Training

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Shimoji-shima - Shimoji-shima

MSN:

23433

YOM:

1987

Flight number:

NH8254

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

10375

Captain / Total hours on type:

6654.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

259

Copilot / Total hours on type:

Aircraft flight hours:

35347

Circumstances:

On June 26, 2002, a Boeing 767-200 of All Nippon Airways, registration JA8254, took off from Shimoji-Shima Airport at around 11:32 on a flight for takeoff and landing training. The flight plan of the aircraft submitted to the Shimoji-Shima Airport Office of the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (CAB) was as follows: FLIGHT RULES: VFR, AERODROME of DEPARTURE: Shimoji-Shima Airport, TIME: 11:20, CRUISING SPEED: 250kt, LEVEL: VFR, ROUTE: Traffic Pattern, DESTINATION AERODROME: Shimoji-Shima Airport, FLIGHT PURPOSE: Training Flight, TOTAL EET: 1 hour 40 minutes, ENDURANCE: 6 hrs 32 minutes, PERSONS ON BOARD: 3. The three persons on board were in the cockpit at the time of the accident: A pilot undergoing training for promotion to First Officer (Trainee Pilot-A) occupying the left pilot’s seat, the Captain acting as instructor occupying the right pilot’s seat, and another pilot undergoing training for promotion to First Officer (Trainee Pilot-B) occupying the left observer’s seat. First, Trainee Pilot-B made seven landings on runway 17 from the left pilot’s seat, including two landings with one engine simulated inoperative, and a go-around with both engines operative. He then changed places with Trainee Pilot-A. At around that time, the wind direction changed from the south to the west, and the aerodrome control tower instructed a change to runway 35. Trainee Pilot-A then made two landings on runway 35 with both engines operative, and training then switched to landing with one engine simulated inoperative. The first landing was made with the left engine simulated inoperative. After that, during a landing with the right engine simulated inoperative, the touchdown was late and Trainee Pilot-A attempted to go-around with go-around thrust on the left engine only. A few seconds later the instructor increased power on the right engine to go-around thrust, but at that time even though the left engine thrust had started to increase the right engine was still at minimum idle thrust. As a result, a thrust imbalance occurred between the left and right engines while right rudder was
being applied, and the aircraft rolled and yawed to the right (East). Although Trainee Pilot-A and the instructor attempted to correct the attitude changes, the aircraft veered off the runway into a grass field on east side of the runway and came to a stop around 1,990m from the point it had first touched down. The accident occurred at runway 35 of Shimoji-Shima Airport at around 12:54.

Probable cause:

It is estimated that the accident was caused as follows:
The aircraft was being operated on a training flight at Shimoji-Shima Airport, and was making a one-engine-out touch-and-go landing with the right engine simulated inoperative. The touchdown was late and beyond the normal aim point, and on the direction of the instructor, the trainee pilot attempted to go around on only the left engine. However, the trainee mishandled the aircraft, and then, seeing the instructor advance the right engine’s thrust lever, he applied right rudder pedal mechanically. This coincided with an increase in the rotation speed of the left engine, and the aircraft’s attitude suddenly changed towards the right. Because the trainee pilot could not fully correct this and the instructor was late in taking over control, the aircraft veered off the east side of the runway into a grass area and was damaged. Moreover, it is estimated that the following causal factors contributed to the accident:
1) The instructor did not take over when he directed the trainee to go around, or at an earlier stage, because he thought to allow the trainee pilot to handle the aircraft as much as possible, and because he did not sufficiently recognize that a go-around with one-engine simulated inoperative is a difficult maneuver for an inexperienced pilot.
2) Regarding the instructor’s intent to allow the trainee pilot to handle the aircraft as much as possible, the company’s instructional guidelines contained statements meaning that a judgment to go around should be made by the trainee pilot, and that during simulated one-engine-out touch-and-go training landings, the go-around after landing should continue with one engine simulated inoperative.
3) Regarding the instructor’s insufficient recognition of the difficulty of a go-around with one engine simulated inoperative for an inexperienced pilot, the instructor had not been trained to deal with the situation encountered in the accident, and the company’s regulations and manuals did not describe considerations on the difficulty of executing a go-around with one-engine simulated inoperative for an inexperienced pilot or on the effects of the wind on such maneuvers.
4) Regarding the delay in the instructor taking over control of the aircraft, the instructor was not following with his hands on the control wheel and was not in a position to take over immediately if necessary, and when the instructor had changed from being a simulator instructor to a flight instructor, he had not received sufficient training on cautionary matters regarding training in actual aircraft.

Final Report:

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 600 in Khartoum

Date & Time: Jun 11, 2002 at 1830 LT

Type of aircraft:

Fokker F27 Friendship

Operator:

Registration:

ST-SSD

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Khartoum - Khartoum

MSN:

10563

YOM:

1977

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Aircraft flight hours:

19822

Aircraft flight cycles:

19349

Circumstances:

The crew was completing a local training flight at Khartoum-Haj Yusuf Airport. Following several touch-and-goes completed successfully on runway 18, the crew landed the airplane and elected to takeoff when the captain encountered difficulties to raise the flaps from 40° to 16,5°. In such conditions, he decided to reject the takeoff procedure and initiated an emergency braking manoeuvre. The aircraft skidded on runway, overran and lost its right main gear before coming to rest against the ILS antenna for runway 36. Both pilots escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Dornier DO228-201 in Jaipur

Date & Time: Jun 9, 2002

Type of aircraft:

Dornier DO228

Operator:

Registration:

VT-EJN

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Jaipur - Jaipur

MSN:

8060

YOM:

1986

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

The crew was completing a local training flight at Jaipur-Sanganer Airport. After touchdown, the twin engine aircraft skidded on runway, veered off runway and came to rest. Both pilots escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Rockwell T-39N Sabreliner off Pensacola: 4 killed

Date & Time: May 8, 2002 at 1630 LT

Type of aircraft:

Rockwell T-39 Sabreliner

Operator:

Registration:

165525

Flight Phase:

Flight

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Lake, Sea, Ocean, River

Schedule:

Pensacola - Pensacola

MSN:

282-100

YOM:

1972

Location:

Pensacola

Florida

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Two Rockwell T-39N Sabreliner operated by the US Navy registered 165522 and 165525 departed Pensacola-Forrest Sherman Field for a training mission. In unknown circumstances, while cruising over the Gulf of Mexico, about 60 km offshore, both aircraft collided and crashed in the sea. All seven crew members on board both aircraft were killed. Debris were found about 64 km offshore, distant 10 km from each other.

Crash of a Rockwell T-39N Sabreliner off Pensacola: 3 killed

Date & Time: May 8, 2002 at 1630 LT

Type of aircraft:

Rockwell T-39 Sabreliner

Operator:

Registration:

165522

Flight Phase:

Flight

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Lake, Sea, Ocean, River

Schedule:

Pensacola - Pensacola

MSN:

282-28

YOM:

1965

Location:

Pensacola

Florida

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Crash of a Lockheed KC-130F Hercules in Twentynine Palms

Date & Time: Feb 11, 2002

Type of aircraft:

Lockheed C-130 Hercules

Operator:

Registration:

148895

Flight Phase:

Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Twentynine Palms - Twentynine Palms

MSN:

3619

YOM:

1961

Location:

Twentynine Palms

California

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Aircraft flight hours:

20960

Circumstances:

The crew departed Twentynine Palms on a local training flight. Shortly after takeoff, the engine n°1 failed. The aircraft encountered difficulties to gain height when the engine n°4 lost power. The crew attempted an emergency landing in a sandy area located about 4,5 km past the runway end. All eight crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Probable cause:

Failure of the engine n°1 during initial climb and a loss of power on the engine n°4 for unknown reasons. As the aircraft was operated at its MTOW, the crew was unable to maintain a positive rate of climb.

Crash of a Let L-410UVP-E3 at Fort Bliss AFB

Date & Time: Feb 8, 2002

Type of aircraft:

Let L-410

Operator:

Registration:

00-0292

Flight Phase:

Flight

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

MSN:

89 23 07

YOM:

1989

Location:

Fort Bliss AFB (El Paso)

Texas

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Crashed in unknown circumstances in trees while completing a local training flight at Fort Bliss AFB. All four crew members were rescued, among them two were injured.

Crash of a Learjet C-21A at Ellsworth AFB: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 2, 2002 at 1430 LT

Type of aircraft:

Learjet C-21A

Operator:

Registration:

84-0097

Flight Phase:

Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Ellsworth AFB - Ellsworth AFB

MSN:

35-543

YOM:

1984

Flight number:

Pacer 43

Location:

Ellsworth AFB

South Dakota

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

The mishap aircraft, call sign Pacer 43, was conducting pattern work operations during an off-station training mission at Ellsworth AFB, SD (RCA). Shortly before impact, the mishap crew was conducting a simulated single-engine approach to runway 31 at Ellsworth AFB. Subsequent analysis showed that there was a significantly greater amount of fuel in the left wing and left wing tip tank than the right. The gross fuel imbalance resulted from an unmonitored transfer of fuel from the right wing and right wing tip tank to the left that was initiated by the crew approximately nine and one-half minutes before impact. As the aircraft approached the point when it would normally transition to a flare, it leveled off and began a climbing turn to the west, toward the tower. It did not touch down prior to the turn, but veered left immediately during the flare, and then rolled back to wings level momentarily as it climbed. The heavier left wing, and application of power to the right engine for the go-around, caused the aircraft to roll back into a steeper left turn, stayed in a climbing left turn with the bank continuing to increase until il rolled through more than 90 degrees of bank. As the aircraft reached the highest point of the climb (approximately 450 feet), the bank angle was more than 90 degrees, and perhaps slightly inverted as the nose dropped and the aircraft began to descend. The aircraft impacted the ground in a grassy field.

Probable cause:

The crew's failure to follow flight manual procedures for fuel transfer. As a result, the mishap aircraft experienced a fuel imbalance significant enough to cause the aircraft to enter an unsafe roll to the left from which the pilot was not able to recover.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Zagreb

Date & Time: Dec 6, 2001 at 1820 LT

Type of aircraft:

PZL-Mielec AN-2

Operator:

Registration:

9A-BKA

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site: