Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R on Mt Masin

Date & Time: Oct 12, 1998
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-33668
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Sibay - Ufa
MSN:
1G234-17
YOM:
1989
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Sibay Airport with 13 passengers and a crew of three including one inspector. Despite marginal weather conditions, the crew initiated the flight under VFR mode. After takeoff, the crew failed to follow the departure route and deviated from the published one. About half an hour into the flight, weather conditions deteriorated with low clouds. After the aircraft entered clouds, the captain decided to return to Sibay but this decision was taken too late. At this time, the aircraft was off course by 45 km to the northeast of the initial route. While making a turn to the left, still in the clouds, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when, at an altitude of 980 metres, the aircraft collided with trees and crashed on the slope of Mt Masim (1,040 metres high). All 16 occupants were rescued, among them three passengers were injured.
Probable cause:
The following findings were identified:
- Poor flight planning and preparation,
- The crew decided to continue the flight under VFR mode in IMC conditions,
- The crew deviated from the initial course and then continued over mountainous terrain below the minimum prescribed altitude,
- The flight inspector failed to verify that the crew prepared the flight according to published procedures,
- Lack of ATC assistance,
- Lack of visibility due to low clouds.

Crash of an Antonov AN-32A in Ufa: 8 killed

Date & Time: Oct 25, 1995 at 2026 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-48981
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tyumen - Ufa
MSN:
1601
YOM:
1988
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Aircraft flight hours:
4580
Aircraft flight cycles:
2215
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a cargo flight from Tyumen to Ufa, carrying seven passengers, six crew members, a car and a container. On approach to Ufa Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions (night, sleet and low clouds) and limited visibility. On short final, the aircraft struck trees 1,098 metres short of runway, lost height and crashed in a wooded area, some 179 metres to the right of the extended centerline, bursting into flames. Eight occupants were killed and five others were injured.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew continued the approach in a visibility of 1,200 metres that was below minimums at the time of the accident, until the aircraft collided with obstacles and impacted terrain.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134A in Pervouralsk: 27 killed

Date & Time: Jan 13, 1990 at 1256 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-65951
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sverdlovsk – Tyumen – Ufa – Volgograd
MSN:
2 35 17 03
YOM:
1972
Flight number:
SU6246
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
65
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
27
Aircraft flight hours:
30755
Aircraft flight cycles:
18102
Circumstances:
En route from Tyumen to Ufa, while cruising at an altitude of 10,600 meters, the fire warning light came on, indicating smoke in the rear cargo compartment. The presence of smoke on board was confirmed but the crew was unable to identify the source of fire. The crew was cleared to initiate an emergency descent and to divert to Pervouralsk Airport. On final approach, the situation deteriorated on board and as the captain realized he could not reach the airport, he attempted an emergency landing in a snow covered area. Upon landing, the aircraft bounced twice, struck an irrigation equipment, went out of control and crashed 3 km from the Pervouralsk Airport. Four crew members and 23 passengers were killed while all other occupants were rescued.
Probable cause:
A short-circuit occured in an electrical installation located in the rear compartment of the aircraft, due to the overheating of a cable with faulty isolation.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Ufa

Date & Time: Oct 14, 1989
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-02699
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1G124-05
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After landing, the single engine aircraft struck an obstacle and was damaged beyond repair. There were no casualties.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B-2 near Ushquduq: 200 killed

Date & Time: Jul 10, 1985 at 2346 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-85311
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Karshi – Ufa – Leningrad
MSN:
78A311
YOM:
1978
Flight number:
SU5143
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
191
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
200
Aircraft flight hours:
12443
Aircraft flight cycles:
5660
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Karsi Airport, the aircraft climbed at an insufficient speed of 470 km/h with a max speed of 515 km/h. The cruising altitude of 11,600 meters was reached after 40 minutes and 20 seconds. The speed dropped to 400 km/h then the aircraft reached a critical angle of attack (+20°) when vibrations started. The crew misinterpreted these vibrations and failed to judge properly the situation in reducing the engine power to idle. The speed dropped to 290 km/h when the aircraft stalled and entered a spin. The aircraft eventually went into a flat attitude and crashed in an isolated and desert area located in the region of Ushquduq. The aircraft was totally destroyed upon impact and all 200 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the climb configuration was incorrect and the crew led the aircraft adopting a critical angle of attack once the cruising altitude was reached. This situation affected the air flow into the three engines and the aircraft went into inappropriate flight conditions. The crew misinterpreted the situation and failed to identify the wrong flight configuration until the aircraft entered stall condition.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Ufa: 3 killed

Date & Time: May 28, 1979 at 1626 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-35595
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Ufa - Ufa
MSN:
1G115-46
YOM:
1970
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Aircraft flight hours:
6282
Aircraft flight cycles:
17563
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a local test flight before completing a crop spraying mission. Following a running distance of 250-280 meters on takeoff, the pilot-in-command started the rotation. Unable to maintain a positive rate of climb, the airplane struck tree tops, stalled and crashed upside down 78 meters further in a field, about 1,037 meters after the start of the take off run. The aircraft was destroyed and all three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the total weight of the aircraft at takeoff was 779 kilos above the MTOW. Following a too short takeoff roll, the pilot-in-command rotated prematurely. Due to an insufficient speed, the airplane was unable to maintain a positive rate of climb and a correct climb path.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134A in Ufa

Date & Time: May 19, 1979
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-65839
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Novosibirsk - Ufa - Chisinau
MSN:
18117
YOM:
1974
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
83
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
9994
Aircraft flight cycles:
6113
Circumstances:
The final approach was completed by night with the wheel brakes locked. Upon touchdown, all tyres exploded. The left main gear broke off, causing the left wing to struck the ground. A fuel tank was punctured and the aircraft caught fire. Out of control, it veered off runway to the right and came to rest in flames. All 89 occupants survived, 10 of them, including two crew members, were injured. The aircraft was destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
Poor approach planning on part of the flying crew who failed to follow the approach checklist and completed the landing procedure with the wheel brakes locked.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R near Ufa

Date & Time: May 1, 1978
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-01367
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
MSN:
1G45-16
YOM:
1964
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While flying in below-minima weather conditions, the aircraft struck a hill and crashed near Ufa. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24RV in Saratov

Date & Time: Mar 10, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-46613
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Ufa – Saratov
MSN:
3 73 086 10
YOM:
1973
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
52
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On a night approach to Saratov-Tsentralny Airport, the pilot allowed the aircraft to drop below the glide path. The twin engine aircraft hit the runway surface with a positive acceleration of 2.35 g, bounced and nosed down prior to hit the runway a second time with a positive acceleration of 3 g. The aircraft went out of control, veered off runway to the left and came to rest in flames in a grassy area. While the aircraft was destroyed, all 57 occupants were evacuated safely.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part the of the crew who failed to follow the approved and published procedures.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24B in Rostov-on-Don: 4 killed

Date & Time: Jan 25, 1974 at 2142 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-46277
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Rostov-on-Don - Ufa
MSN:
77303610
YOM:
1967
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Aircraft flight hours:
11277
Aircraft flight cycles:
10750
Circumstances:
Following a heavy maintenance program at the Rostov-on-Don Manufacture Plant, the aircraft was on its way back to Ufa, carrying a crew of four. The departure from Rostov Airport was initiated at night and poor visibility due to thick fog. After a normal takeoff roll, the pilot-in-command started the rotation at a speed of 200 km/h and continued to climb in zero visibility. At an altitude of about 220 meters, a first turn to the left was initiated when the airplane rolled left to an angle of 25-30°. At a speed of 325 km/h, flaps were selected up when inconsistent actions occurred between the PIC and the copilot. The copilot elected to reduce the roll to acceptable values, as a result, the rudder trim was positioned to the right hand limit but the airplane seems to become unstable. At this time, the crew reduced the engine operation to nominal values when the noticed a discrepancy between the readings of the left and right artificial horizons. The crew tried to determine which artificial horizon gives the wrong readings when the airplane entered a left turn and crashed at a speed of 430 km/h in an open field located 1,750 meters past the runway end, 17 seconds after liftoff. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the loss of control that occurred during initial climb was the result of an anomaly in the Captain's artificial horizon, either because of a misreading on his part or because of a problem with the power supply system. Investigators stated that the accident occurred through visibility below minimums and that the crew's decision to fly by night under such conditions was unjustified. Also, it was noted that the crew failed to prepare the flight according to published procedures and that he precipitated the departure, which remains a contributing factor insofar as certain procedures were neglected.