Crash of a Cessna 404 Titan II in Malakal: 14 killed

Date & Time: May 6, 1987
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ST-AIJ
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Malakal - Khartoum
MSN:
404-0612
YOM:
1979
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
12
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
14
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Malakal Airport, while climbing, the twin engine aircraft was shot down by a surface-to-air missile and crashed few km from the airport. The aircraft was destroyed and all 14 occupants were killed, most of them European toutists.
Probable cause:
Shot down by a surface-to-air missile fired by SPLA forces.

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air in Johannesburg: 3 killed

Date & Time: Apr 13, 1987
Operator:
Registration:
ZS-KMT
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Johannesburg - Johannesburg
MSN:
BB-767
YOM:
1981
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The crew (two instructeurs and three student pilots) departed Johannesburg-Rand Airport for a local training flight. After takeoff, while in initial climb, an instructor simulated an engine failure. The aircraft stalled and crashed on dorms located near the airport and dedicated to the Germiston Mining employees. Three crew members were killed while two others were injured. There were no casualties on the ground.

Crash of an Antonov AN-22 in Addis Ababa

Date & Time: Mar 13, 1987
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-09334
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
00340209
YOM:
1970
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
For unknown reasons, the aircraft landed at an excessive speed of 265 km/h and with a positive acceleration of 2,5 g at Addis Ababa-Bole Airport. Upon touchdown, the undercarriage were severely damaged. All nine crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair and later transferred to the Monino Museum in Moscow.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain in Nairobi

Date & Time: Mar 8, 1987
Operator:
Registration:
5Y-AST
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Nairobi – Mombasa
MSN:
31-7452006
YOM:
1974
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff, while climbing to a height of about 5-10 meters, the left engine failed. The aircraft banked left, causing the left wing to struck the runway surface. Out of control, the aircraft crashed next to the runway and came to rest. All nine occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
Failure of the left engine during initial climb for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Casa 212 Aviocar 200 in Casa Banana: 3 killed

Date & Time: Feb 11, 1987
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
808
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Chimoio - Casa Banana
MSN:
365
YOM:
1986
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The aircraft was approaching Casa Banana, in the Gorongosa National Park, when it struck treetops and crashed in a dense wooded area. All three crew members were killed.

Crash of a Learjet 55 Longhorn near Jakiri: 9 killed

Date & Time: Feb 5, 1987
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
F-GDHR
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Brazzaville – Tamanrasset – Paris
MSN:
55-070
YOM:
1982
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Brazzaville Airport on a charter flight to Paris-Le Bourget with an intermediate stop in Tamanrasset, Algeria, carrying seven passengers and two pilots. While cruising at FL390 in good weather conditions, the airplane went out of control, entered a dive and crashed in a mountainous area located in the region of Jakiri. The crew did not send any distress message. The wreckage was found few hours later in an isolated area. All nine occupants were killed, among them the French politician and businessman Michel Baroin, CEO of FNAC Group. He was returning to Paris following an official meeting with the Congolese President Denis Sassou-Nguesso.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the loss of control could not be determined.

Crash of a Cessna U-27A Caravan I off Monrovia: 16 killed

Date & Time: Jan 30, 1987
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
ARU-021
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Monrovia - Cape Palmas
MSN:
208-0055
YOM:
1985
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
16
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
16
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Monrovia-Roberts, while in initial climb, the single engine aircraft stalled and crashed in the sea few hundred meters offshore. Two passengers were rescued while 16 other occupants were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-12 in Asmara: 54 killed

Date & Time: Jan 13, 1987 at 1330 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Asmara - Addis Ababa
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
49
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
54
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Asmara-Yohannes IV Airport, while climbing, an engine failed. The crew declared an emergency and initiated a circuit to return when the aircraft lost height and crashed in a huge explosion. All 54 occupants.
Probable cause:
Engine failure during initial climb for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Douglas DC-10-30 in Ilorin

Date & Time: Jan 10, 1987 at 1350 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
5N-ANR
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Lagos - Ilorin
MSN:
46968
YOM:
1977
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
29487
Aircraft flight cycles:
8748
Circumstances:
The flight originated from Lagos, Nigeria, at 1320LT hours local time as a training flight. The training flight commenced from Lagos with the trainee Captain on the left seat as the Pilot Flying while the Instructor Captain was on the right seat as Pilot-in-Command. The point of intended landing and subsequent trainings was Ilorin Airport. Flight preparation was completed by the crew and ground dispatchers with 60.3 metric tonnes of fuel up-lift giving an estimated endurance of 8 hours. The flight was normal up till the altitude of 3,000 feet when the aircraft was inside the control zone of Ilorin Control Tower which had cleared the aircraft for a touch and go on runway 05. At 1,000 feet agl the aircraft had its landing gears in the down position and landing flaps set at 35°. At 400 feet agl the autopilot was disconnected and later at 80 feet the autothrottles were also disconnected. The aircraft was fully established on the ILS. As the trainee captain was on his very first flight on the aircraft type, the Nigeria Airways DC-10 flight transition syllabus item 9 has it that the sequence of training at this point in time should be '3 engine or single land demonstration-Full stop'. As the aircraft had already requested and cleared for a touch and go and established on ILS, it was clear that item 9 had been skipped and item 10 '3 engine Flight Director ILS approach -Touch and Go' was in progress. The trainee captain crossed the 05 threshold rather high at about 60 feet or more and a long time, interspersed with instructions by the instructor captain, was spent before the aircraft had its main landing gears on the ground at about 2,913 feet (888 m) from the threshold. Runway 05 had a Landing Distance Available if 3,100 meters. It appeared that the trainee captain did not recede the throttles fully back for the touchdown and the Instructor had to assist in doing so. The trainee captain then appeared to be holding the nosewheel off the ground and again the Instructor had to push the control column down. On nosewheel touchdown, the trainee immediately requested for takeoff power. The Instructor went into the aircraft reconfiguration procedure after the landing and was still busy on the required settings when the trainee Pilot raised an alarm as the runway threshold was approaching. The Instructor looked out into the 900m of slight haze visibility, felt that the aircraft would not takeoff with the limited runway available and immediately reached out to deploy the spoilers at the same time stepped on the brakes. Abort takeoff was not announced. At this point in time the engine throttles had already been advanced for takeoff. The aircraft was on heavy braking from about 1,390 feet (424 meters) before runway end as it overran the runway. The aircraft made significant impacts with the ILS antenna bars, electrical switch posts and the approach light support structures of runway 23 all located on the runway 05 clearway before it came to a halt. The location of the accident site was 44 meters to the left of the centreline and 649 meters along the extended centreline. A fire erupted and consumed the fuselage. All nine crew members escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of the accident is primarily the amount of runway consumed in effecting the landing coupled with the lack of knowledge, with certainty of the position of the throttle levers by both the instructor and the trainee pilot in a crucial moment of deciding either to continue the takeoff or abort. The breakdown of communication and coordination between the instructor, the trainee pilot and the trainee flight engineer led to the subsequent overrun.
The following contributing factors were reported:
- The absence of uniform flight standards especially on procedures, within the Nigeria Airways Ltd. in that simulator trainings are not a progressive and logical sequence to flying the live aircraft.
- The extent of the accident was aggravated by the repeated collisions with solidly constructed approach light supporting structures which caused the fire and the shoddy performance of the airport fire services.
- The visibility was too close to the minima for a training flight.

Crash of a Douglas C-54D-1-DC Skymaster in Zaire

Date & Time: Jan 7, 1987
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
9Q-CAG
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
10640
YOM:
1945
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route, the crew was forced to attempt an emergency landing following an engine failure. The aircraft crash landed and was damaged beyond repair while all three crew members evacuates safely.
Probable cause:
Engine failure for unknown reasons.