1948
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
24
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
6802
Captain / Total hours on type:
68.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2362
Copilot / Total hours on type:
38
Aircraft flight hours:
29013
Circumstances:
The airplane was completing a charter flight from Greenville, South Carolina, to Baton Rouge, Louisiana, carrying members of the Lynyrd Skynyrd Band. At 04:30 CDT on October 18, N55VM had arrived at the Greenville Downtown Airport, South Carolina, from Lakeland, Florida. While on the ground at Greenville, the aircraft had been refueled with 400 gallons of 100-octane, low-lead fuel. On October 20 at 16:02 CDT, the flight had departed Greenville Downtown Airport for Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The pilot had filed an IFR flight plan with the Greenville Flight Service Station. The route of flight was to be Victor 20 Electric City, direct Atlanta, direct La Grange, direct Hattiesburg Victor 222 McComb, V194 and to Baton Rouge. The pilot requested an altitude of 12,000 ft and stated that his time en route would be 2 hours 45 minutes and that the aircraft had 5 hours of fuel on board. The pilot was also given a weather briefing. After reaching 12,000 ft, N55VM proceeded according to flight plan and at 18:39 was cleared to descend to and maintain 6,000 ft. This clearance was acknowledged. At 18:40 the flight told Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC), "We're out of one two thousand for six thousand." About 18:42 N55VM advised Houston Center, "Yes, sir, we need to get to a airport, the closest airport you've got, sir." Houston Center responded by asking the crew if they were in an emergency status. The reply was, "Yes, sir, we're low on fuel and we're just about out of it, we want vectors to McComb, post haste please, sir." Houston Center gave the flight vectors to McComb and advised it to turn to a heading of 025°. N55VM did not confirm that a turn was initiated until 18:44. At 18:44:34, the pilot of N55VM said, "We are not declaring an emergency, but we do need to get close to McComb as straight and good as we can get, sir." At 18:45:12 N55VM advised Houston, "Center, five victor Mike we're out of fuel." The center replied, "Roger, understand you're out of fuel?" N55VM replied, "I am sorry, it's just an indication of it." The crew did not explain what that indication was. At 18:45:47 Houston Center requested N55VM's altitude. The response was, "We're at four point five." This was the last recorded communication between N55VM and the ARTCC. Several attempts were made by Houston Center to contact the flight but there was no response. At 18:55:51 an aircraft reported picking up a weak transmission from an emergency locator transmitter (ELT). The aircraft had crashed in heavily wooded terrain, during twilight hours, at an elevation of 310 ft near the town of Gillsburg, Mississippi. Both pilots, band members Ronnie Van Zant, Steve Gaines, Cassie Gaines, and the band's manager Dean Kilpatrick were killed in the accident. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Fuel exhaustion and a total loss of power on both engines due to crew inattention of fuel supply. Contributing to the fuel exhaustion were inadequate flight planning and an engine malfunction of undetermined nature in the right engine which resulted in a higher than normal fuel consumption. The following findings were reported:
- Both engines ceased to produce power because the aircraft's usable fuel supply was exhausted,
- The crew failed to monitor adequately the fuel flow, en route fuel consumption, and fuel quantity gages,
- The crew failed to take appropriate preflight and maintenance action to assure an adequate fuel supply for the flight,
- The crew operated the aircraft for an indeterminate amount of time before the accident with the right engine's mixture control in the auto-rich position.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air in Valparaiso: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 19, 1977 at 2300 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N17530
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Dallas - Valparaiso
MSN:
BB-204
YOM:
1977
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
7715
Captain / Total hours on type:
911.00
Circumstances:
On final approach by night, the pilot encountered limited visibility due to local patches of fog. He decided to descend below the MDA when the twin engine airplane struck power cables and crashed about a mile short of runway threshold. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Collision with power cables due to improper IFR operation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Fog,
- High obstructions,
- Ground fog,
- Descended below MDA.
Final Report:

Crash of a Fairchild C-123K Provider at Westover AFB

Date & Time: Oct 11, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
54-0707
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
20156
YOM:
1954
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route, the crew contacted ATC and declared an emergency following an in-flight fire. The pilot-in-command diverted to Westover AFB and the airplane landed hard and came to rest in flames. All occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
In-flight fire of unknown origin.

Crash of a Piper PA-31P Pressurized Navajo in Vancouver: 3 killed

Date & Time: Oct 8, 1977 at 0825 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N117HC
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Vancouver - Penticton
MSN:
31P-54
YOM:
1971
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
7200
Captain / Total hours on type:
700.00
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Vancouver Airport, south Washington, the airplane encountered difficulties to gain height when it stall and crashed in flames. All three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Stall after engine failure during initial climb. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Powerplant - ignition system: spark plug,
- Failed to maintain flying speed,
- Improper maintenance,
- Powerplant - propeller and accessories: other,
- Directional control problem,
- Prop slow to feather,
- No aircharge,
- Pilot unable to maintain directional control.
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 25B in Amarillo

Date & Time: Oct 5, 1977 at 1943 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N100EP
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Amarillo - Houston
MSN:
25-138
YOM:
1974
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
3250
Captain / Total hours on type:
920.00
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll, just prior to liftoff, control was lost. The airplane veered off runway and crashed in flames. All three occupants escaped with minor injuries while the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Collision with ground during takeoff due to inadequate supervision of flight. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Simulated conditions,
- Pilot-in-command non CFI,
- Pulled engine at Vr,
- Copilot with no Learjet dual instruction made takeoff.
Final Report:

Crash of a Pilatus PC-6/C-H2 Turbo Porter in Oklahoma City: 5 killed

Date & Time: Oct 5, 1977 at 0913 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N331V
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Oklahoma City - Oklahoma City
MSN:
2002
YOM:
1967
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Captain / Total flying hours:
20450
Captain / Total hours on type:
330.00
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff, while in initial climb, the single engine airplane lost speed and height and crashed in flames. The aircraft was destroyed and all five occupants who were taking part to a demonstration flight were killed.
Probable cause:
Stall during initial climb due to improper operation of powerplant controls on part of the pilot. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Failed to maintain flying speed,
- Engine power lever found aft the prop reverse position with finger lift raised above beta detent.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-2 Beaver near Stevens Pass: 7 killed

Date & Time: Oct 1, 1977 at 1400 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N64391
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Kenmore – Lake Hatheume – Penticton
MSN:
1145
YOM:
1958
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Captain / Total flying hours:
4122
Captain / Total hours on type:
799.00
Circumstances:
While flying at low altitude over mountainous terrain, the pilot entered a canyon and was approaching a mountain pass when he elected to gain height. Unable to outclimb the rising terrain, the single engine airplane struck trees and crashed in a wooded area located near Stevens Pass, in the Cascade Mountain Range. The wreckage was found few hours later and all seven occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Collision with trees due to improper in-flight decisions on part of the pilot. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Unwarranted low flying,
- Misjudged distance, speed and altitude,
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Improperly loaded aircraft, weight and CofG.,
- High obstructions,
- Exceeded gross weight and aft CofG.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S in Plymouth

Date & Time: Oct 1, 1977 at 0456 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5601D
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Dayton - Chicago
MSN:
BA-297
YOM:
1957
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
13676
Captain / Total hours on type:
2355.00
Circumstances:
While cruising by night on a cargo flight from Dayton to Chicago, one or two propeller blades detached. The pilot informed ATC and due to severe vibrations, he was forced to reduce his altitude and to attempt and emergency landing. The twin engine airplane crashed during the forced landing and was destroyed. The pilot, sole on board, was seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Engine propeller tearaway during normal cruise due to nicked blades and fatigue fractures. Separation in flight. Excessive vibrations.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402B in Mercer: 2 killed

Date & Time: Sep 28, 1977 at 0758 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N69338
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Buffalo - Beaver Falls
MSN:
402B-0447
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
4789
Captain / Total hours on type:
454.00
Circumstances:
While in cruising altitude on a cargo flight from Buffalo to Beaver Falls, the twin engine airplane suffered an fire/explosion. It lost height and crashed in a corn field located near Mercer. The aircraft was totally destroyed upon impact and both crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Fire or explosion in flight due to inadequate inspection of aircraft by maintenance personnel. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Powerplant - exhaust system: manifold fatigue fracture,
- Fuel system: lines and fittings leakage,
- Excessive temperature,
- Fire in wing,
- High obstructions,
- Manifold couple P/N085072-39 3 inches crack permitted exhaust gas into wing onto leaking fuel valve.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft 100 King Air in Auburn: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 27, 1977 at 0740 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N925BD
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Birmingham - Auburn
MSN:
B-4
YOM:
1970
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
15000
Captain / Total hours on type:
1500.00
Circumstances:
On approach to Auburn-Opelika-Robert G. Pitts (University Regional) Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with low ceiling and fog. On final, the twin engine airplane struck trees, stalled and crashed in a wooded area located few hundred yards short of runway threshold. Two occupants were injured while a pilot was killed. It was reported that trees in area of first impact were about 73 feet below airport elevation and 650 feet below MDA.
Probable cause:
Collision with trees on final approach due to improper IFR operation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Low ceiling,
- Fog,
- Visibility half a mile or less,
- Sky obscured.
Final Report: