Crash of a Boeing 707-321B near Kem: 2 killed

Date & Time: Apr 20, 1978 at 2217 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HL7429
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Paris - Anchorage - Seoul
MSN:
19363
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
KE902
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
97
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
Flight KE902 departed Paris-Orly Airport at 1339LT on a flight to Seoul with an intermediate stop in Anchorage. After passing the North Magnetic Pole, while approaching Ellesmere Island, Canada, the airplane initiated a turn to the right by 150° instead continuing straight-in to North Canada and Alaska. This caused the airplane to fly to the southeast, over the Barents Sea and then into Soviet airspace, reaching the Soviet coast approximately three hours and 2,400 km after its right turn. The aircraft was intercepted by a Soviet Air Force Sukhoi SU-15TM and was forced to land. For reasons undetermined, the Korean crew did not respond to multiple requests and initiated a turn when the Soviet pilot was instructed to shoot down the Boeing 707. One of the air/air missile struck the left wing and four meters were torn off. The missile also punctured the fuselage, causing rapid decompression and jamming one of the plane's four turbines. From an altitude of 30,000 feet, the crew initiated a rapid descent and eventually completed an emergency landing on the frozen Korpijärvi Lake located in the region of Kem, Republic of Karelia. Two passengers were killed during the attack while all other occupants were evacuated, 13 were injured. Both pilots and the navigator were arrested but released on April 29.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the airplane deviated from the prescribed flight plan directly after it passed over the North Magnetic Pole, causing major disturbance of the aircraft's magnetic compass-based navigation systems. For the Soviet Authorities, the deviation was the consequence of a navigation error on part of the flying crew.

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 in Aldan

Date & Time: Apr 8, 1978 at 0652 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-87911
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Aldan - Yakutsk
MSN:
9 73 18 54
YOM:
1977
Flight number:
SU401
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
12
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
422
Aircraft flight cycles:
301
Circumstances:
After a normal takeoff roll, the rotation was initiated at a speed of 178 km/h. During initial climb, the right wing dropped to an angle of 30°. Correction was attempted by ailerons but the airplane continued to descend, struck a 1,5 meter high snow wall and crash landed in a snow covered field. It lost its undercarriage and came to rest. All 12 passengers escaped uninjured while five crew members were slightly injured. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident and the reason of the right wing drop could not be established and identified. The takeoff speed was correct.

Crash of an Antonov AN-2T in Muryuk

Date & Time: Apr 4, 1978
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-13716
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1 91 473 20
YOM:
1957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff, while in initial climb, the single engine aircraft lost speed, stalled and crashed. There were no casualties while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the loss of speed could not be determined.

Crash of an Antonov AN-8 in Stupino: 6 killed

Date & Time: Mar 30, 1978
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
20 red
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Stupino - Stupino
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a night training mission at Stupino-Krutyshki AFB. After takeoff, while climbing, the airplane went out of control and crashed in flames in a wooded area located 4 km from the airfield. All six crew members were killed.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-14 in Petrozavodsk: 7 killed

Date & Time: Mar 4, 1978
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Petrozavodsk – Vaskovo
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Petrozavodsk Airport on a flight to Vaskovo Airport in Arkhangelsk, while climbing, the airplane entered clouds when the pilot-in-command lost control of the airplane that entered a dive and crashed in the iced Urozero Lake. The airplane partially sank and all seven occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the artificial horizon failed after takeoff. While climbing into clouds, the pilot-in-command suffered a spatial disorientation and lost control of the airplane.

Ground fire in a Tupolev TU-154A in Novosibirsk

Date & Time: Feb 18, 1978
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-85087
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
74A-087
YOM:
1974
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While parked at Tolmachevo Airport with negative temperatures, ground employees in charge to clean the cabin installed a heater on a vehicle to heat the cabin. The aircraft engineer who performed the work left the operating heater unattended and left. At the same time, an oily rag was forgotten in front of the inlet of the air heater, which was subsequently drawn into the air heater, caught fire and was thrown through the sleeve into the aircraft cabin. The fire was not detected rapidly so it spread in the cabin and destroyed a large part of the aircraft. There were no injuries.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 in Krasnoye: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 1, 1978 at 1242 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-40570
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Yaroslavl – Vologda – Totma – Veliki Ustiug – Kotlas – Ukhta – Pechora
MSN:
1G84-23
YOM:
1967
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Aircraft flight hours:
10050
Aircraft flight cycles:
23747
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed Yaroslavl Airport at 1032LT on a cargo flight to Pechora with several enroute stops. After passing over Vologda (without landing), while at an altitude of 125 meters, the airplane collided with another PZL-Mielec AN-2TP registered CCCP-40563 that just took off from Vologda on a flight to Babushkina with six passengers and a crew of two on board. Following the collision, the first AN-2 went out of control and crashed in a field while the crew of the second aircraft was able to perform an emergency landing. All eight occupants escaped uninjured while both pilots in the first airplane were killed.
Probable cause:
Failure of the crew to adhere to navigation and communication procedures with ATC. It was also determined that the total weight of the aircraft was 150 kilos above MTOW from Yaroslavl Airport, which was considered as a contributing factor as this reduced the aircraft's speed that arrived too late over Vologda referring to the estimated time of arrival.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Ekimchan

Date & Time: Dec 23, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-02708
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1G124-14
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances near Ekimchan. There were no casualties. It is reported that the total weight of the aircraft was above the MTOW at the time of the accident.

Crash of an Antonov AN-12PPS in Pechory: 8 killed

Date & Time: Dec 21, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Šiauliai - Šiauliai
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Circumstances:
The AN-12PPS left Šiauliai in the evening on a training exercise over the Pskov oblast. In the meantime left a Sukhoi SU-15 from the Khotilovo Airbase (Tver region) to simulate the aerial attack of another Antonov AN-12PPS flying in the same region as the first one. The exercise started in good weather conditions but in low visibility due to the night. Radio transmissions between different crews were difficult due to interferences. When the jet fighter pilot completed the mission, he attempted a last turn when he collided with the first AN-12. Both aircraft dove into the ground and crashed in a field, killing all nine occupants on both aircraft.
Probable cause:
The fighter pilot has not been informed of the presence of the first AN-12PPS in the region of the exercise, most probably due to negligence in the preparation of the mission or due to poor coordination between all crew engaged in the mission. It is also possible that the presence of interferences on radio frequencies has hampered the progress of the exercise.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2P near Ukhta

Date & Time: Dec 20, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-07471
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1G151-46
YOM:
1973
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The engine failed in flight, forcing the crew to attempt an emergency landing. The aircraft crash landed near Ukhta and was damaged beyond repair. There were no casualties.
Probable cause:
Engine failure.