Crash of an Antonov AN-12BK in Irkutsk: 9 killed

Date & Time: Nov 3, 2021 at 1945 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
EW-518TI
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Yakutsk - Irkutsk
MSN:
8 34 61 07
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Captain / Total flying hours:
14625
Captain / Total hours on type:
11182.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5168
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft was completing a cargo flight, carrying two passengers, seven crew members and a load consisting of foods. While on a night approach to Irkutsk-Intl Airport Runway 30, the crew encountered poor visibility due to snow falls. On final, at a height of about 240 metres, the captain decided to initiate a go-around procedure when the aircraft impacted trees, stalled and crashed in a wooded area, bursting into flames. The wreckage was found about 3,1 km short of runway 30. The aircraft was totally destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all nine occupants were killed.

Crash of a Let L-410UVP-E20 in Kazashinskoye: 4 killed

Date & Time: Sep 12, 2021 at 2251 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-67042
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Irkutsk – Kazashinskoye
MSN:
14 29 16
YOM:
2014
Flight number:
SL51
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
5623
Captain / Total hours on type:
4625.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1385
Copilot / Total hours on type:
693
Aircraft flight hours:
5481
Aircraft flight cycles:
3632
Circumstances:
The twin engine airplane was supposed to depart Irkust at 1435LT but the flight had been delayed for several hours. On approach to Kazashinskoye Airport, the crew encountered poor visibility due to the night and fog. On final approach to runway 04, at an altitude of 130 metres, the crew initiated a go-around procedure as he was unable to establish a visual contact with the ground. Few minutes later, during a second attempt to land, the crew descended to the height of 10 metres when he initiated a second go-around procedure, again for the same reason. The airplane climbed to an altitude of 400 metres then the crew made a 180 turn in an attempt to land on runway 22. In below minima weather conditions, the airplane deviated 1,100 metres to the right of the runway 22 extended path, descended into trees and crashed in a wooded area located about 3 km from the airport. Three passengers and a pilot were killed while 12 others occupants were injured. The aircraft was totally destroyed by impact forces.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the crew's non-compliance with the rules for visual flights at night, which was expressed in making an approach to land with visibility below the established minimum values, leading to a collision with natural obstacles and resulting in a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
The following contributing factors were identified:
- The discrepancy between the coordinates of the runway thresholds at Kazachinskoe in the GPS receivers of the aircraft commander and the co-pilot and their actual values, which led to an incorrect calculation for landing ;
- The failure of the aircraft commander to make a timely decision to divert to an alternate airport despite having information about the meteorological conditions not meeting the established minimum values. The individual psychological characteristics of the aircraft commander allowed him to make leadership decisions, but in the case of their erroneousness, he did not possess the ability to correct them and was inclined to unjustifiably risky, dangerous decisions ;
- The crew's use of the autopilot in the final stage of flight, which did not comply with the Flight Operations Manual. The autopilot modes selected significantly reduced the crew's situational awareness. In fact, the descent was carried out significantly to the right of the extended runway centerline over an area that lacked light landmarks ;
- The lack of proper interaction within the crew and insufficient monitoring of flight parameters.
Final Report:

Crash of an Ilyushin II-76TD near Uyan: 10 killed

Date & Time: Jul 1, 2016 at 1113 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-76840
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Irkutsk - Irkutsk
MSN:
1033417553
YOM:
1994
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Captain / Total flying hours:
11209
Captain / Total hours on type:
8711.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5584
Copilot / Total hours on type:
5124
Aircraft flight hours:
13000
Aircraft flight cycles:
4500
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Irkutsk Airport at 1019LT on a fire fighting mission in the region of Bayanday. As the crew was approaching the area to be treated, the aircraft impacted trees and crashed in a wooded area, bursting into flames. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire. The wreckage was found two days later and all 10 crew members were killed.
Crew:
L.S. Owl, pilot,
A. A. Lebedev, copilot,
G. L. Petrov, navigator,
V. N. Kuznetsov, flight engineer,
I. E. Murahin, radio operator,
S. A. Makarov, flight operator,
S. A. Souslov, flight operator,
M. M. Khadayev, flight operator,
V. G. Jdanov, operator,
A. M. Mashnin, operator.

Crash of an Airbus A310-324 in Irkutsk: 125 killed

Date & Time: Jul 9, 2006 at 0744 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
F-OGYP
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Moscow - Irkutsk
MSN:
442
YOM:
1987
Flight number:
SBI778
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
195
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
125
Captain / Total flying hours:
10611
Captain / Total hours on type:
1056.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
9771
Copilot / Total hours on type:
158
Aircraft flight hours:
59865
Aircraft flight cycles:
12550
Circumstances:
On July 8, 2006 an А310 airplane with state registration number F-OGYP (France), leased by ОАО Aviakompania Sibir, and with a flight crew consisting of the Captain and the co-pilot, was flying scheduled passenger flight С7 778 from Domodedovo to Irkutsk. Apart from the two cockpit personnel, there were 6 flight attendants and 195 passengers on board (of these, 2 worked for the company), which included 181 nationals of Russia, 3 of Germany, 3 of the PRC, 2 of Poland, 3 of Belarus, 2 of Moldova and 1 of Azerbaijan. The airplane's payload according to the flight manifest was 19,800 kg (which included about 80 kg of hazardous freight - perfume), its take-off weight 140414 kg (maximum permissible – 150,000 kg), and center-of-gravity position 25.5% (the range of permissible center-of-gravity positions for take-off is 18% - 32%). Upon completion of the pre-flight preparation, the crew took off from Domodedovo airport at 17:17 (17:15 – as per schedule) and after climbing set a course for its destination airport of Irkutsk (alternate airport Bratsk). The flight proceeded without incident and at 22:17 the crew initiated descent for an approach and landing at Irkutsk airport. At 22:43:40 the airplane landed without misalignment on runway 30 at Irkutsk airport. Before the flight, in accordance with Sibir’s MEL, the maintenance personnel deactivated the thrust reverser on the airplane's left engine after hearing the crew's observation about this thrust reverser's malfunction during a previous flight. After touchdown all spoiler sections prepared ("armed") by the crew for utilization were deployed and the autobrake in Low mode, previously selected by the crew, was activated. The pilot moved the right engine (no. 2) thrust reverser forward. However, simultaneously with the subsequent reduction of the reverse mode of engine no. 2, engine no. 1 started to speed up (forward thrust), which led to an increase in airplane speed and the onset of torque that pulled the airplane to the right. The crew failed to perceive the cause of what was happening. In spite of intense wheel-braking efforts, the airplane used up the entire length of the runway and overshot its end at a speed of about 180 kph. The airplane then continued to travel on wet soil. At a distance of about 300 m from the departure threshold of the runway, the airplane collided with a concrete barrier of the aerodrome and then with some garages located directly behind the barrier, after which the airplane, now seriously damaged, stopped. As a result of the destruction of the fuel tanks the fuel ignited and fire penetrated the airplane's interior. As a result of the accident, 125 individuals died, including the two pilots and three of the flight attendants. The airplane was practically completely destroyed by the fire.
Probable cause:
The cause of Sibir A310 F-OGYP accident was the erroneous and uncontrolled actions by the crew during rollout after landing in a configuration with one engine reverser deactivated. After touchdown, the Captain, while acting on the reverse thrust lever of the right engine, inadvertently and uncontrollably moved the throttle lever for the left engine, whose thrust reverser was deactivated, from the "idle" to the significant forward thrust position. Inadequate monitoring and call-outs of airplane speed and engine parameters by the Co-pilot made it impossible for the crew to perform the necessary actions, either by moving the left throttle back to idle or shutting down the engines. The crew had enough time to recognize the situation. The airplane went off the runway at the high speed of ~180 km/h, hit the concrete fence and buildings, crashed and caught fire. 125 people died as a result of the accident.
Final Report:

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154M in Burdakovka: 145 killed

Date & Time: Jul 4, 2001 at 0208 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-85845
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Yekaterinburg – Irkutsk – Vladivostok
MSN:
86A735
YOM:
1986
Flight number:
XF352
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
136
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
145
Aircraft flight hours:
20953
Aircraft flight cycles:
11387
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Yekaterinburg Airport on a regular schedule flight (XF352) to Vladivostok with an intermediate stop at Irkutsk. The flight departed Yekaterinburg at 1947LT and climbed to the assigned cruising altitude of 10,100 metres. Some three hours into the flight, at 0150LT, the crew started the descent to Irkutsk Intl Airport. The copilot was the pilot-in-command. At 0205LT, the crew reported at 2,100 metres with the runway in sight. At this time, the aircraft' speed was 540 km/h. The maximum speed at which the landing gear may be lowered was 400 km/h. At 0206:56 the airplane leveled off at 900 metres with an airspeed still at 420 km/h. The first officer asked for gear down and the speed further decreased to 395 km/h with engines at idle. When the gear was down and locked, the airplane entered a left bank angle of 20-23°. The airspeed continued to drop to 365 km/h while the recommended speed was 370 km/h at this stage of the flight. Power was added slowly. This was only just sufficient for maintaining an altitude of 850 metres at 355-360 km/h. At 0207:46, while still in the left hand turn, the angle of attack increased to 16,5° because the autopilot attempted to maintain altitude with a decreasing speed. An aural warning sounded, informing the crew about a high angle of attack. The first officer attempted to correct this by using the control column and disconnected the autopilot. Because he deflected the control column to the left, the left bank increased to the maximum permissible value of -30° to -44°, and then to -48°. In a nose down attitude, the speed increased to 400 km/h then the aircraft entered clouds. By night, the crew lost visual contact with the ground and was not able to observe the natural horizon. In such conditions, the captain took over controls but alternately deflected the steering wheel to the left and right. An intensive deflection of steering control to the right caused a positive angular acceleration of +4,4° per second. The captain reacted by deflecting the steering wheel to the left again. The first officer now realized that the airplane was in a severe left bank of -45° and indicated that they should be rolling to the right. Because of an increase in vertical descent rate of 20 metres per seconds, one of the crew members pulled the control column. The airplane pitched up rapidly then entered a stall and a subsequent flat spin before crashing in an open field 22 seconds later. The aircraft was totally destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all 145 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of a wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew. The following contributing factors were identified:
- Poor control actions on part of the crew, which caused the aircraft to enter a super critical angle of attack followed by a stall and a spin,
- Violation of interactions by the crew regarding the separation of responsibilities for piloting established by the pilot-in-command,
- Lack of proper control to maintain flight parameters during the approach, in reference to the TU-154 flight operations manual,
- Poor crew interactions.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-76TD in Irkutsk

Date & Time: Jul 26, 1999 at 1346 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-76819
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tianjin – Irkutsk – Perm – Moscow
MSN:
10134 09274
YOM:
1991
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
2882
Aircraft flight cycles:
1177
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Tianjin on a cargo flight to Moscow with intermediate stops in Irkutsk and Perm, carrying a load of 49,750 kilos of various goods and seven crew members. At Irkutsk-Intl Airport, 38 tons of fuel were uplifted and the crew calculated 30,040 kilos for the cargo, giving a total weight of 170 tons, about 4 tons below the MTOW. During the takeoff roll, after a course of 2,000 metres, at a speed of 225 km/h, the captain started the rotation. The aircraft lifted up and flew for about 4 seconds when the captain requested gear up. At a speed of 250 km/h, the aircraft passed the runway end and adopted a 16° angle of attack. Then the aircraft' speed decreased when the flight engineer reduced the power on all four engines and activated the thrust reverser systems on both left engines n°1 and 2. The aircraft rolled to the left, collided with a building containing an electrical transformer and came to rest 1,476 metres past the runway end, bursting into flames. All seven occupants were injured, two seriously. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the total weight of the aircraft at the time of the accident was 198-200 tons which means 24-26 tons above MTOW. The cargo manifest showed a total weight of 49,750 kilos of various goods upon departure from Tianjin Airport but only 30,040 kilos upon departure from Irkutsk Airport while no cargo was unloaded. The following contributing factors were identified:
- A miscalculation of the mass and balance,
- Poor flight planning,
- Poor crew coordination.

Crash of an Antonov AN-74-200 in Mirny

Date & Time: Dec 10, 1996 at 2357 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
RA-74037
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Mirny - Irkutsk
MSN:
470 98 950
YOM:
1995
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
369
Aircraft flight cycles:
176
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff from Mirny Airport, while in initial climb, the reverse thrust system deployed on the right engine. The aircraft banked right, causing the right wing tip to struck the runway surface. Out of control, the aircraft crash landed, veered off runway and came to rest against a building. All 12 occupants escaped with minor injuries while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the reverse thrust system on the right engine accidentally deployed after takeoff due to a mechanical failure of unknown origin. Nevertheless, investigations confirmed that a warning light came on in the cockpit prior to departure but the crew failed to identify this warning because he did not follow the pre-departure checklist.

Crash of an Antonov AN-12B near Irkutsk

Date & Time: Jul 14, 1992
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
CCCP-11111
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Magadan - Irkutsk
MSN:
01 347 906
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
32700
Aircraft flight cycles:
12972
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft departed Magadan Airport on a cargo flight to Irkutsk, carrying one loadmaster, six crew members and a load of 11 tons of fish. For financial reasons, the crew refused to make a refueling stop at Lensk Airport and decided to continue to Bratsk. Unfortunately, weather conditions worsened at Bratsk and a landing was impossible. In such conditions, the captain decided to continue to Irkutsk and later shut down both engines n°1 and 4 to save fuel. While descending to Irkutsk, both engines n°2 and 3 failed due to fuel exhaustion. The crew reduced his altitude and attempted an emergency landing in an open field located 48 km from Irkutsk Airport. The aircraft belly landed, slid for few dozen metres and eventually came to rest, broken in two. All seven occupants escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
Engine failure due to fuel exhaustion.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B-2 in Krasnoyarsk: 110 killed

Date & Time: Dec 23, 1984 at 1815 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-85338
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Krasnoarsk - Irkutsk
MSN:
79A338
YOM:
1979
Flight number:
SU3519
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
104
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
110
Aircraft flight hours:
8955
Aircraft flight cycles:
3581
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Krasnoyarsk-Cheremshanka Airport, while climbing to an altitude of 2,040 meters at a speed of 480 km/h, the right engine (engine n°3) suffered an uncontained failure and caught fire. The crew declared an emergency and was cleared to return for an emergency landing. On final approach, the aircraft banked right then nosed down and crashed at a speed of 425 km/h 3,200 meters short of runway threshold and disintegrated on impact, some 11 seconds prior to landing. A passenger was seriously injured while 110 other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the failure of the right engine was the consequence of a fatigue failure of the first stage low pressure compressor disk due to metallurgical and manufacture defect. A fire erupted in the right engine and quickly spread to the right wing and the engine n°2 because the crew forgot to close the fuel valve.

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 in Zheleznogorsk: 33 killed

Date & Time: Sep 18, 1981 at 1213 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-87455
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Irkutsk - Zheleznogorsk
MSN:
9 43 12 36
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
SU652
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
29
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
33
Aircraft flight hours:
10455
Aircraft flight cycles:
9784
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Irkutsk-Magan Airport, the crew started the descent to Zheleznogorsk-Ilimskiy Airport in relative good weather conditions with a horizontal visibility of 20 km. On final, at an altitude of 400 meters, the three engine airplane collided with a Soviet Air Force Mil Mi-8 helicopter registered CCCP-22268. Inbound from Bratsk, the helicopter was completing a training mission with seven people on board. Following the collision, both aircraft dove into the ground and crashed in a wooded and hilly terrain located about 11 km from the airport, bursting into flames. All 40 occupants in both aircraft were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the collision was the consequence of a poor ATC surveillance, causing both aircraft to initiate an approach without ensuring that they each maintained a minimum separation in accordance with published procedures. This situation allowed the helicopter to cut off the approach path of the aircraft. The lack of radio communications between the three parties concerned remained a contributing factor.