Crash of a Lockheed L-188AF Electra in Kansas City: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jan 9, 1985 at 0701 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N357Q
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Detroit - Kansas City
MSN:
1044
YOM:
1959
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
14500
Captain / Total hours on type:
5000.00
Circumstances:
During arrival to the Kansas City Downtown Airport, the flight was vectored for a VOR runway 03 approach, then was cleared for the approach and to circle and land on runway 36. On final approach, the aircraft was high and was not in a position to land, so the flight was cleared to circle left for another approach to land. The aircrew acknowledged and began circling left which took them in the vicinity of the Fairfax Airport. A short time later, the ATC controller cautioned that the flight might be lining up for the Fairfax Airport. Subsequently, the crew initiated a missed approach and were instructed to turn to 360° and climb to 3,000 feet. The aircraft began a steep climb to 3,100 feet, stalled and entered a steep descent. Before the descent was arrested, the aircraft impacted in a public water treatment plant. CVR recordings indicated that the 1st officer was flying the aircraft during the en route descent, VOR approach and circling approach, then the captain took control during the missed approach. An exam of the wreckage revealed no evidence of an airframe or powerplant problem. Also, there was no evidence that the cargo had shifted. All three crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: missed approach (ifr)
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
2. (f) weather condition - fog
3. (f) light condition - dawn
4. (f) ifr procedure - improper - copilot/second pilot
5. (f) supervision - inadequate - pilot in command
6. Maneuver - performed - copilot/second pilot
7. (f) became lost/disoriented - inadvertent - copilot/second pilot
8. (f) became lost/disoriented - inadvertent - pilot in command
9. Missed approach - initiated
10. (c) airspeed - not maintained - pilot in command
11. (c) stall - inadvertent - pilot in command
12. Remedial action - delayed
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Grand Commander 690A in Liberty

Date & Time: Jan 20, 1984 at 2350 LT
Registration:
N83MC
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Lorain - Kansas City
MSN:
690-11124
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
6460
Captain / Total hours on type:
510.00
Aircraft flight hours:
39582
Circumstances:
The pilot stated that approximately 15 minutes from his destination the low fuel light illuminated in the cockpit. The aircraft was flown for approximately 10 minutes when the engines sputtered and quit. The pilot stated he 'came in too hot' and bounced off the runway, pulled the gear up looked for a field or road finally coming to rest on a frozen pond. Post accident investigation revealed less than 2 gallons of fuel aboard the aircraft.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical
Phase of operation: cruise - normal
Findings
1. (f) fluid,fuel - exhaustion
2. (c) preflight planning/preparation - improper - pilot in command
3. (c) fuel supply - inadequate - pilot in command
4. (c) fuel consumption calculations - inaccurate - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: forced landing
Phase of operation: landing - flare/touchdown
Findings
5. (f) object - tree(s)
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-47B-20-DK in Saint Louis: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jan 9, 1984 at 2232 LT
Operator:
Registration:
C-GSCA
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Saint Louis - Toronto
MSN:
15745/27190
YOM:
1945
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
4000
Captain / Total hours on type:
1350.00
Aircraft flight hours:
17933
Circumstances:
After landing, the pilot-in-command (pic) placed a refueling order to fill the aircraft's two 210 gallons main tanks for a return flight to Toronto, Ontario, Canada. After the cargo was unloaded and the aircraft was refueled, the aircrew aborted the 1st two attempts to takeoff due to slow aircraft performance. Engine run-ups were performed after each abort and reportedly, the engines checked normal. After the 2nd aborted takeoff, the aircrew called the fbo and requested that the refueler be asked what type of fuel was added. The response was '100LL Avgas.' On the 3rd attempt to depart, the aircraft took off, but both engines lost power as the landing gear was retracted. The aircrew selected a highway on which to land. However, the left wing hit a utility pole, then the aircraft went thru a fence and hit a highway embankment. Investigation revealed that Jet-A fuel had been added to the aircraft rather than 100LL fuel. The truck containing Jet-A fuel looked similar to the one with 100LL Avgas, but was properly designated with fuel grade markings. A pilot was killed, the second was seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (total) - nonmechanical
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Findings
1. (c) fluid,fuel - improper
2. (c) maintenance, service of aircraft/equipment - improper - fbo personnel
3. Aircraft performance, two or more engines - inoperative
----------
Occurrence #2: forced landing
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
Findings
4. (f) object - utility pole
----------
Occurrence #4: on ground/water collision with object
Phase of operation: landing
Findings
5. (f) object - fence
----------
Occurrence #5: on ground/water encounter with terrain/water
Phase of operation: landing
Findings
6. (f) terrain condition - dirt bank/rising embankment
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 551 Citation II/SP in Mountain View: 3 killed

Date & Time: Nov 18, 1982 at 0930 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N2CA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Mountain View - Saint Louis
MSN:
551-0024
YOM:
1979
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
3750
Captain / Total hours on type:
1750.00
Aircraft flight hours:
1150
Circumstances:
On November 17, 1982, the pilot called Vichy Flight Service Station (FSS) and filed a request for an instrument flight rules (IFR) clearance for a flight from Mountain View Airport, Mountain View, Missouri, to Lambert - St. Louis International Airport, St. Louis, Missouri, for the following day. The pilot requested the IFR clearance for a 0930 departure. The flight was to be operated under 14 CFR Part 91, and the purpose of the flight was to transport the pilot, who was the president of the company which owned N2CA, and two passengers to St. Louis. Neither passenger was a pilot. Earlier on November 17, the pilot and the company's chief pilot had flown N2CA to Mountain View Airport from St. Louis. The chief pilot said that there were no mechanical deficiencies with the airplane, but that he believed that some of the avionics equipment was slow to warm up and become operationally usable. The Global Navigation System (GNS) 1 / required 4-5 minutes to become operationally usable from the time it was turned on. According to the chief pilot, the attitude director indicator (ADI) on the pilot's side also required more time to become operationally usable than some of the other avionic equipment. He stated that there had been occasions when "we've had to sit for 1- 1 1/2 minutes waiting for the artificial horizon to leave its caged position and go to the normal flight position." He also stated that in the last 10 flying hours, the pilot's heading indicator required more time "than normal to come on line." He said that the pilot had mentioned to him on the previous day that it was taking an increasingly longer time for the flag to disappear before the heading indicator was ready for use in flight. According to the chief pilot, the pilot stated that he (the pilot) occasionally would use the copilot's heading indicator during takeoff until the heading information on the pilot's side was operationally usable. After the flight to Mountain View Airport on November 17, the airplane was refueled with all tanks filled to capacity. A jet-A fuel supply recently had been installed at the airport; the airplane therefore could be "topped off" at Mountain View Airport instead of having to make an extra refueling stop. As a result, the airplane was about 3,400 lbs heavier for flight on the 18th than it had been in past takeoffs from Mountain View Airport. About 0730 2/ c.s.t., November 18, the pilot called a fixed-base operator at Lambert - St. Louis International Airport and inquired about the weather. The operator was neither a pilot nor a weather observer. He told the pilot that the visibility was at least 1 1/2 miles, and the ceiling was "fairly low." The operator called the Lambert - St. Louis Air Traffic Control (ATC) Tower and inquired about ATC delays. He then called the pilot back and relayed information about the ATC situation. There was no record of any other weather briefing. At 0909, the pilot called the Vichy FSS for the IFR clearance. The pilot told the FSS specialist that he would need 15 minutes to get to the airport. He was given the clearance which was valid until 0930. The telephone conversation ended at 0914. The call was placed from the pilot's home. Meanwhile, the chief pilot had conducted a preflight inspection of N2CA, and had taken the airplane out of the hangar. The pilot left his home shortly after 0915 and arrived at the airport between 0920 and 0925. The pilot then loaded the baggage and boarded the two passengers. The chief pilot said that both engines had been started by the time he had driven the tug back to the hangar and started to close the hangar door. The airplane remained on the ramp for I5 to 30 seconds while a person handed some company material to the pilot through the cockpit window. The pilot was in the left cockpit seat, and a male passenger was in the right cockpit seat. The airplane was immediately taxied directly to runway 28, a distance of about 225 feet. The chief pilot said that the airplane was stopped on the runway for 30 to 60 seconds before the takeoff roll started. He said it was exactly 0930 by his watch when the takeoff roll started. He said that, assuming that the generators were turned on as soon as the second engine was started, about 2 minutes elapsed from the time they were turned on to the time the takeoff roll was started. The chief pilot and another pilot at the airport described the takeoff as normal, although the airplane required about three-quarters of the runway before liftoff. The airplane disappeared from sight when it was 20 feet to 50 feet above the runway. The witnesses described the weather as low ceilings, reduced visibility because of fog, but no rain. The runway was damp from 8 previous rainfall. No significant winds were noted. There were no witnesses to the accident. One person, located one-half mile northeast of the accident site, heard a "jet'' fly over his house in a southwesterly direction and shortly afterward heard an explosion. A second person, located one-fifth mile north of the accident site, heard the airplane fly over his house on a southerly heading. He heard a loud explosion and immediately thereafter saw a fire in the woods. He and his sons ran toward the explosion. One son returned to call the sheriff; the call was placed through the operator and was logged at the sheriff's office at 0934. A call was received at a nearby State Police office at 0936. The airplane crashed in a woods about 1.75 miles due north of Mountain View Airport on a heading of 120'in an attitude that was at least 30' nose down and a left bank of 90'. The airplane wreckage was spread over a 400-square-foot area. All three occupants died in the accident.
Probable cause:
The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the accident was the loss of control of the airplane following the takeoff in instrument meteorological conditions as a result of the pilot's use of attitude and heading instruments which had not become operationally usable and/or his partial reliance on the copilot's flight instruments which resulted in an abnormal instrument scan pattern leading to the pilot's disorientation. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's hurried and inadequate preflight procedures.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 404 Titan in Belton: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jun 30, 1981 at 1125 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N6810N
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Wichita - Wichita
MSN:
404-0853
YOM:
1981
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
6500
Captain / Total hours on type:
500.00
Circumstances:
The pilot, sole on board, departed Wichita on a test flight. En route, the twin engine airplane entered a steep descending turn then crashed in a field located in Belton, south of Kansas City, Missouri. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot was killed.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled descent and subsequent crash due to pilot incapacitation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Moderate obese pilot,
- High blood pressure,
- Witnesses reported pilo looked tired,
- Speech slurred.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Shrike Commander 500S in Springfield: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 21, 1981 at 0032 LT
Registration:
N222FQ
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
College Station - Springfield
MSN:
500-1795-10
YOM:
1968
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
12033
Circumstances:
On approach by night while on a cargo flight from College Station, the pilot failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when the twin engine airplane struck trees and crashed few miles from the runway threshold. The pilot and a passenger were killed while a second passenger was seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Collision with trees on final approach due to improper IFR operation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Pilot fatigue,
- Low ceiling,
- Fog,
- Snow,
- Visibility two miles or less,
- Witness stated that the pilot got up at 0800LT on January 20 and worked during all day before departing on a four hours flight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Carstedt Jet Liner 600F in Saint Louis

Date & Time: Jun 11, 1979 at 2152 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N906MW
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Kansas City - Saint Louis
MSN:
04449
YOM:
1954
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4032
Captain / Total hours on type:
651.00
Circumstances:
Upon landing at Saint Louis-Lambert Airport, the undercarriage collapsed. The airplane sank on its belly and slid for several yards before coming to rest. Both pilots escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Gear retraction on landing following improper maintenance on part of the maintenance personnel. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Landing gear: normal retraction/extension assembly, improperly installed,
- Chafed,
- Pneumatic line to down port on nlg actuator chafed through.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-60 Aerostar (Ted Smith Aerostar 600) in Sikeston: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 22, 1979 at 1325 LT
Registration:
N90501
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sikeston - Sikeston
MSN:
60-0289-109
YOM:
1976
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
6407
Captain / Total hours on type:
275.00
Circumstances:
While in traffic pattern at Sikeston Airport, the twin engine airplane suffered an engine failure. It lost height then struck power cables and crashed in a field. The pilot was killed and the passenger was injured.
Probable cause:
Engine failure and subsequent collision with power cables due to improper maintenance on part of the maintenance personnel. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Fuel system: ram air assembly, collapsed,
- Improper in-flight decisions,
- Improper emergency procedures,
- Complete failure one engine,
- Forced landing off airport on land,
- Engine air inlet duct collapsed.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421A Golden Eagle I in Kansas City: 3 killed

Date & Time: Feb 22, 1979 at 0955 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N77PM
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Des Moines - Kansas City
MSN:
421A-0129
YOM:
1968
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
16000
Captain / Total hours on type:
420.00
Circumstances:
On approach to Kansas City-Charles B. Wheeler-Downtown Airport, the pilot encountered very bad weather conditions with low ceiling, fog and windshear. In a zero visibility, he failed to realize his altitude was too low when the airplane struck trees and crashed in flames few miles short of runway 19 threshold. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact and all three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Collision with trees on final approach due to improper IFR operation. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Low ceiling,
- Fog,
- Windshear,
- Visibility at zero.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed L-188 Electra in Saint Louis: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jul 6, 1977 at 2327 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N280F
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Saint Louis - Detroit
MSN:
1076
YOM:
1959
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
11540
Captain / Total hours on type:
390.00
Circumstances:
The takeoff procedure was abandoned after the propeller on engine n°2 autofeathered. During the second takeoff, while in initial climb, the airplane entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in flames by the runway. All three crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled descent during initial climb due to unwanted thrust reversal on engine n°2. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The pilot-in-command exercised poor judgment,
- Attempted operation with known deficiencies in equipment,
- Failed to follow approved procedures,
- Thrust reversal unwanted,
- Oil exhaustion in propeller system,
- Propeller system: feathering pump - leakage,
- Inadequate maintenance and inspection,
- Deficiency, company maintained equipment, services, regulation,
- Pilot fatigue,
- Oil replaced improperly,
- Pump output o-rings bad.
Final Report: