Crash of an Antonov AN-12BP near Kabul: 6 killed

Date & Time: Oct 28, 1980 at 1032 LT
Type of aircraft:
Antonov AN-12
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-11104
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Cargo
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Sofia – Mineralnye Vody – Tashkent – Kabul
MSN:
01 347 710
YOM:
1971
Flight number:
SU1531
Location:
Kabul
Kabul
Country:
Afghanistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Aircraft flight hours:
19130
Aircraft flight cycles:
6217
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a cargo flight from Sofia to Kabul with intermediate stops in Mineralnye Vody and Tashkent. After being cleared to descend to FL200, FL180 and eventually FL95, the crew continued the approach below the minimum descent altitude until the aircraft struck the slope of Mt Vaysi-Karnibaba (2,800 meters high) located about 25,4 km from the airport. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and all six occupants were killed. At the time of the accident, the visibility was limited due to low clouds.
Probable cause:
The crew took the decision to continue the descent below the minimum safe altitude over mountainous terrain without any visual contact with ground and various obstacles. Thus, the accident is the consequence of a controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-76M near Kabul: 47 killed

Date & Time: Dec 25, 1979 at 2133 LT
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-76
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-86036
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Military
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Tashkent - Bagram
MSN:
093416500
YOM:
1979
Location:
Kabul
Kabul
Country:
Afghanistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
38
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
47
Circumstances:
The four engine airplane was completing a flight from Tashkent-Yuzhny to Bagram AFB, Kabul, carrying 38 paratroopers and nine crew members. While descending by night at an altitude of 5,000 feet, the airplane struck the slope of a mountain located about 36 km from Kabul. The wreckage was found few hours later and none of the 47 occupants survived the crash. The airplane was engaged in the first day of the Soviet invasion in Afghanistan.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain. Lack of navigation equipment and ground assistance was considered as contributing factors.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Tashkent

Date & Time: Oct 30, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-18
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75575
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
185 0080 04
YOM:
1965
Location:
Tashkent-Yuzhny
Tashkent Province (Toshkent viloyati)
Country:
Uzbekistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
89
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
26578
Aircraft flight cycles:
10114
Circumstances:
The approach and landing at Tashkent-Yuzhny Airport were completed in marginal weather conditions with strong crosswinds. After touchdown, the airplane went out of control, veered off runway and came to rest. All 8 crew and 89 passengers escaped unhurt while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Lisunov LI-2 in Tashkent

Date & Time: Jul 14, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Lisunov LI-2
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-13369
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Government
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
184 404 10
YOM:
1951
Location:
Tashkent-Yuzhny
Tashkent Province (Toshkent viloyati)
Country:
Uzbekistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
4946
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff, while in initial climb, the airplane stalled and crashed back onto the runway, veered off runway and came to rest in flames. All occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The total weight of the aircraft was above MTOW at the time of the accident and the airplane has been refueled with a too low octane fuel, which caused the engines to lose power during takeoff.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18 in Tashkent: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jun 24, 1974 at 1705 LT
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-18
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75405
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Samarkand - Tashkent - Leningrad
MSN:
186 0090 05
YOM:
1966
Flight number:
SU5139
Location:
Tashkent-Yuzhny
Tashkent Province (Toshkent viloyati)
Country:
Uzbekistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
106
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
19030
Aircraft flight cycles:
6427
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll, at a speed of 230 km/h, the engine n°4 failed. The captain decided to abandon the takeoff procedure and started an emergency braking maneuver. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the airplane overran at a speed of 100 km/h, went through a road and a ditch before coming to rest, broken in two. 20 passengers were injured, three of them seriously as they were not wearing their seat belt. Few hours later, one of them died.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the engine n°4 failed after colliding with birds during the takeoff roll, causing the high pressure turbine to fail. Several errors on part of the flying crew contributed to the accident, such as a wrong decision on part of the captain, his lack of knowledge about the time needed between the engine full power mode and the activation of the reverse mode. Also, the thrust reverse systems were activated on both left engines only as the flight engineer failed to activate the thrust reverse system on engine n°3.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18B near Semipalatinsk: 63 killed

Date & Time: May 11, 1973 at 0437 LT
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-18
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75687
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Desert
Schedule:
Baku - Tashkent - Novosibirsk
MSN:
189 0012 02
YOM:
1959
Flight number:
SU6551
Location:
Semipalatinsk
Pavlodar
Country:
Kazakhstan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
55
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
63
Aircraft flight hours:
21663
Aircraft flight cycles:
11787
Circumstances:
While cruising by night at an altitude of 7,800 meters in good weather conditions, the pilot-in-command initiated a turn to the left when control was lost. The airplane entered a dive and spiraled to the ground. At an altitude of 5,000 meters, some elements of the upper wing surface and the stabilisers detached and the airplane disintegrated in the air before crashing in a steppe located about 84 km south of Semipalatinsk. Wings and stabilisers parts were found at a distance of some 3.5 km from the crash site. All 63 occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined. The assumption that the aircraft collided with an object was not ruled out. It is believed the crew may have start an emergency descent but the reason of this manoeuvre could not be established. FDR could not be read properly as it was seriously damaged in the crash.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Samarkand: 92 killed

Date & Time: Feb 6, 1970 at 1542 LT
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-18
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75798
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Tashkent - Samarkand
MSN:
182 0043 03
YOM:
1962
Flight number:
SU045
Location:
Samarkand
Samarkand Province (Samarqand viloyati)
Country:
Uzbekistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
98
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
92
Aircraft flight hours:
12885
Aircraft flight cycles:
4968
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Tashkent at an altitude of 5,100 meters, the crew was cleared to descent to 2,700 then 2,400 meters. While approaching Samarkand Airport, the crew encountered poor visibility with low clouds. At an altitude of 1,500 meters, in a nose-down attitude of 16° and at a speed of 380 km/h, the airplane struck the slope of a mountain located 32 km northeast of the airport. The copilot and 13 passengers were rescued while 92 other occupants were killed. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the accident was the consequence of the combination of several factors, among them:
- Poor ATC assistance and wrong instructions on part of the approach controller who cleared the crew to descent prematurely as he thought the position of the aircraft was 31 km from airport while it's real position was estimated between 42 and 44 km,
- Lack of visibility due to clouds,
- The flying crew failed to double-check his position after being cleared to descend and continued in clouds.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Sverdlovsk: 107 killed

Date & Time: Nov 16, 1967 at 2103 LT
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-18
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75538
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Sverdlovsk – Tashkent
MSN:
184 0070 02
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
SU2230
Location:
Sverdlovsk-Koltsovo
Sverdlovsk oblast
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
99
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
107
Aircraft flight hours:
5326
Aircraft flight cycles:
2111
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Sverdlovsk-Koltsovo Airport, while climbing by night at a height of some 150 meters, one of the engine failed. For unknown reason, the crew was unable to shut down the engine and feather its propeller. Due to high drag, the airplane banked right then started an uncontrolled descent until it crashed at a speed of 440 km/h in a field located 2,900 meters past the runway end. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and debris were found on a distance of 320 meters. None of the 107 occupants survived the crash. The accident occurred one minute after rotation.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the engine failure could not be determined. However, it was reported that the engine failure occurred at a critical stage of flight, which was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-62 in Moscow

Date & Time: Feb 25, 1965
Type of aircraft:
Ilyushin II-62
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-06156
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Test
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Moscow – Tashkent – Ashgabat
MSN:
3 00 01
YOM:
1963
Location:
Moscow-Zhukovsky
Moscow oblast
Country:
Russia
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
17
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a test flight from Moscow to Ashgabat with an intermediate stop at Tashkent Airport. The takeoff was attempted with a total weight near the MTOW. After liftoff, the airplane nosed up then lost speed and height. At a height of 4-5 meters, the airplane struck a concrete wall, stalled then crashed in flames. Ten crew members were killed while seven others were injured. The aircraft, first prototype built in 1962, was destroyed. It made its first successful test flight on January 2, 1963.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-104A in Tashkent

Date & Time: Sep 17, 1961
Type of aircraft:
Tupolev TU-104
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-42388
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
8 35 07 03
YOM:
30
Location:
Tashkent-Yuzhny
Tashkent Province (Toshkent viloyati)
Country:
Uzbekistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Landed hard at Yuzhny Airport in Tashkent and was damaged beyond repair. There were no injuries.
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